• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.163-175
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• 1999

This study was done to identify the effectiveness of a proper positioning on musculoskeletal complication on patient with Stroke by using a quasi-experimental study. A total of 18 patients were selected as a subject from June 1st to October 31th 1998 who had been hospitalized at Intensive Care Units in K medical center. A experimental group consists of 8 patients who were given proper positioning every two hours. A control group consists of 10 patients who were given traditional positioning. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS windows including $X^2$-test (Fisher's exact method), Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and McNemar test. The result of this study was summerized as follows : 1) The experimental group with proper positioning has shown lower shoulder pain score, dorsiflexion contracture score, Shoulder subluxation score and higher Range of Motion and than the control group. 2) The experimental group with proper positioning has shown lower muscle pain score and edema score than the control group, but it was not statistically significant.Therefore, proper positioning could be applied as an independent nursing intervent ion for patients on Stroke in order to facilitate rehabilitation.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.249-254
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the importance of proper positioning in chest PA X-ray examination. As a study method, this author searched for and analyzed materials related to chest PA X-ray examination from theses and books that had been published previously to understand the importance of proper positioning in chest PA X-ray examination. Generally, one of the examinations frequently done in most of the hospitals is chest PA X-ray examination. Also, in any kinds of X-ray examination, proper positioning is the most fundamental and definite way to provide accurate information about the patient. Poor positioning in chest PA X-ray examination may jeopardize the diagnosis and treatment, increase social cost due to examination needed to be done additionally, and generate additional radiation exposure unnecessarily above all. In conclusion, it is expected that proper positioning in chest PA X-ray examination will exert positive effects such as the provision of accurate information about the patient, prevention of misdiagnosis, reduction in social cost, and lastly decrease in radiation exposure.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.981-984
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• 2001

Object : To treat hydrocephalus by ventriculo-peritoneal shunt operation, the correct positioning of the proximal catheter in the ventricle is very important. The purpose of this study was to develop the "shunt guiding kit" for the proper positioning of the proximal shunt catheter to the ventricle in the ventriculo-peritoneal shunt operation. Materials and Methods: The "shunt guiding kit" is made of tungsten alloy and it consists of one frame, two screws and one guider. Through the guider, the proximal shunt catheter operates by mechanically coupling the posterior burr hole to the anterior target point. Results: We have treated three hydrocephalus patients with use of the "shunt guiding kit", and achieved good location of proximal shunt catheters. Conclusion: We developed the "shunt guiding kit" for the proper positioning of the proximal shunt catheter to the ventricle, and this would be very useful for preventing ventriculo-peritoneal shunt malfunction and preventing possible brain injury during the procedures.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2013

With the development of mobile internet, requirements of positioning accuracy for the LBS (Location Based Service) are becoming more and more higher. The LBS is based on the position of each mobile device. So, it requires a proper acquisition of accurate user's indoor position. Thus indoor positioning technology and its accuracy is crucial for various LBS. In general, RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) measurements are used to obtain the position information of mobile unit under WLAN environment. However, indoor positioning error increases as multiple AP's configurations are becoming more complex. To overcome this problem, an enhanced indoor localization method by AP (Access Point) selection criteria adopting DOP (Dilution of Precision) is proposed.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.962-967
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• 2006

Indoor positioning is highlighted recently, and various kinds of indoor positioning systems are under developments. Since positioning systems have their own characteristics, proper positioning scheme should be chosen according to the required specifications. Positioning methods are classified into time-based and angle-based one. This paper presents the error analysis of time-based and angle-based location methods. Because measurements of these methods are nonlinear, linearizations are needed in both cases to estimate the user position. In the linearization, Gauss-Newton method is used in both cases. To analyze the position error, we investigate the error ellipse parameters that include eccentricity, rotation angle, and the size of ellipse. Simulation results show that the major axes of TOA and AOA method lie in different quadrants at most region of workspace, especially where the geometry is poor. When the TOA/AOA hybrid is employed, it is found that the error ellipse is reduced to the intersection of ellipses of TOA and AOA.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.32.4-32
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• 2001

The Intelligent Space is a space where we can easily interact with computers and robots, and get useful service from them. In such a space, location information is very important, since the agents cannot provide proper service to a proper person at a proper location without location information. Our positioning system uses CCD cameras. It is important to decide where to arrange the cameras for the best localization depending on the tasks in the space. How to arrange cameras for the best localization is discussed in this paper.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.138-142
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• 2006

Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) algorithm was applied to sound source positioning. Using measured microphones signal, difference of distance from source to sensors were estimated by TDOA and speed of sound, and taken by navigational measurements. And iteration procedures were induced to find the actual source location. For the case of stationary and moving sound source, validation test were performed in the anechoic room. In the stationary case, the error of positioning is less then 1.3% in length scale, and it could be seen proper filtering processes were required in the application of moving sound source.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.730-738
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• 2007

As well known when the linear machine is operated between two points repeatedly under positioning control, there are various positioning error at the moment of zero speed owing to the non-linear disturbance like as unpredictable friction force. To remove this positioning error, a simple least order disturbance observer is introduced and is actually implemented in this study. Due to this simple algorithm the over-all machine system can be modified to simple arbitrary given one-mass load without any disturbance. So, the total construction process for positioning control system is much easier than old one. Moreover, to generate a proper effective position profile with the limited actual machine force, a very powerful on-line mass identification algorithm using the load force estimator is presented. In the proposed mass identification algorithm, the exact load mass can be calculated during only one moving stage under a normally generated position profile. All presented algorithm is verified with experimental result with commercial linear servo machine system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.125-129
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• 2006

Japan has been investigating a new satellite based positioning system called Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS). Since the improvement of positioning availability in urban area is one of the most important advantages of the QZSS, multipath mitigation is a key factor for the QZSS positioning system. Therefore, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and GNSS Inc. have commenced the R&D of a pseudolite, which transmits the next-generation signal such as BOC(1,1), in order to evaluate the effect of multipath on the new signal. A prototype BOC pseudolite was developed in 2005, and ground tests showed a capability of generating proper pseudorange. Also, preliminary flight experiments using a pseudo quasi-zenith satellite, a helicopter on which the pseudolite is installed, were conducted in early 2006, and the BOC-type correlation function was monitored in real time.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.84-93
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• 1996

This paper describes the development of new feature positioning method which embedded into the top-down assembly modeling system supporting conceptual design. In this work, the user provides the geometric constraints representing the position and size of features, then the system calculates their proper solution. The use of geometric constraints which are easy to understand intuitively enables the user to represent his design intents about geometric shapes, and enables the system to propagate the changes automatically when some editing occurs. To find the proper solution of given constraints, the Selective Solving Method in which the redundant or conflict equations are detected and discarded is devised. The validity of feature shapes satisfying the constraints can be maintained by this technique, and under or over constrained user-defined constraints can also be estimated. The problems such as getting the initial guess, controlling the multiple solutions, and dealing with objects of rotational symmetry are also resolved. Through this work, the feature based modeling system can support more general and convenient modeling method, and keeps the model being valid during modifying models.