• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2005

We experimented on growth in light and production of hydrogen and organic matters in dark fermentation by using C. reinhardtii. In the light, growth rate of C. reinhardtii following $CO_2$ fixation was proportional to consumption rate of nitrogen source. And the starch in cell was accumulated more when the period of culture was lengthened more. But the accumulation rate of starch in cell was decreased when the growth rate of cell become dull. In the dark fermentation, the production volume and production rate of hydrogen were the highest value in the mid exponential state among other states. The utilization efficiency of substrate was better in the early exponential state than other states. In production of organic matters, acetic acid didn't change remarkably and ethanol showed the highest value in early exponential state.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.362-370
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the reforming characteristics and optimum operating condition of the plasmatron assisted $CH_4$ reforming reaction for the hydrogen-rich gas production. Also, in order to increase the hydrogen production and the methane conversion rate, parametric screening studies were conducted, in which there were the variations of the $CH_4$ flow ratio, $CO_2$ flow ratio, vapor flow ratio, mixing flow ratio and catalyst addition in reactor. High temperature plasma flame was generated by air and arc discharge. The air flow rate and input electric power were fixed 5.1 l/min and 6.4 kW, respectively. When the $CH_4$ flow ratio was 38.5%, the production of hydrogen was maximized and optimal methane conversion rate was 99.2%. Under these optimal conditions, the following synthesis gas concentrations were determined: $H_2$, 45.4%; CO, 6.9%; $CO_2$, 1.5%; and $C_2H_2$, 1.1%. The $H_2/CO$ ratio was 6.6, hydrogen yield was 78.8% and energy conversion rate was 63.6%.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.195-203
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• 1974

제주도산 은어의 어체량이 전소한 사실에 대하여 그 원인을 구명하는 일환으로 성장이 빠른 하계의 개체생산 속도를 1973년 6월 18일부터 9월 25일까지 강정천에서 조사한 바 자료수가 만족스럽지는 못하나 본체조자료에서는 다음과 같은 결과를 추정할 수 있었다. 1) 1973년도 하계에 있어서 강정천산 은어의 개체생산속도에 대하여 Table 5와 같이 추정하였다. 2) 강정천산 은어의 개체생산속도는 일본 우주산의 것게 비하여 불과 $7.2\%$였고, 부착조류에 현존량도 $6.7\%$에 지나지 않으며 전체적으로 극히 미비하였다. 3) 조사기간을 통하여 부착조류의 현존량으로 볼 때 서식밀도가 평균 5.2미/$m^2$로써 수용한계추정 미수 4.8미 /$m^2$보다 많은 수인 5.2미/$m^2$였다. 4) 강정천산 은어의 하계 개체생산속도는 주로 8월에서 9월 사이에 왕성히 이루어지고 있음을 알았다. 5) 개체생산속도의 성적이 좋지 못한 것은 이식량의 부족에 있는 것으로 보았으며, 이는 부착조류의 생산량이 적고 서식밀도가 과다한 데다 일중 평균수온이 낮아 섭이활동이 활발치 못한 데서 기인한 것으로 추측되었으며, 이러한 요인들이 일차적으로 강정천의 은어 생산속도에 크게 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 보았다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.704-710
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• 2008

Glutamate availability in the argF-argR-proB${\Delta}$ strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum was increased by addition of glutamate to the cell or inactivation of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity and simultaneous overexpression of the pyruvate carboxylase activity to assess its effect on L-ornithine production. When glutamate was increased in an L-ornithine-producing strain, the production of L-ornithine was not changed. This unexpected result indicated that the intracellular concentration and supply of glutamate is not a rate-limiting step for the L-ornithine production in an L-ornithine-producing strain of C. glutamicum. In contrast, overexpression of the L-ornithine biosynthesis genes (argCJBD) resulted in approximately 30% increase of L-ornithine production, from 12.73 to 16.49 mg/g (dry cell weight). These results implied that downstream reactions converting glutamate to L-ornithine, but not the availability of glutamate, is the rate-limiting step for elevating L-ornithine production in the argF-argR-proB${\Delta}$ strain of C. glutamicum.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.367-381
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• 2011

Reducing waste for the efficiency of production is becoming more important because of the rapidly changing market circumstances and the rising material and oil prices. The dispatching also has to consider the characteristic of production circumstance for the efficiency. The production circumstance has the non-identical parallel machines with rework rate since machines have different capabilities and deterioration levels in the real manufacturing field. This paper proposes a dispatching method, FTLR (Flow Time Loss Index with Rework Rate) for production efficiency. The goal of FTLR is to minimize flow time based on such production environments. FTLR predicts the flow time with rework rate. After assessing dominant position of expected flow time per each machine, FTLR performs dispatching to minimize flow time. Experiments compare various dispatch methods for evaluating FTLR with mean flow time, mean tardiness and max tardiness in queue.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2000

Effects of carbon dioxide partial pressure(PCO2) on bacterial population, methane production rate and matter degradation in anaerobic digestion were investigated by using anaerobic chemostat type reactors at 35$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, at the HRT of 7 days. At PCO2 of 0.5 atm, the specific methane production rate and specific substrate removal rate reached the maximum rates. The methane production rates in the reactors fed by mixed substrate were 26% higher than those obtained under the controlled condition. The number of acetate consuming methanogenic bacteria enumerated by the MPN(most probable number) method, decreased when PCO2 exceeded 0.7 atm. Hydrogen consuming methanogenic bacteria and homoacetogenic bacteria increased as PCO2 increased from 0.1 to 0.6 atm, however, decreased slightly at PCO2 above 0.7 atm. The number of hydrolytic bacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria and H2-producing acetogenic bacterial were not much influenced by the change of PCO2. The potential methanogenic activity reached the maximum at PCO2 0.5 atm, however, decreased significantly when PCO2 exceeded 0.7 atm, would depend on free PCO2 concentration in solution.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.529-536
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• 1998

용존산소(D.O.) level은 유기산 및 포도당을 혼합한 배지에서 Azotobacter vinelandii UWD의 생장 및 생분해성 고분자(PHBV) 생성에 큰 영향을 주었다. 용존산소 level이 높은 경우(5% D.O.)는 낮은 경우(1% D.O.)에 비해 세포의 생장속도가 약 2배 증가하였으나 PHBV 생성은 D.O.가 낮은 경우 62.3 wt%로 D.O.가 높은 경우에 비해 약 17배 증가하였다. 그러나 B.O. level은 통기(aeration)에 의한 A. vinefandii UWD의 발효특성 연구에 적합한 기준이 아니었다. 공기공급속도를 고정하고 교반속도만을 변화시키는 통기법으로 산소전달속도를 감소시켰을 때 이 균주는 산소소모속도를 그에 따라 대응 감소시킴으써 겉보기 D.O.를 높게(5%) 유지할 수 있었고 이 때 생장이 느려지고 PHBV 양은 57.3 wt%로 증가하였다. 통기가 세포생장 및 PHBV 생성에 미치는 영향을 일관성 있게 설명할 수 있는 기준은 D.O. level이 아니라 산소전달속도였으며 비생장속도는 산소전달속도에 비례하여 증가하였고 PHBV 생산량은 산소전달속도에 반비례하였다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2009

Environmental conditions may cause the quality change of fruits during distribution after harvest. In order to prevent the damage or quality change of fruits for distribution, the characteristic of fruits affected by the environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity under various distribution conditions should be known. This research was performed to analyze how the environmental conditions affect the factors such as weight loss rate and ethylene production of the peach under several distribution conditions. Environmental conditions of the actual distributed route were evaluated and the data obtained from the conditions were used for the simulated environmental tests. Regression models of the weight loss rate and the ethylene production of peach were developed and used in predicting peach quality. The weight loss rate of the peach estimated by the ASHRAE data was shown the higher value on the transportation temperature condition than on the low and room temperature conditions. The weight loss rate and the ethylene production of the peach on the simulated distribution conditions were measured and the measured weight loss rate of peach was the smaller than the theoretically estimated one. The regression models of the weight loss rate and the ethylene production were developed respectively.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.116-124
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• 2008

In this study, the Tier 2 method recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was used to predict the methane generation rate at two landfill sites, designated as Y and C for purposes of this study, in South Korea. Factors such as the average annual waste disposal, methane emissions ($L_0$) and methane gas generation rate constant (k) were estimated by analyses of waste and the historical data for the landfills. The value of k was estimated by field experiments and then the changes in the methane generation rate were predicted through the year 2050, based on the value of k. The Y landfill site, which was in operation until the year 2008, will generate a total of 17, 198.7 tons by the end of 2018, according to our estimations. At the C landfill site, which will not be closed until the end of 2011, the amount of methane gas generated in 2011 will be 3,316 tons and the total amount of gas generated by 2029 will be 61,200 tons. The total production rate of methane gas at the C landfill is higher than that of the Y landfill. This indicates that the capacity of a landfill site affects the production rate of methane gas. However, the interrelation between the generation rate of methane and the value of k is weak. In addition, the generation of methane gas does not cease even when the operations at a landfill site come to a close and the methane gas production rate is at its highest at end of the operating life of a landfill site.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.53-59
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 스마트 공장에서 의사결정 모델을 이용한 순차 마이닝 기반 제조공정을 제안한다. 제안하는 모델은 소규모의 제조공정에서 순차 마이닝 의사결정 모델을 적용하여 제조 효율을 높이는 방법이다. 제조 단계 중 제품 제조 과정에서 나타나는 데이터를 입력 변수들로 구성하고, 시간당 제조량과 불량률을 출력 변수로 구성한다. t-검정을 통해 유의수준이 높은 변수만을 사용하여 GSP 알고리즘과 REPTree 알고리즘을 이용한 규칙과 모델을 생성한다. 의미있는 순차 규칙과 의사결정 모델은 정확도, 민감도, 특이성, 예측도를 통해 유의미함을 확인한다. 결과적으로, 실제 제조에 적용한 결과 불량률은 0.38%가 개선되었고, 시간당 제조량은 평균 1.89/h 증가되었다. 이는 소규모 제조 공정에서 데이터 마이닝 분석을 통한 제조 효율을 높이기 위한 의미있는 결과를 나타낸다.