• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

This study investigates a buyer-supplier supply chain, in which a buyer delegates the production process to a supplier as in many practices. The consumer's buying intention and overall supply chain performance are affected not only by the buyer's decision on sales price but also by the supplier's decision on product quality. Therefore, the buyer has a motivation to control the supplier's quality investment. Among various incentive schemes that the buyer can adopt in practice, we consider a revenue-sharing contract and investigate its unique characteristics. By comparison with a typical wholesale price contract, we reveal that the revenue-sharing contract can enhance supply chain's overall performance, including quality, demand, and profits of not only overall supply chain but also each player. We contribute to the academia and the supply chain practice by providing important guidelines in adopting incentive schemes and effectively managing product quality in a supply chain.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2007

It is hypothesized that changing from conventional to organic production is an investment because specific capital items are necessary for such a step. It is further hypothesized that in view of the limited experience and the very restricted availability of extension materials such investment is particularly prone to risk. The conversion to organic farming has proven to be an economically interesting alternative for a large portion of the converted farms in the past. This contribution will consider the question of which factors influence the success of organic farming. A discussion of the most important consequences for politics and agricultural practice conclude this paper, drawn on the important factors identified in the study.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2016

This study investigates the effect of power dynamics on R&D and market performances. Various types of relationships in a supply chain are considered. An R&D company offering new technology for product quality and a manufacturer responsible for both production and sales are utilized as subjects. The company with bargaining power differs with respect to the supply chain situation in practice, and no fixed single relationship and supply chain structure exist. However, only a few studies have considered the various relationships among players in a supply chain and their effects on performance. Therefore, we propose three models with different supply chain structures and power dynamics among players. This study contributes to the academia and supply chain practice by revealing the different characteristics of supply chain models.

• 미생물과산업
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.34-41
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• 1993

Industrial strain improvement is concerned with developing or modifying microorganisms used in production of commercially important fermentation products. The aim is to reduce the production cost by improving productivity of a strain and manipulating specific characteristics such as the ability to utilize cheaper raw materials or resist bacteriophages. The traditional empirical approach to strain improvement is mutation combined with selection and breeding techniques. It is still used by us to improve the productivity of organisms in amino acids, organic acids and enzymes production. The breeding of high L-lysine-producing strain Au112 is one of the outstanding examples of this approach. It is a homoserine auxotroph with AEC, TA double metabolic analogue resistant markers. The yield reaches 100 g/l. Besides, the citric acid-producing organism Aspergillus niger, Co827, its productivity reaches the advanced level in the world, is also the result of a series mutations especially with $^60Co{\gamma}$-radiation. The thermostable .alpha.-amylase producing strain A 4041 is the third example. By combining physical and chemical mutations, the strain A 4041 becomes an asporogenous, catabolite derepressed mutant with rifamycin resistant and methionine, arginine auxotroph markers. The .alpha.-amylase activity reaches 200 units/ml. The fourth successful example of mutation in strain improvement is the glucoamylase-producing strain Aspergillus niger SP56, its enzyme activity is 20,000 units/ml, 4 times of that of the parental strain UV-11. Recently, recombinant DNA approach provides a worthwhile alternative strategy to industrial strain improvement. This technique had been used by us to increase the thermostable .alpha.-amylase production and on some genetic researches.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.279-284
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• 2007

Solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation leads to distinct changes in the skin connective tissues by degradation of collagen, which is a major structural component in the extracellular matrix. UV irradiation induces the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) capable of attacking native fibrillar collagen and responsible for inhibiting the construction of collagenous extracellular matrix. In this study, we attempted to investigate the protective actions of Rubus coreanus ethanol extract (RCE) on the MMP production and the consequent procollagen/collagen degradation in UV-B-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts. The analytical data showed that Rubus coreanus ethanol extract was mostly comprised of cyanidin 3-rutinoside. Pre-treatment of fibroblasts with this extract inhibited UV-B-induced production of MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13 in dose-dependent manners. In addition, Western blot analysis and immunocytochemical staining assay revealed that RCE markedly augmented the cellular levels of procollagen/collagen declined in UV-B-exposed dermal fibroblasts. These results demonstrate that RCE blocks UV-B-induced increase of the collagen degradation by inhibiting MMP production. Thus, RCE may act as an agent inhibiting excessive dermal collagen degradation leading to the skin photoaging.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.317-320
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• 1994

An experiment was carried out with village chicken at the laying stage raised on the semi-intensive system on three feeding treatments with each of 30 birds replicated three times. The three feeding treatments were: layer mash only, layer mash and corn as choices and choices of a high protein concentrate and corn. Feed and protein intake was significantly higher for birds on the layer mash and lower for birds on the choices of a high protein and corn diet. There was no differences in egg production for the birds fed the layer mash either alone or a choice with corn but lower for the birds on the choices of a high protein feed and corn. There was no differences in egg weight and gross efficiency for all treatments. The practice of choice feeding layer mash and corn could be adopted by farmers rearing village chicken under the semi-intensive system due to the lower cost.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.42-65
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• 1992

To survey the specialties or sujects of practice displayed by the private practitioners the authors visited 691 clinics in Taegu from April 1 to May 18, 1991, At the same time, a mail questionnaire was administered to ask the number of displayed subjects of practice, and the reasons for displaying the subjects, reasons for not displaying in case of no specialty was displayed, composition of patients, and role as a specialist. The questionnaire was returned by 308(44.6%) practitioners. The distributions of private practitioners by specialty were 13.9% for internal medicine (IM), 11.7% for pediatrics(Ped), 13.0% for obstetrics '||'&'||' gynecology(OBGY), 11.1% for general surgery(GS), 10.0% for family practice(FP), and 5.3% for general practitioner(GP). Ninety percent of the specialists have displayed their specialty in their offices. Among all the private practitioners, 61.9% of them have displayed their subjects of practice and 23.7% have shown telephone number. Among private practitioners who displayed the subjects of practice, 80.6% have signs of 'subjects of practice'. Mean number of the displayed subjects of practice for the all private practitioners is 1.20, and 1.93 for the private practitioners who displayed subjects of practice. FP and GS have displayed their subjects of practice in 91.2% and 87.0% respectively and OBGY have displayed in 32.2%, the lowest percentage among all the soecuaktues. IM specialists displays pediatrics as a major subject of practice in 72.1% the pediatricians display IM in 88.9% the OBGYs display pediatrics in 77.8%, and the GSs display IM in 51.9%. Most commonly displayed subjects of practice are Ped and IM. Sixty-five percent of the private practitioners answered that they don't display their specialties because their clinics are "primary health care facility". The reasons for displaying the subjects of practice and its relevance with their own specialty(45.6%), and the difficulty in clinic management only with the patients for their own specialty(36.9%). The proportion of clinics whose patients of other specialty are than their own specialty accounted less than 10% was 52.8% and that accounted more than 51% was 16.0%. Specially, 51.4% of GS specialists cared more than 51% of patients of other specialty area than their own specialty. Most of the patients of IM, Ped, and OBGY specialists are the patients of their own specialty. However, 56.8% of GS care more of IM patients and only 24.3% of them care mostly GS patients, The respondents to the mail questionnaire who stated that they can not play the role of specialist well are 30.5% and especially 72.9% of the GS specialists state so. The proportion of respondents who do not suffort the private practice of specialists is 71.1%. Among the surgical specialists, 82.7% of them rarely perform operation. The reasons for not performing operation are insufficient insurance fee (76.9%), and risk of operation(58.0%), so as the OBGY specialists. Above finidngs suggest that most of the specialists, especially surgeons, in the private practice can not play their role as a specialist. It is necessary to develop a policy that facilitates the production of practice and the retention of the specialists in the hospitals.s.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권6호
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• pp.799-805
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• 2009

산림바이오매스 자원의 소규모 난방에너지 이용을 위한 시스템 구축에 있어 목재칩의 연료 활용을 목적으로 목재칩 연료 생산단계에서의 비용분석과 에너지수지를 분석을 통해 산림바이오매스 자원의 에너지 이용 가능성을 검토하였다. 집재기계와 경사도별로 구분되어진 목재칩 생산 시스템에서 1 kg의 칩을 생산하기 위해 소요되는 총 생산비용은 195.45~210.54원/kg으로 산출되었으며, 에너지 투입률(%)분석에서는 26.58~27.38%의 에너지 투입률을 나타내었다. 경사도에 따른 에너지 투입률의 변화는 크지 않았으며, 생산비용의 경우와는 달리 타워야더 시스템인 시나리오 B가 트랙터 집재 시스템인 시나리오 A보다 에너지 투입률이 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제62권2호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2017

Crop production in rice paddy fields is of great importance because of declining rice consumption and the low self-sufficiency ratio for field crops in Korea. A controlled drainage system (CDS) is recognized as an effective means to adjust water table (WT) levels as needed and control soil water content to improve the soil environment for optimum crop growth. The present study evaluated the effects of a CDS on soil characteristics, including soil water distribution and soybean development in paddy fields. The CDS was installed with two drain spacing (3 m and 6 m) at the experimental paddy field at the National Institute of Crop Science, Miryang, Korea. It was managed with two WT levels (0.3 m and 0.6 m) during the growing season. Soil water content, electrical conductivity and plant available nitrogen content in the soil were significantly greater in the 0.3 m WT management plots than in the 0.6 m plot and the control. At the vegetative stage, chlorophyll content was significantly lower with higher WT control because of excess soil moisture, but it recovered after the flowering stage. Soybean yield increased with WT management and the 0.6 m WT treatment produced the greatest grain yield, $3.38ton\;ha^{-1}$, which was 50% greater than that of the control. The CDS directly influenced outflow through the drains, which significantly delayed nutrient loss. The results of this study indicated that WT management by CDS can influence soil characteristics and it is an important practice for high yielding soybean production in paddy fields, which should be considered the crop growth stages for stable crop production.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제104권1호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2015

본 연구는 주요 활엽수 조림수종인 느티나무, 참느릅나무, 거제수나무 및 피나무를 대상으로 세 가지 시비 처리($0.5g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, $1.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, $2.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$)에 따른 근원경, 간장, 물질생산량, 묘목품질지수 등 생장 특성을 조사 분석하여 시설양묘과정에서 실질적으로 적용 가능한 수종별 적정 시비기술을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 느티나무는 $2.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, 거제수나무는 $0.5g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 시비처리구에서 가장 우수한 생장 및 묘목품질을 나타냈는데, 시비수준에 따른 두 수종간의 생장 특성이 반대의 경향을 보인 것이다. 또한, 시비처리에 따른 참느릅나무와 피나무의 근원경과 간장 생장은 유의적 차이가 없었다. 그러나 묘목품질지수는 두 수종 모두 $0.5g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 시비처리구에서 가장 낮았으며, $1.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$과 $2.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 시비처리구 간 유의적 차이는 없었다. 따라서 묘목 품질과 함께 경제적, 환경적 측면을 고려했을 때 느티나무는 최소 $2.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, 참느릅나무와 피나무는 $1.0g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, 거제수나무는 최대 $0.5g{\cdot}L^{-1}$이 적정 시비 수준으로 판단된다. 수종별 적정 시비 수준(배액, 회수)의 적용으로 우량 묘목 생산 및 이와 연계된 조림성과 향상뿐만 아니라 환경오염 저감, 생산비용 절감 및 양묘 기간 단축 등 경제적 이점이 기대된다.