• 산업공학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

The purpose of this research was to develop an integrated interface for the usability test of systems or products in the design process. It is capable of automatically creating GOMS models which can predict human task performances. It can generate GOMS models to be interacted with the prototype interfaces. It can also effectively manage various design information and various usability test results to be implemented into the new product and/or system design. Thus we can perform usability test for products or system prototypes more effectively and also reduce time and effort required for this test. For usability tests, we established an integrated interface based on GOMS model by the LabVIEW program. We constructed the system that the linkage to GOMS model is available. Using this integrated interface, the menu structure of mobile phone can be constructed easily. User can design a depth and a breath that he want. The size of button and the label of the button is changable. The path to the goal can be defined by the user. Using a designed menu structure, the experiment could be performed. The results of GOMS model and the actual time are presented. Besides, values of operators of GOMS model can be defined as the value that user wants. Using the integrated interface that we developed, the optimal menu structure deducted. The menu structure that user wants can be established easily. The optimal layout and button size can be decided by comparison of numerous menu structures. User can choose the method of usability test among GOMS model and empirical data. Using this integrated interface, the time and costs can be saved and the optimal menu structure can be found easily.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.982-986
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• 2013

The noise emitted from construction machinery has long been a cause of environmental disputes, especially to the nearby residents. In 2008, the Ministry of Environment adopted the construction machinery noise labeling system to encourage the development of the low noise construction machinery. After the implementation of the noise labeling system of the construction machinery, the noise emitted from the construction machinery has been decreased over the six years. But, as the quality of life improves, a growing number of people desire more comfortable and quite living environment. Under the situation, new systems like the low noise labeling system are considered to encourage the development of the low noise construction machinery. In accordance with the low noise labeling system, the construction machinery satisfying the standard of low noise are qualified to attach the low noise label in front of the products. Thus, the product qualified the low noise certification will be incentivized by the choice of the consumer. In this paper, we have studied the necessity of the low noise labeling system for the construction machinery and the considerations to adopt the low noise labeling system of construction machinery. And we have studied appropriate criterion to judge the low noise construction machinery. The considerations studied in this paper will be helpful to adopt the low noise labeling system of construction machinery in the future.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.517-522
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate food allergens and prevalence rates of food allergies, followed by comparison of consumer attitudes and preferences regarding food allergy labeling by diagnosis of food allergies. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 543 individuals living in Seoul and Gyeonggi area participated in the survey from October 15 to 22 in 2013. RESULTS: The results show that the prevalence of doctor-diagnosed food allergies was 17.5%, whereas 6.4% of respondents self-reported food allergies. The most common allergens of doctor-diagnosed and self-reported food allergy respondents were peaches (30.3%) and eggs (33.3%), respectively, followed by peanuts, cow's milk, and crab. Regarding consumer attitudes toward food labeling, checking food allergens as an item was only significantly different between allergic and non-allergic respondents among all five items (P < 0.001). All respondents reported that all six items (bold font, font color, box frame, warning statement, front label, and addition of potential allergens) were necessary for an improved food allergen labeling system. PLSR analysis determined that the doctor-diagnosed group and checking of food allergens were positively correlated, whereas the non-allergy group was more concerned with checking product brands. CONCLUSIONS: An effective food labeling system is very important for health protection of allergic consumers. Additionally, government agencies must develop policies regarding prevalence of food allergies in Korea. Based on this information, the food industry and government agencies should provide clear and accurate food labeling practices for consumers.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.277-285
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• 2019

본 연구는 바코드나 큐알코드를 활용하는 데이터베이스를 개발하여 화장품 제조에 필요한 원료를 효과적으로 칭량하고 벌크 제조를 관리하는 시스템을 구축하기 위하여 수행하였다. 원료 라벨과 벌크 제조를 위한 칭량 라벨은 데이터베이스에 입력된 정보를 활용하여 Medi&Co의 프린트 컴포넌트인 ScriptX를 이용하여 웹 상에서 발행하였다. 칭량과 투입 과정을 스캐너와 태블릿, PC 등을 이용하여 확인하여 화장품 벌크 생산시 가장 많은 오류 원인인 오칭량이나 오투입에 의한 제품 이상 발생을 감소시킬 수 있었다. 결론적으로 바코드와 큐알코드를 활용하는 데이터베이스를 화장품 제조에 적용하면 공정 중에서 발생하는 여러 가지 문제점을 감소시켜 화장품의 품질관리와 생산성 효율을 증대시킬 수 있다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2019

Ceramide metabolism is known to be an essential etiology for various diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and Gaucher disease. Glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) is a key enzyme for the synthesis of glucosylceramide (GlcCer), which is a main ceramide metabolism pathway in mammalian cells. In this article, we developed a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method to determine GCS activity using synthetic non-natural sphingolipid C8-ceramide as a substrate. The reaction products, C8-GlcCer for GCS, could be separated on a C18 column by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quantification was conducted using the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode to monitor the precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z $588.6{\rightarrow}264.4$ for C8-GlcCer at positive ionization mode. The calibration curve was established over the range of 0.625-160 ng/mL, and the correlation coefficient was larger than 0.999. This method was successfully applied to detect GCS in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2 cells) and mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We also evaluated the inhibition degree of a known GCS inhibitor 1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP) on GCS enzymatic activity and proved that this method could be successfully applied to GCS inhibitor screening of preventive and therapeutic drugs for ceramide metabolism diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and Gaucher disease.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2022

제품을 생산하는 설비의 고장이나 이상 현상은 곧 제품의 결함 및 생산라인 가동 중단으로 이어져 제조 업체의 막대한 경제적 손실의 원인이 된다. 스마트팩토리 서비스의 확산으로 공장에서 많은 양의 데이터가 수집됨에 따라, 이를 활용하여 제조 현장의 효율이나 제조 설비의 고장 예측 및 진단을 위한 인공지능 기반의 연구가 활발히 이어지고 있다. 하지만 정상과 이상을 구분 짓는 레이블 정보가 명확하지 않고 이상에 대한 극심한 클래스 불균형을 가지는 제조 데이터의 특징으로 인하여 분류 모델이나 이상탐지 모델의 개발에는 큰 어려움이 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 딥러닝 모델의 재구성 손실값을 이용하여 제조 설비의 이상탐지를 위한 딥러닝 알고리즘을 제안하고 성능을 분석하였다. 해당 알고리즘은 이상 데이터를 제외한 설비의 제조 데이터, 즉 정상 데이터에만 의존하여 이상을 감지한다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2015

Purpose - Global trends play a part to change the structure of the fashion industry. In particular, companies attempting to conduct innovative marketing centering on such products as SPA brands are growing into global companies. SPA stands for "Specialty Store Retailer of Private Label Apparel", meaning its activities are fully integrated from manufacturing through sales, including material procurement design, product, distribution, inventory management, and final sales. For this reason, more understanding of individual corporate profitability is very sensitive to consumer's attitudinal changes. The effects that corporate marketing activities on customer lifetime value through brand attitude were analyzed based on a structural equation model. Rust suggested value equity, brand equity, and relationship equity as customer equity driver. The study examines Chinese consumer because China is the fastest growing fashion market in the world. Research design, data, and methodology - The survey targeted Chinese college student age 20s. Only respondents who had purchased SPA brands in the past year were included for this research. A total of 303, except for 47 missing data of 350 distributed questionnaires were included in this research. The questionnaire is consists of six part to measure value, brand, relationship equity, attitude toward brand, purchase intention and demographic characteristics. This research conducted exploratory factor analysis and reliability test. To verify research hypotheses, structural equation model test was conducted. As for customer equity, diversified models in consideration of the scope of acquisition data, a method of collection of data, influencing factor, and predictability were suggested based on a net present value model. However, the history of customer equity study is relatively short, and sufficient empirical analyses have not been conducted, so more integrated analysis is required. In this study, the concept of driver suggested by Rust was applied to figure out the effects that consumer's attitude has on customer equity. The customer equity driver suggested by them consists of brand equity, value equity, and relationship equity. Results - This study reveals that value equity and brand equity have a positive influence on relationship equity. And, relationship equity has a positive influence on purchase intention through brand attitude. However, value equity and brand equity do not influence on brand attitude. Conclusion - The results of this research generated following implications. First, SPA brands need to take advantage of their value equity such as perceived low price and up-to-date fashion style to attract Chinese young consumer. Second, strong brand equity promises dominants position in the competitive market. As Chinese fashion market grows rapidly, SPA brands can consider branding strategy such as flagship store and celebrity marketing enhancing brand image. Third, the core concept of customer equity strategy is to maintain a relationship with their expecting and existing customers. The relationship equity is built by brand equity and value equity. When SPA brands serves product and service meet with individual customers, customers have intimacy to the brands.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2013

The selective targeting of an integrin ${\alpha}_v{\beta}_3$ receptor using radioligands may enable the assessment of angiogenesis and integrin ${\alpha}_v{\beta}_3$ receptor status in tumors. The aim of this research was to label a peptidomimetic integrin ${\alpha}_v{\beta}_3$ antagonist (PIA) with $^{99m}Tc(CO)_3$ and to test its receptor targeting properties in nude mice bearing receptor-positive tumors. PIA was reacted with tris-succinimidyl aminotriacetate (TSAT) (20 mM) as a PIA per TSAT. The product, PIA-aminodiacetic acid (ADA), was radiolabeled with $[^{99m}Tc(CO)_3(H_2O)_3]^{+1}$, and purified sequentially on a Sep-Pak C-18 cartridge followed by a Sep-Pak QMA anion exchange cartridge. Using gradient C-18 reverse-phase HPLC, the radiochemical purity of $^{99m}Tc(CO)_3$-ADA-PIA (retention time, 10.5 min) was confirmed to be > 95%. Biodistribution analysis was performed in nude mice (n = 5 per time point) bearing receptor-positive M21 human melanoma xenografts. The mice were administered $^{99m}Tc(CO)_3$-ADA-PIA intravenously. The animals were euthanized at 0.33, 1, and 2 hr after injection for the biodistribution study. A separate group of mice were also co-injected with 200 ${\mu}g$ of PIA and euthanized at 1 hr to quantify tumor uptake. $^{99m}Tc(CO)_3$-ADA-PIA was stable in phosphate buffer for 21 hr, but at 3 and 6 hr, 7.9 and 11.5% of the radioactivity was lost as histidine, respectively. In tumor bearing mice, $^{99m}Tc(CO)_3$-ADA-PIA accumulated rapidly in a receptor-positive tumor with a peak uptake at 20 min, and rapid clearance from blood occurring primarily through the hepatobiliary system. At 20 min, the tumor-to-blood ratio was 1.8. At 1 hr, the tumor uptake was 0.47% injected dose (ID)/g, but decreased to 0.12% ID/g when co-injected with an excess amount of PIA, indicating that accumulation was receptor mediated. These results demonstrate successful $^{99m}TC$ labeling of a peptidomimetic integrin antagonist that accumulated in a tumor via receptor-specific binding. However, tumor uptake was very low because of low blood concentrations that likely resulted from rapid uptake of the agent into the hepatobiliary system. This study suggests that for $^{99m}Tc(CO)_3$-ADA-PIA to be useful as a tumor detection agent, it will be necessary to improve receptor binding affinity and increase the hydrophilicity of the product to minimize rapid hepatobiliary uptake.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.379-393
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• 2011

This study compared the college students' dietary behavior for processed foods, who will be the main consumers in the future and looked for the measures to understand and establish the right food labeling system by surveying the level of understanding and utilization of food labeling. The data was analysed by SPSS win 17.0 program, and the results are as follows. For the standard of selecting processed foods, the group with high nutrition knowledge considered the reliability of foods as important and the group with low nutrition knowledge considered the products introduced in TV commercial as important. When purchasing processed foods, the group with high nutrition knowledge considered nutrition, taste, price, appearance(shape), and the consumable period more than the group with low nutrition knowledge. For trans fat, the group with high nutrition knowledge learned more about it than the group with low nutrition knowledge. The ratio of confirming food nutrition label was higher in the group with high nutrition knowledge. Regarding the level of confirming individual food labels, the highest level was for milk and dairy products. And there was significant difference for the processed products of meat, cookies, bread and noodles. It was found that the level of confirmation was higher in the group with high nutrition knowledge. And the most important indication for individual food product was the consumable period. To preserve the purchased foods, the group with high nutrition knowledge preserve the foods in line with the description written on the food cover sheet, and this group used to return or exchange the products when they found them spoiled or purchased by mistake. The group with high nutrition knowledge knew more about the nutrition indication than the group with low nutrition knowledge. The necessity of nutrition indication for processed foods and the need of education and PR(Public Relation) were acknowledged higher in the group with high nutrition knowledge. For the effect of nutrition indication, it showed that the group with high nutrition knowledge thought it would improve the quality and the group with low nutrition knowledge thought it would be helpful when comparing the product with others. The group with high nutrition knowledge showed higher understanding level about nutrition indication than the group with low nutrition knowledge.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2018

E-commerce 환경의 발전으로 소비자들은 다양한 상품들을 한 자리에서 폭 넓게 비교할 수 있게 되었다. 하지만 온라인 쇼핑몰에 올라와있는 상당량의 주요 상품 정보들이 이미지 형태이기 때문에 컴퓨터가 인지할 수 있는 텍스트 기반 검색 시스템에 반영될 수 없다는 한계가 존재한다. 이러한 한계점은 일반적으로 기존 기계학습 기술 및 OCR(Optical Character Recognition) 기술을 활용해, 이미지 형태로 된 키워드를 인식함으로써 개선할 수 있다. 그러나 기존 OCR 기술은 이미지 안에 글자가 아닌 그림이 많고 글자 크기가 작으면 낮은 인식률을 보인다는 문제가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 기존 기술들의 한계점을 해결하기 위하여, 딥러닝 기반 사물인식 모형 중 하나인 SSD(Single Shot MultiBox Detector)를 개조하여 이미지 형태의 상품 카탈로그 내의 텍스트 인식모형을 설계하였다. 하지만 이를 학습시키기 위한 데이터를 구축하는 데 상당한 시간과 비용이 필요했는데, 이는 지도학습의 방법론을 따르는 SSD 모형은 훈련 데이터마다 직접 정답 라벨링을 해줘야 하기 때문이다. 본 연구는 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 '훈련 데이터 자동 생성 프로그램'을 함께 개발하였다. 훈련 데이터 자동 생성 프로그램을 통해 수작업으로 데이터를 만드는 것에 비하여 시간과 비용을 대폭 절감할 수 있었으며, 생성된 훈련용 데이터를 통해 모형의 인식 성능을 높일 수 있었다. 더 나아가 실험연구를 통해 자동으로 생성된 훈련 데이터의 특징별로 인식기 모형의 성능에 얼마나 큰 영향을 끼치는지 알아보고, 성능 향상에 효과적인 데이터의 특징을 분석하였다. 본 연구를 통해서 개발된 상품 카탈로그 내 텍스트 인식모형과 훈련 데이터 자동 생성 프로그램은 온라인 쇼핑몰 판매자들의 상품 정보 등록 수고를 줄여줄 수 있으며, 구매자들의 상품 검색 시 결과의 정확성을 향상시키는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.