• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 1982

In order to develop an analytical method for amikacin and butirosin in presence of their parent antibiotics, kanamycin A and ribostamycin, high-performance liquid chromatographic technique and microbioassay method were evaluated and compared. Using high performance liquid chromatography, two acylated antibiotics, amikacin and butirosin was partially separated from their parent antibiotics, to provide a qualitative analytical method. In microbioassay using Pseudomonas aeruginosa TI-13, a producer of aminoglycoside-3-phosphotransferase I, only acylated antibiotics were selectively analyzed when paper disc-susceptibility assay was used. The standard curve showed a good correlation between the response and odse in semilogarithmic plat with correlation coefficients above 0.96, and analytical deviation from expected dose was within 10%.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.24-33
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• 2015

This study attempted to identify the effects that would be brought about by the value inclination of agricultural and livestock products producers upon the intention to produce environment -friendly products. In this study, We analyzed the data used in Yang et al.(2014) with producers of agricultural and livestock products in Incheon-si and Gyeonggi-do. Total of 149 valid questionnaires were corrected and value inclination as divided into individualism orientation and collectivism orientation, it has been tried to identify whether the intention to produce environment-friendly products would vary with producer's orientation or not. According to the analysis result, individualism, collectivism perceived public certification and shard value were positive effect on production intention of environment-friendly product. This can be said to have been an attempt to establish a more effective and specific strategy through identifying the characteristics of producers that must be considered first of all in the process of establishing policies.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.160-197
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to review research trends and issues of economic geography in Korea for the last fifty years by sub-fields of agricultural geography, industrial geography, commercial and service geography, and transportation geography. Research in Korean economic geography has progressed significantly in terms of the scope and the number of papers published during the last a half a century. Agricultural geography was a leading field of economic geography in Korea before mid-1970s. Since the mid-1970s, however, agricultural geography has turned over the leading role in economic geography to industrial geography. Classification and structure of agricultural region has been the most popular research theme in Korea, even though diverse topics has been dealt in the research of agricultulal geography in Korea during the last fifty years. In recent years, emphasis is given to study on the dynamics of agricultural region and regional differentiation of part-time farming. It is suggested that the future issues of research in agricultural geography in Korea are agricultural restructuring and changes in agricultural space under the WTO system, changes in rural area and agricultural region with the progress of informatization, changes in agricultural structures and rural society by the increase of part-time farming, governments agricultulal policy and its impacts, competitive advantages of Korean agricultulal products, and environmental impacts of agricultural restructuring. Research in industrial geography has remarkably progressed since the 1980s. Locational changes, regional industrial structure and formation of industrial region were the major topics of interest in the research of industrial geography in Korea before 1980. Since the early 1980s, in addition to the topics which were interested in before 1980, changes of industrial organization and industrial location, changes of production systems and industrial space development of high technology industries and science parks, industrial restructuring and regional economy, foreign direct investments, industrial linkages and industrial districts, and industrial policy and regional development have been the major research themes of industrial geography in Korea. Considerable number of papers has been published both in Korean journals and in foreign journals during this period. Considering global changes in the organization of industrial space, future research should be more focused on firms strategy for regaining competitive advantages, local and global perspectives of industry, industry and environmental changes, in addition to the topics which have been dealt in recent years. Research in commercial and service geography and transportation geography was negligible in Korea before the late 1970s. These two sub-fields in economic geography have begun to develop since 1980s. Periodic markets, structure of commercial area, and distribution of products were the major topics of interest in the 1980s in the commercial and service geography in Korea. In the 1990s, however reserch in producer services has been active with growth of producer services in Korean economy. It is suggested that regional changes with progress of informatization and technology, changes of international trade and regional changes, development of efficient distribution system, role of producer services in regional development, and network of producer services are the major issues to be studied in the future in the field of commercial and service geography in Korea. Commuting, distribution of products, and transportation networks have been the major topics of research in transportation geography in Korea. Diverse quantitative techniques have been applied in the most of the researches in transportation geography. It is required that future studies in transportation geography should also focus on societal and behavioral issues, policy issues regional impacts of new transportation facilities, an analysis of transportation system at the global or international level. Since the 1980s economic geography in Korea has considerably progressed with publication of papers and books. The progress can be regarded as successful in quantitative aspect, but not in quantitative aspects. For the development of Korean economic geography in both quantitative and qualitative aspects, it is necessary to promote international collaborative researches and interdisciplinary cooperations. Attention should also be given to the research on changes in competitive advantages and economic restructuring, changes of economic space with the development of high technology and the progress of informatization. economic development and culture. and foreign regional studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.307-307
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• 2017

There is a growing need to understand how local, farm household, and elementary units are responding to changes in agricultural conditions due to increased internal and external agrarian conditions and increased uncertainty in agricultural management due to increasing FTA and climate change. Therefore, we analyze dynamics of changes through more detailed and precise gathering of information related to agricultural products and DB, and by analyzing the satisfaction level of the first year panel survey by constructing a producer panel for utilization in agricultural research and policy. A total of 500 farmers in the producer panel who mainly grow rice, garlic, onion, strawberry, apple were collected through questionnaires. The actual analysis used data from a total of 393 farm households, including 82 farms of rice, 51 farms of apple, 100 farms of garlic, 88 farms of onion and 72 farmhouses of strawberry. The distribution by age was similar to the distribution of rural ages in Korea, with 2.8% under 30s, 17.6% in 40s, 32.4% in 50s, 37.5% in 60s and 9.7% in 70s. Panel happiness and rural life satisfaction were examined using the 7 - point Likert scale and the analysis method was one - way ANOVA. The results showed that the happiness of garlic and strawberry cultivator was significantly higher than that of rice and onion cultivator. However, the satisfaction of rural life did not show any difference among the cultivars. As a result of difference verification about Agricultural Outlook and Crop-specific Outlook after 5 years, there was no difference between the crops in terms of prospects for Korean agriculture after five years, but a survey of industrial prospects for crops after five years showed that the rice growers have a significantly negative outlook compared to garlic, onion and strawberry growers, and garlic and onion growers have a more positive outlook than rice and apple growers As a result of verifying whether there is a difference in ages between the agricultural prospects and the industrial prospects by crops after 5 years, there was no difference between the ages of prospects for Korean agriculture after 5 years, However, in the survey on industrial prospects by crops after 5 years, 40s were more positive than 60s.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.194-205
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• 1989

In order to study the biomass of primary producer, phytoplankton is collected monthly September 1985 to August 1986 in Ch$\check{o}$nsu Bay. Phytoplankton carbon contents which are calculated from phytoplankton volume were ranged from $26.7{\mu}gC/l$ to $960.7{\mu}gC/l$, and average carbon contents of each month lie in the range of $58.6-684.7{\mu}gC/l$(annual mean $208.5{\mu}gC/l$). For net plankton analysis with the carbon contents, cell numbers, and chlorophyll concentrations show a close correlation, while for nanoplankton the correlation was low, indicating that nano-fraction includes a significant portion of picoplankton. Also, the multiple regression analysis with carbon content, cell number, and chlorophyll concentration to size fraction well illustrate the prime importance of the net-fraction in phytoplankton group. C/Chl-a ratios ranged from 9.1 to 100.5, average rations of net- and nanoplankton are 111 and 6.4, respectively. The greater net plankton faction is, the higher C/Chl-a ratio is, however in case of high nanoplankton portion C/Chl-a ratio show low level. These results indicate that the difference of C/Chl-a ratio per phytoplankton cell size be main factor for the variation of C/Chl-a ratio in Ch$\check{o}$nsu Bay. As C/Chl-a ratio fluctuates greatly in coastal ecosystem, that use of a direct conversion of convert chlorophyll to organic carbon may lead erronous estimation.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.601-608
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• 2009

The 2-deoxystreptamine and paromamine are two key intermediates in kanamycin biosynthesis. In the present study, pSK-2 and pSK-7 recombinant plasmids were constructed with two combinations of genes: kanABK, and kanABKF and kacA respectively from kanamycin producer Streptomyces kanamyceticus ATCC12853. These plasmids were heterologously expressed into Streptomyces lividans TK24 independently and generated two recombinant strains named S. lividans SK-2/SL and S. lividans SK-7/SL, respectively. ESI/ MS and ESI-LC/MS analysis of the metabolite from S. lividans SK-2/SL showed that the compound had a molecular mass of 163 $[M+H]^+$, which corresponds to that of 2-deoxystreptamine. ESI/MS and MS/MS analysis of metabolites from S. lividans SK-7/SL demonstrated the production of paromamine with a molecular mass of $324[M+H]^+$. In this study, we report the production of paromamine in a heterologous host for the first time. This study will evoke to explore complete biosynthetic pathways of kanamycin and related aminoglycoside antibiotics.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.794-805
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• 2018

To identify correlation between fresh meat and processed meat products, we performed canonical correlation analysis (CCA) to predict the relationship between pork supply and meat product production in Korea. Results of CCA showed a canonical correlation of 0.8576 in the first canonical pair (p<0.01). The production of meat products showed the highest correlation with pork import but the lowest correlation with the production of domestic pork. Although Korean consumer preferred meat products produced by fresh domestic pork, inexpensively imported pork with high share in meat products was supplied in the market. Therefore, securing domestically produced raw meat is important for expanding consumption of domestic meat products. Results of this study suggest that meat processor and pig producer can achieve the $6^{th}$ industrialization by combining the production of raw pork materials, meat processing, and sales service.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.83-88
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• 2009

Amino acid homology analysis predicted that rbmD, a putative glycosyltransferase from Streptomyces ribosidificus ATCC 21294, has the highest homology with neoD in neomycin biosynthesis. S. fradiae BS1, in which the production of neomycin was abolished, was generated by disruption of the neoD gene in the neomycin producer S. fradiae. The restoration of neomycin by self complementation suggested that there was no polar effect in the mutant. In addition, S. fradiae BS6 was created with complementation by rbmD in S. fradiae BS1, and secondary metabolite analysis by ESI/MS, LC/MS and MS/MS showed the restoration of neomycin production in S. fradiae BS6. These gene inactivation and complementation studies suggested that, like neoD, rbmD functions as a 2-N-acetlyglucosaminyltransferase and demonstrated the potential for the generation of novel aminoglycoside antibiotics using glycosyltransferases in vivo.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.731-739
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• 2006

A bacterial strain HJ-14 was isolated as a producer of antioxidants from the coast of Jinhae in Korea. The isolate showed 43.4mol% of G+C content, and contained dihydrogenated ubiquinone with Q8 as a major quinone. Chemotaxonomic analysis as well as phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rDNA sequence, identified the isolate as a member of Alteromonas macleodii. For antioxidant production, the optimum medium composition was determined to be 3% dextrin, 0.5% ammonium sulfate, and 2-6% sodium chloride. Optimum culture conditions for production of antioxidant materials with strain HJ-14 were at pH 6.0-8.0 and $25-37^{\circ}C$. The chloroform extract of strain HJ-14 broth showed 1.96-17.5-fold higher antioxidant activity than other organic solvents in term of electron donating ability.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.411-416
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• 2013

In Korea, bean curd is one of most important foods and bean curd industry keeps growing. Korean bean curd industry has complicated structure with a few large-scale manufacturers and many small-size manufacturers, which causes difficulty in figuring the strategy for the promotion of bean curd industry. In order to solve this problem, more specific studies are required. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the production sector of Korean bean curd and to present the implications for the promotion of Korean bean curd industry. Survey analyses to producers was conducted for this research. The results of studies present a few findings: First, the solution for the easier purchase of raw material (soybean) should be prepared. Second, the support for marketing as well as R&D to small-size manufacturers is required. Third, the monitoring and controlling of unfair trading in bean curd market should be strengthened. Forth, the certification programs for the bean curd products should be managed.