• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.790-801
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to generate a grounded theory of how families with kidney donor or recipient coped with kidney transplantations. Interview data from twelve families involved in kidney transplants was analyzed using the grounded theory method. Data analysis revealed that “protecting the family” was the main theme that represented family member experiences. In order to maintain family function and to protect the family from breaking up, family members had to adjust the family structure from the traditional style of a husband-centered family, to one that was patient health -centered. The process of this adjustment was a very long and difficult one, taking several years from the recognition of the kidney disease to the kidney transplants. Family members, especially spouses, employed nine different strategies to deal with various problems and conflicts which occurred during the process : 1) paying attention to the patient's illness and complications ; 2) accepting the patient's illness as the family's illness as well ; 3) managing the patient's illness and complications that occured ; 4) being thrifty ; 5)supporting the kidney donor ; 6) accepting and replacing the lost roles of the patient ; 7) keeping composure and encouraging the patient ; 8) sustaining the patient's independence ; 9) self-restraining sexual desires. These findings suggest that there is a developmental process where family members adjust to a kidney transplant over time. There is also a need for increased social and psychological health services for all family members over the course of kidney transplants.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.163-178
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• 2023

GARCH-X(1, 1) model specifies that conditional variance follows an AR(1) process and includes a past exogenous variable. This study proposes a new class from that model by allowing a more general (non-linear) variance function to follow an AR(1) process. The functions applied to the variance equation include exponential, Tukey's ladder, and Yeo-Johnson transformations. In the framework of normal and student-t distributions for return errors, the empirical analysis focuses on two stock indices data in developed countries (FTSE100 and SP500) over the daily period from January 2000 to December 2020. This study uses 10-minute realized volatility as the exogenous component. The parameters of considered models are estimated using the adaptive random walk metropolis method in the Monte Carlo Markov chain algorithm and implemented in the Matlab program. The 95% highest posterior density intervals show that the three transformations are significant for the GARCHX(1, 1) model. In general, based on the Akaike information criterion, the GARCH-X(1, 1) model that has return errors with student-t distribution and variance transformed by Tukey's ladder function provides the best data fit. In forecasting value-at-risk with the 95% confidence level, the Christoffersen's independence test suggest that non-linear models is the most suitable for modeling return data, especially model with the Tukey's ladder transformation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5791-5797
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• 2012

Introduction: Return-to-work (RTW) can be a problematic occupational issue with detrimental impact on the quality of life of previously-employed breast cancer survivors. This study explored barriers and facilitators encountered during the RTW process in the area of cancer survivorship. Materials and Methods: Six focus groups were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide on 40 informants (employed multiethnic survivors). Survivors were stratified into three groups for successfully RTW, and another three groups of survivors who were unable to return to work. Each of the three groups was ethnically homogeneous. Thematic analysis using a constant comparative approach was aided by in vivo software. Results: Participants shared numerous barriers and facilitators which directly or interactively affect RTW. Key barriers were physical-psychological after-effects of treatment, fear of potential environment hazards, high physical job demand, intrusive negative thoughts and overprotective family. Key facilitators were social support, employer support, and regard for financial independence. Across ethnic groups, the main facilitators were financial-independence (for Chinese), and socialisation opportunity (for Malay). A key barrier was after-effects of treatment, expressed across all ethnic groups. Conclusions: Numerous barriers were identified in the non-RTW survivors. Health professionals and especially occupational therapists should be consulted to assist the increasing survivors by providing occupational rehabilitation to enhance RTW amongst employed survivors. Future research to identify prognostic factors can guide clinical efforts to restore cancer survivors to their desired level/type of occupational functioning for productivity and wellbeing.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.405-418
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 일본과 우리나라의 농촌 지역의 사회적 경제에 관하여 사례연구를 하고, 농촌 사회적 경제와 사회적 기업 발전을 위한 시사점을 제시하고자 하였다. 일본("미래·꿈·쿤마")과 우리나라("나눔푸드")를 사회적 기업의 분석틀(사회적 목적, 경영의 자립성, 지역순환경제의 창출과 행정 역할)에 따라 사례연구한 결과, 주로 지역주민에 대한 사회적 일자리를 제공하는 사회적 목적을 실현하는 사회적 기업이며, 농촌 지역순환경제를 창출하고, 지역경제의 활성화에 이바지한다 라는 유사점이 나타났다. 차이점으로는 시민주도형 사회적 경제조직(NPO법인 "미래·꿈·쿤마")에 대한 부분적·한시적인 지원으로 그치는 일본 행정기관과는 다르게 우리 행정기관에서는 주도적으로 "나눔푸드"의 창립 이전부터 다양하게 지원해왔으며, 현재까지도 간접 지원해주고 있는 것으로 드러났다. 사례연구 결과에 따른 시사점으로, 지역사회에 기반한 사회적 경제 공동체의 구축, 경영 자립성 향상을 위한 사회적 금융 지원의 강화, 농촌 사회적 기업의 역량 강화와 인너텟 쇼핑몰의 효율적 관리 등을 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.248-273
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• 2019

본 연구는 근대 독일 작센-마이닝겐 공국의 군주 '게오르크 2세 공작'의 연극관과 연출론에 대해 마이닝거 프린?에 기초하여 그의 동시대적 맥락에서 고찰하였다. 그는 연극을 국내외 현실을 중재하고 국위를 고양하기 위한 합목적적 매체로 활용한 연극-문화정치가이자 제작자 겸 연출자였다. 지면 여건상 그의 연출론을 중심으로 요약하면, 그는 마이닝겐 극단에서 종합예술작품인 연극의 창조를 목표로 하여, 희곡 원전을 작가의 대변자적 입장에서 상연하는 연출 방법론을 수립하였다. 그의 전제적인 연출법에 수반된 포괄적 역사주의, 학술적 선행연구, 원전에 충실한 해석과 완결된 앙상블 효과를 위한 목적연출, 제작 단계별 분업과 협업, 배우의 개성과 앙상블 연기 중시, 체계적인 배우훈련과 철저한 리허설 실행 및 배우연극의 스타시스템과 전문역 같은 낡은 관행과 관습의 배격 등은 연극창조의 새로운 가치관과 실천 체계로서 혁신적인 것이었다. 그는 연출(자)의 독립과 독자성을 수립하며 근대 연출자연극의 새로운 지평을 열었고, 이로써 근 현대 연출가연극을 위한 토대를 놓았다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제14권1_4호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2007

The results of researching on duties of physical therapist, understanding of elderly diseases and policies related with elderly welfare came out from the survey before beginning of education to physical therapists who attended National Elderly Welfare Physical Therapist Workshop during Sep. 11th to 14th, 2007. They have already understood about long-term elderly care insurance from the policy, and responded that those policies will bring more advantage to elders. On contrary, negative response had reason of low service quality. About elderly care system, there were positive answer of appropriate alternatives to support them, but also other critics had opinion of inevitable choice for living conservation. About understanding of elderly diseases, there were more comprehension of diseases as age gets higher, but most did not understand dementia and paralysis. Past experience and process of medical treatment for their disease were such arthritis, paralysis, broken bone, and dislocation of joint. Prognosis of technical training was mostly answered positively, but linking with other related disease programs were not welcomed. Most respondents thought that professional training were needed. The results of understanding diseases during senescent had high percentage of understanding as age and education was high, and it had eye upon statistics of the survey (p < 0.05) Most of those questioned responded that it is appropriate to have six working days per week and eight hours of daily work, however, present wage is not reasonable. Most of those questioned had negative response of work independence, and had an-swered that there should be certificates needed in related fields. For difficulties during work period, they had hardship instituting direction of treatment by lack of program, level of wage, and physical difficulties. Physical therapists averagely wished to have fewer than thirty patients per therapist. After the research, physical therapists who work in those facilities of elderly care systems agreed on policies, though it should not lower service quality. In addition, they were pros to have elderly care system, yet they are still inevitable option to maintain living. For work environment, the period of work was appropriate, but had different opinions for work independence and regular number of patients. Therefore, there should be more organized treatment program that also should be linked to other practical programs at this beginning point of the policy enforcement and the time that many therapists hope to work in elderly care system.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.159-163
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• 2008

최근의 우리나라 타이포그래피의 트랜드가 다양해지고 있다. 그 중에서 2005년 이후에 나타난 트랜드가 캘리그라피인데 일반적인 담론은 우연의 현상으로 보고 있는 것이 현실이다. 그러나 한글캘리그래피의 태동은 한글타이포그라피에 관심이 있어 지켜보는 관점에서는 전혀 그렇지가 않다. 그 이유는 한글의 기계화가 미국이나 일본보다 늦어서이다. 우리나라는 일본에 병합되고 6.25민족동란을 겪으면서 경제적 자립이 늦어지고 그에 맞는 문화적인 발전도 늦어졌다. 우리글인 한글이 자립한 시점도 1990년 초반으로 컴퓨터의 도입과 함께 한글의 원도를 스캔하여 기본적인 기틀을 구축함과 시기를 같이한다. 80년대 후반부터 한글에 자주화에 많은 노력이 있었으나 소프트웨어적인 문제보다 한글은 하드웨어적인 부분의 어려움을 겪었다. 90년대 초반에는 주로 기본적인 글자생활을 하기위한 명조나 고딕체등 최정호의 서체를 컴퓨터라는 하드웨어에 끼워 맞추는 것이 전부였다면 그 이후 90년대 후반까지는 새로운 아이디어와 기획되어진 서체를 디자인적으로 양식화된 서체를 만들어 보급하는데 중점을 두었던 시대라 할 수 있다. 2000년대에 들어서서는 한국서체회사의 양대 메이저라고 할 수 있는 산돌글자은행과 윤디자인연구소가 새롭게 만들어 선보인 서체들이 산돌글자은행의 '옛멋글씨'(주로 한글개발이후 목판본)를 윤디자인연구소는 서예느낌이 나는 '필' 시리즈를 내놓음으로 손 글씨의 맛을 디자인 시장에 맛보였다. 이러한 반복된 과정은 지금의 캘리그래프로 나가는 자연스러운 원동력이 되었고 이 양대 메이저의 회사의 역할은 지금의 캘리그래피의 시대를 낳는 자연스러운 산파역할을 했다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.370-388
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• 2015

The localization of multi-agents, such as people, animals, or robots, is a requirement to accomplish several tasks. Especially in the case of multi-robotic applications, localization is the process for determining the positions of robots and targets in an unknown environment. Many sensors like GPS, lasers, and cameras are utilized in the localization process. However, these sensors produce a large amount of computational resources to process complex algorithms, because the process requires environmental mapping. Currently, combination multi-robots or swarm robots and sensor networks, as mobile sensor nodes have been widely available in indoor and outdoor environments. They allow for a type of efficient global localization that demands a relatively low amount of computational resources and for the independence of specific environmental features. However, the inherent instability in the wireless signal does not allow for it to be directly used for very accurate position estimations and making difficulty associated with conducting the localization processes of swarm robotics system. Furthermore, these swarm systems are usually highly decentralized, which makes it hard to synthesize and access global maps, it can be decrease its flexibility. In this paper, a simple pyramid RAM-based Neural Network architecture is proposed to improve the localization process of mobile sensor nodes in indoor environments. Our approach uses the capabilities of learning and generalization to reduce the effect of incorrect information and increases the accuracy of the agent's position. The results show that by using simple pyramid RAM-base Neural Network approach, produces low computational resources, a fast response for processing every changing in environmental situation and mobile sensor nodes have the ability to finish several tasks especially in localization processes in real time.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-58
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• 2006

Design policy in Korea has been dealt as one of the industrial policies in economic policies, and it can be classified as government driven. A problem derived from this is that previous design policies have only pursued creating material values, and have overlooked the emotional values of design, such as creating cultural identity of Korea and cultural independence through it. Therefore, a new mindset of 'Cultural Era of Design' and a new role of 'Designers as Producers of Culture' must be in the strategy and system for supporting the design in Korea. This study can be divided into three major parts. First part compares and examines current design policies of Korea to seek more suitable design policies. Second part suggests a new direction for design policy by analyzing the ideas and cases of such policies. Third part surveys designers and people in related fields to collect opinions about design policies in Korea to propose directions for new design policies and ways to evaluate them. The object of this process is to find out how they, in the center of design and cultural industries, see and follow the policies. It will aid the narrowing of perceptual gap between them and the developers of policies.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.105-109
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• 2007

Aging society appears immediate social problem in Korea. Housing for aging is required independent and comfortable housing life to live considering about feature of elderly. It is necessary field to prepare. Aged person who suffers the aging process several stages gets changing weak, so living environment is important aging person aspect of social, psychological and physical point. Finally, aged person living together requires facilities for the naturally communicating and active things. Community of aged person required organization of space for keeping independence and connection with each other. According to space of community, housing for aging should have a different access route. In conclusion, congregate housing of the elderly should be planed organization of space to be solved anxiety and tension and to be aware of joining the community.