• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effect of macroeconomic and non-macroeconomic determinants of capital flight. Research design, data and methodology: With five determinants, this survey was conducted by Eviews 10, and the ordinary least squares (OLS) as a statistical method was applied for examining the research hypothesis. The five determinants are a budget deficit, economic growth, inflation rate, the exchange rate, and sovereign rating. The capital flight measurement uses the World Bank residual approach. The data derive from the Central Bank of Indonesia, BPS-Statistics Indonesia, OECD, and Moody's Investor Service. Results: The result considers that economic growth, the exchange rate, and the sovereign rating will decrease capital flight. In addition, the budget deficit and the inflation rate will increase capital flight. The sovereign rating decreases capital flight bigger than the other determinants. In addition, the exchange rate is statistically significant. Conclusions: The most influential problem of capital flight in Indonesia is because of non-macroeconomics factor political issue, corruption, bad regulation, and others. That's why the investment climate in Indonesia is still not secure. We propose that the regime would have to amend the business rule for reducing capital, raising the investment climate, and demonstrating the creative industry.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.361-371
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• 2010

본 논문은 국내유가증권 상장기업들을 대상으로 영업부채가 관행적인 영업상 지급결제역할 이외에도 해당기업의 주요한 재원조달역할 및 정보창출기능도 수행하는지를 분석하였다. 국내기업들의 경우 정보관련 비용부담이 큰 기업일수록 영업부채 의존도가 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 납품기업에 의한 영업부채가 구매기업관련 신용정보 서비스를 제공하고 있으며, 이로 인해 정보비대칭관련 비용부담이 큰 구매기업들에게 매우 효과적인 재원이 될 수 있음을 나타내는 결과이다. 그러나 재벌소속 기업들의 경우에도 상대적으로 영업부채 의존도가 높은 것으로 나타났는데, 이러한 결과는 재벌소속 기업들이 비재벌소속 기업들에 비해 구매력 우위를 바탕으로 납품기업들로부터 영업부채 제공을 더 많이 받기 때문인 것으로 분석되었다. 한편, 영업부채를 많이 사용하는 기업들은 은행으로부터의 차입이 상대적으로 적은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 영업부채와 은행부채가 정보관련 비용부담이 큰 기업들에게 상호 대체재일 가능성을 증거한다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2016

UFMC(Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier)는 최근 5G통신 시스템의 전송방식 후보로 주목 받고 있는 다중 반송파 송신기술 중의 하나이다. UFMC는 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex)의 단순함과 FBMC(Filter Bank Multi-Carrier)의 장점을 합쳐놓은 방식으로 볼 수 있다. CFO(Carrier Frequency Offset)는 다중 반송파 전송방식에서 부 반송파간의 불일치를 일으켜 BER 성능을 낮게 하는 문제점으로 작용하고 있다. UFMC에서의 CFO영향은 OFDM 보다는 크지 않지만 여전히 부 밴드간의 간섭을 일으켜 시스템 성능을 열화 시키고 있다. 이 논문에서는 UFMC에서 CFO의 변화와 EsNo값에 따른 SNR 열화를 분석 하였다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2019

Purpose - Nowadays financial technology is crucial for each organization to facilitate business transactions and make them easier. This paper was conducted with the purpose of determining the effect of fintech including services e-payment, bills e-payment, ways of payment and bank accounts with e-government on facilitating e-government services in terms of availability, accessibility, efficiency and responsiveness. Research design, data, and methodology - The problem of this paper is summarized in the lack of studies in this subject. So, a survey was applied on 400 respondents in Egypt to investigate the impact of fintech on facilitating e-government services, in order to determine which fintech item can affect any of facilitating services dimensions. Results - The results revealed that bank accounts with e-government doesn't affect any of facilitating services dimension, while each of the remain items has an effect on some dimensions and does not has effect on others. Conclusions - Data analysis revealed that the most obstacles that face respondents resulted in the weakness of internet networks, lack of efficient employees in e-government portal and lack of system effectiveness. In general, it clears that fintech implementation affect the dimensions of facilitating e-government services, however not all fintech implementation components have the same effect on the dimensions.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.283-304
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• 2008

According to globalization and localization of world economics international trade payment method was also changed. A traditional payment was Letter of Credit basis, however it is being increased to various methods such as remittance, documentary collection(D/P, D/A) and open account. In order to acquire a secure export payment, exporters prefer to L/C basis which is guaranteed by a reliable bank. However, the L/C should bear a security so that importers would rather documentary collection than L/C. The reasons for the preference of collection payment rather than L/C are a low commission cost, the conversion of buyer's market from seller's market due to severe competition in the world market, transaction increase between main office and branches and a right to control the goods until executing the payment by exporters. Besides of them, collection payment can handle safer and faster than open account basis. However, the collection payment has a risk which it isn't guaranteed by bank for the payment so that I would suggest countermeasures to minimize the payment risk utilizing the collection basis as follows; using export credit insurance system, a large domestic credit report provider such as D&B for absolutely fresh and new information, a collection proxy service for overseas deferred credit and suggestion specifying to order B/L not straight one on consignee in order to transfer the right of ownership with endorsement without problem.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2015

In this paper the DRC model is presented for solving multi objective problem. The proposed model is a combination of data envelopment analysis, Cuckoo algorithm and the response surface method. Due to reasons like costs, time and irreversible damages, it is not possible to analyze each and every one of the proposed models in practice, so the simulation is used. Since the number of experiments for simulation process is high then the optimization has gone to practice and directs the simulation process. The response surface method is used as one of the approaches of simulation optimization. Furthermore, data envelopment analysis is used to consider several response surfaces as efficiency response surface. Then this efficiency response surface is solved by Cuckoo algorithms. The main advantage of DRC model is to make one efficiency response surface function instate of multi surface function for every output and also using the advantages of Cuckoo algorithms. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, the branches of Refah bank in Mashhad is analyzed and the results are presented.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.399-406
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• 2011

Various construction bonds and warranties critically burden the general contractor. Also, sporadic or cumulative delays of progress payment by the owner can further trap the contractor in a financial quagmire. Facing the possibility of cash flow deficiency and callous response from the banks, most construction firms may become financially incapable of market competition, and attractive project tenders become a bidding game among few deep-pocket players. The downside of such market environment is that the depth of pocket, rather than that of professional competency dictates the choice of market winners. In Taiwan, this has been a potential crisis to the construction industry after the financial crisis which started out since 2008. To encounter this problem, this research will examine the means to better manage the construction industry. Essentially, a credit guarantee system (CGS) is the prime solution to strengthen a bank's confidence in any particular construction firm. Thus establishing a national platform which evaluates and rewards a construction firm's overall credibility is pivotal, and this third-party rated credit can help a bank to render a loan more wisely. Finally, this paper will propose the ideal operating schemes of construction-specific CGS in Taiwan and a credit scoring prototype model for construction industry, as reference for the government and banks, respectively.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제48권7호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2011

최근 NAND 플래시 메모리를 이용한 새로운 저장매체인 SSD(Solid State Disk)가 모바일 기기를 중심으로 HDD(Hard Disk Drive)를 대체하면서 가격대비 성능을 향상시키려는 연구가 다양한 접근 방식을 통해 진행 중이다. 병렬처리를 통한 NAND 플래시 대역폭 향상을 위해 채널수를 확장하면서 호스트(PC)와 NAND 플래시 간의 버퍼 캐시의 역할을 하는 DRAM 버퍼가 SSD 성능 개선의 bottleneck으로 작용하게 되었다. 이 문제를 해소하기 위해 본 논문에서는 DRAM Multi-bank를 활용한 스케줄링 기법을 통해 DRAM 버퍼 대역폭을 개선함으로써 저비용으로 SSD의 성능을 향상시키는 효과적인 방안을 제안한다. 호스트와 NAND 플래시 다중 채널이 동시에 DRAM 버퍼의 접근을 요청하는 경우, 이들의 목적지를 확인하여 DRAM 특성을 고려한 스케줄링 기법을 적용함으로써 bank 활성화 시간과 row latency에 대한 overhead를 감소시키고 결과적으로 DRAM 버퍼 대역폭 활용을 최적화할 수 있다. 제안한 기법을 적용하여 실험한 결과, 무시할만한 수준의 하드웨어 변경 및 증가만으로 기존의 SSD 시스템과 비교하여 SSD의 읽기 성능은 최대 47.4%, 쓰기 성능은 최대 47.7% 향상됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.237-237
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• 2015

The district of Marlborough has had more than its share of river management projects over the past 150 years, each one uniquely affecting the geomorphology and flood hazard of the Wairau Plains. A major early project was to block the Opawa distributary channel at Conders Bend. The Opawa distributary channel took a third and more of Wairau River floodwaters and was a major increasing threat to Blenheim. The blocking of the Opawa required the Wairau and Lower Wairau rivers to carry greater flood flows more often. Consequently the Lower Wairau River was breaking out of its stopbanks approximately every seven years. The idea of diverting flood waters at Tuamarina by providing a direct diversion to the sea through the beach ridges was conceptualised back around the 1920s however, limits on resources and machinery meant the mission of excavating this diversion didn't become feasible until the 1960s. In 1964 a 10 m wide pilot channel was cut from the sea to Tuamarina with an initial capacity of $700m^3/s$. It was expected that floods would eventually scour this 'Wairau Diversion' to its design channel width of 150 m. This did take many more years than initially thought but after approximately 50 years with a little mechanical assistance the Wairau Diversion reached an adequate capacity. Using the power of the river to erode the channel out to its design width and depth was a brilliant idea that saved many thousands of dollars in construction costs and it is somewhat ironic that it is that very same concept that is now being used to deal with the aggradation problem that the Wairau Diversion has caused. The introduction of the Wairau Diversion did provide some flood relief to the lower reaches of the river but unfortunately as the Diversion channel was eroding and enlarging the Lower Wairau River was aggrading and reducing in capacity due to its inability to pass its sediment load with reduced flood flows. It is estimated that approximately $2,000,000m^3$ of sediment was deposited on the bed of the Lower Wairau River in the time between the Diversion's introduction in 1964 and 2010, raising the Lower Wairau's bed upwards of 1.5m in some locations. A numerical morphological model (MIKE-11 ST) was used to assess a number of options which led to the decision and resource consent to construct an erodible (fuse plug) bank at the head of the Wairau Diversion to divert more frequent scouring-flows ($+400m^3/s$)down the Lower Wairau River. Full control gates were ruled out on the grounds of expense. The initial construction of the erodible bank followed in late 2009 with the bank's level at the fuse location set to overtop and begin washing out at a combined Wairau flow of $1,400m^3/s$ which avoids berm flooding in the Lower Wairau. In the three years since the erodible bank was first constructed the Wairau River has sustained 14 events with recorded flows at Tuamarina above $1,000m^3/s$ and three of events in excess of $2,500m^3/s$. These freshes and floods have resulted in washout and rebuild of the erodible bank eight times with a combined rebuild expenditure of $80,000. Marlborough District Council's Rivers & Drainage Department maintains a regular monitoring program for the bed of the Lower Wairau River, which consists of recurrently surveying a series of standard cross sections and estimating the mean bed level (MBL) at each section as well as an overall MBL change over time. A survey was carried out just prior to the installation of the erodible bank and another survey was carried out earlier this year. The results from this latest survey show for the first time since construction of the Wairau Diversion the Lower Wairau River is enlarging. It is estimated that the entire bed of the Lower Wairau has eroded down by an overall average of 60 mm since the introduction of the erodible bank which equates to a total volume of $260,000m^3$. At a cost of $$0.30/m^3$ this represents excellent value compared to mechanical dredging which would likely be in excess of $$10/m^3$. This confirms that the idea of using the river to enlarge the channel is again working for the Wairau River system and that in time nature's "excavator" will provide a channel capacity that will continue to meet design requirements.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2020

Waterlogging and unintended lake formation become the main problem in some parts of the world. Starting from 1989, the waterlogging problem was observed in the farmland of the Jarso community of Konso Woreda adjacent to the Segen River in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objectives are determining the extent and causes of unintended lake formation using GIS/RS in addition to a preliminary field survey to mitigate the problem. The analysis of satellite images revealed that over the years invasion of the irrigable land by unwanted water had increased, as, in 1989, the size of the wetland area was about 8 Km²; in 2000 the size of the un-intended lake was only 8.23 ㎢. Alarmingly the size of the lake increased to 19.68 Km² in 2014. Silting up of Weir and changing the flow of River Segen and Human Intervention and changing the natural flow of River Yanda were the main causes of this unwanted prolonged water-logging. The ecological and social environment has been degrading as the people of the waterlogged area have been experiencing some settlement and losing their land. Another problem encountered was flooding from River Barka and invasion of the farmland. Sediment control best management practices (BMPs) i.e, Removal of sediment, providing sandbags and well-scheduled maintenance; Changing the junction point of Yanda and Segen River were suggested for the long-term and short term possible remedial measures. Gabion retaining wall on the bank of the Segen River to the face of Barka River was suggested to protect the farmland from flooding.