• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.41-64
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• 2007

A life insurance industry's market is reaching a state of saturation recently, and the competition is as time goes by intense among the non-life insurance industry. Consequently, the insurance companies must grope a new source of revenue and develop a new business model for a stability growth. At the forked road, the insurance companies must group the existing and new customers in order to find the royal customers, and develop a new service with them. Accordingly, it is the time to study the advance of PB field and the royal customer management that will maintain and expand the new relations with them. Besides, the PB was the service to begin in needs of the specific group, but now it is regarded as a new source of high profit in the age of universal financial service among the financial circles. As a consequence, the PB marketing is introduced in haste, and such trend seems to be continued. Therefore, the plans that help the domestic insurance company reflect the characteristic of the insurance and expand the scope of business into the scope of property management according to the needs of customers under a universal financial service trend will be studied.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.1113-1122
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine how the Indian banks have adjusted their risk-based capital ratios during 2009-2018 to meet the regulatory requirements. Banks can, in principle, increase their risk-based regulatory capital ratio, either by increasing their levels of regulatory capital or by shrinking their risk-weighted assets by adjusting asset growth or risk in the portfolio. We investigate banks' capital behavior by decomposing the change in the capital ratio into the contribution of its components and analyzing their variance across regulatory regimes and banks' ownerships. We further investigate how each component of the capital ratio is adjusted by the banks by breaking down them into balance sheet items. We find that the banks' capital behavior significantly differed between public and private sector banks and between the two regulatory regimes. During Basel II, banks, in general, followed a strategy of aggressive asset growth with increased risk-taking. The decline in the CRAR because of such an expansionary strategy was adjusted by augmenting additional capital. However, during Basel III, due to higher capital requirements, both in terms of quantity and quality, banks followed a strategy of cutting back their asset growth and reducing the risk in their portfolio to maintain their CRAR.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.971-977
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• 2021

The purpose of this research paper is: (1) to describe the service quality index; (2) describe the data quality index; and (3) describe the anti-corruption index of BPS Trenggalek, Indonesia. The approach chosen is quantitative with the type of survey research. The primary data collection technique was mainly based on a questionnaire distributed to 40 respondents, namely BPS service users in 5 (five) categories: the private sector, the banking industry, academics, offices, or agencies in Trenggalek Regency and universities. The results showed that the quality of BPS services was good and the data quality index where the respondents were satisfied with the data presented by BPS. Meanwhile, testing the anti-corruption index shows that BPS Trenggalek is very anti-corruption in providing services to consumers. The findings of this study suggested that to improve service quality, it is necessary to pay attention to several aspects, including published service requirements, easy requirements to be fulfilled, published procedure information, clear service process flow, published service times, and costs/tariffs are communicated. This study suggests updating data, data relevance, data accessibility, and data completeness to improve data quality. Furthermore, to maintain the very anti-corruption predicate, this study suggests maintaining service by upholding the prevailing ethics and norms.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.239-246
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• 2021

This article substantiates the scientific provisions for modelling the level of Ukraine's public financial security taking into account the impact of budget policy, in the process of which identified indicators of budget policy that significantly affect the public financial security and the factors of budget policy based on regression analysis do not interact closely with each other. A seven-factor regression equation is constructed, which is statistically significant, reliable, economically logical, and devoid of autocorrelation. The objective function of maximizing the level of public financial security is constructed and strategic guidelines of budget policy in the context of Ukraine's public financial security are developed, in particular: optimization of the structure of budget revenues through the expansion of the resource base; reduction of the budget deficit while ensuring faster growth rates of state and local budget revenues compared to their expenditures; optimization of debt serviced from the budget through raising funds from the sale of domestic government bonds, mainly on a long-term basis; minimization of budgetary risks and existing threats to the public financial security by ensuring long-term stability of budgets etc.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.477-489
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of credit risk on commercial banks' profitability in Afghanistan. Due to the availability of limited data, this study applies the Fixed Effects estimator on balance panel data of six domestic private commercial banks over the period 2014-2018. The study uses LLRTL, TLTA, and TLTD as credit risk indictors, size as bank-specific determinant, ROAA, ROAE, and NIM as profitability indicators. The study finds a robust negative and significant effect of LLRTL on ROAA, and ROAE, but positive and insignificant on NIM. The results also reveal significant positive effect of TLTA on NIM, however insignificant negative on ROAA while insignificant positive on ROAE. The study finds negative effect of TLTD on ROAA, ROAE, and NIM, but only significant on NIM. Further, this study reveals a robust negative and significant effect of size on all profitability indicators. The mean comparison of profitability demonstrates that NIM is in a better situation than others profitability indicators, which is a good sign for the Afghan banking sector. The findings of this study suggest that improving credit management, increasing efficiency of asset management or effectiveness of business model can increase commercial banks' profitability in Afghanistan.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.137-142
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• 2021

Machine-learning systems have proven their worth in various industries, including healthcare and banking, by assisting in the extraction of valuable inferences. Information in these crucial sectors is traditionally stored in databases distributed across multiple environments, making accessing and extracting data from them a tough job. To this issue, we must add that these data sources contain sensitive information, implying that the data cannot be shared outside of the head. Using cryptographic techniques, Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (PPML) helps solve this challenge, enabling information discovery while maintaining data privacy. In this paper, we talk about how to keep your data mining private. Because Data mining has a wide variety of uses, including business intelligence, medical diagnostic systems, image processing, web search, and scientific discoveries, and we discuss privacy-preserving in deep learning because deep learning (DL) exhibits exceptional exactitude in picture detection, Speech recognition, and natural language processing recognition as when compared to other fields of machine learning so that it detects the existence of any error that may occur to the data or access to systems and add data by unauthorized persons.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.273-280
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• 2022

The study aimed to determine the impact of societal participation on the customer loyalty of Saudi banks and identify the statistical differences in customer loyalty according to sex, age, education level, and occupation type. The independent variable is corporate societal participation, and the dependent represents customer loyalty. Corporate societal programs have two dimensions: social participation and philanthropic participation. The research population consists of Saudi workers in three sectors: government, military, and private reached 3.58 million people in 2021. The unit of analysis is the Saudi employee in one formal industry and dealing with the Saudi banks that offered corporate societal participation programs. The research used the appropriate stratified sampling method, and the recommended sample size reached 387 respondents. A fully structured questionnaire is used. The study concluded that corporate social programs have not impacted customer loyalty, while corporate philanthropy programs strongly affected customer loyalty. On the other hand, there are no differences in customer loyalty according to demographics (sex, age, education, and occupation type). Finally, the study presents a set of recommendations in the field of corporate social responsibility and develops the local communities.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.311-318
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• 2022

Nepotism practices have had a severe impact on the social, ethical, and economic culture of not only corporations but also countries in the modern world. Nepotism behavior not only discourages the determined and motivated employee, but also has a detrimental impact on the worker's satisfaction, performance, and contribution to the firm's success. This increases economic tensions due to workers' dissatisfaction with their jobs and occasionally withdrawal intentions, resulting in poor economic activity and a decline in society as a whole. The purpose of this study is to see how organizations' nepotism affects individual work happiness, withdrawal behavior, social and ethical values, and the country's economic development. The study's target audience was private-sector employees, including managers, non-managerial staff, and middle and lower-level employees. Convenient sampling was used to ensure that the target population was accessible and available. The findings demonstrated that organizational nepotism causes substantial harm not only to employees but also to businesses and the economy. The employee who is happy with his or her job and working environment is less likely to withdraw.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.10
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• pp.81-88
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• 2023

In the present scenario, enormous amounts of data are produced every second. These data also contain private information from sources including media platforms, the banking sector, finance, healthcare, and criminal histories. Data mining is a method for looking through and analyzing massive volumes of data to find usable information. Preserving personal data during data mining has become difficult, thus privacy-preserving data mining (PPDM) is used to do so. Data perturbation is one of the several tactics used by the PPDM data privacy protection mechanism. In Perturbation, datasets are perturbed in order to preserve personal information. Both data accuracy and data privacy are addressed by it. This paper will explore and compare several perturbation strategies that may be used to protect data privacy. For this experiment, two perturbation techniques based on random projection and principal component analysis were used. These techniques include Improved Random Projection Perturbation (IRPP) and Enhanced Principal Component Analysis based Technique (EPCAT). The Naive Bayes classification algorithm is used for data mining approaches. These methods are employed to assess the precision, run time, and accuracy of the experimental results. The best perturbation method in the Nave-Bayes classification is determined to be a random projection-based technique (IRPP) for both the cardiovascular and hypothyroid datasets.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.159-173
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of service quality of banks on customer satisfaction and recommendation intention through empirical analysis. In particular, the focus was on the differences of the causal effect between PB(Private Banking) customers and regular customers. For this study, two groups were surveyed and 428 valid questionnaires were analyzed. The hypothesis was tested with a structural equation model using AMOS 23.0. As a result, empathy, reliability and tangibles of bank service quality had a positive(+) effect on customer satisfaction. However, responsiveness and assurance were not statistically significant. On the other hand, customer satisfaction has a positive effect on recommendation intention. This study was conducted to compare the two groups, PB customers and regular customers, and found a significant difference. In the PB customers group, tangibles had a positive effect on customer satisfaction, but no other factors were supported. On the other hand, in the regular customers group, empathy and reliability had a positive effect on customer satisfaction while responsiveness, assurance, and tangibles were not supported. Customer satisfaction were analyzed to have a positive influence on recommendation intention in both groups. These findings are academically significant by applying the SERVQUAL factors to banking services and revealing the differences between the PB customers and regular customers. In practice, it is meaningful in that it provided banks with the insights needed for future segmentation and management of customer groups.