• 제목/요약/키워드: Primary liver cancer

검색결과 189건 처리시간 0.028초

HEALTH RISKS POSED BY MYCOTOXINS IN FOODS

  • Hsieh, D.P.H.
    • Toxicological Research
    • /
    • 제6권2호
    • /
    • pp.159-166
    • /
    • 1990
  • The ability of many toxigenic fungi to invade and develop in a wide variety of raw ingredients of human diet renders human exposure to mycotoxing very difficult to avoid. Most of the energy-rich commodities, such as cereal grains, oil seeds, tree nuts, and dehydrated fruits, are susceptible to mycotoxin contamination. Mycotoxins therefare have been recognized as an important class of hazardous substances in the human food chain. Although human exposure to mycotoxins is largely through ingestion, inhalation and skin contact may also be significant under conditions other than consumption of foods. Human ingestion of mycotoxins is due to consumption of contaminated dietary ingredients and the edible tissues and products of domestic animals that have been exposed to mycotoxins in moldy feed. Large scale acute human mycotoxicoses, such as ergotism in France, alimentary toxic aleukia in Russia, yellow rice syndrome in Japan, endemic nephropathy in Balkan countries, and acute aflatoxin poisonings in India and Taiwan, have been well documented, indicating that mycotoxicosis is a global problem. In some incidents, hundreds of victims were killed and many more became seriously ill. The mycotoxins that have been implicated in the etiology of these human diseases include aflatoxins, citreoviridin, cyclopiazonic acid, ergot alkaloids, moniliformin, ochratoxin A, trichothecenes, tenuazonic acid, and zearalenone. Among these, aflatoxins have been also implicated in the etiology of human primary liver cancer in those high-incidence countries in Africa and southeast Asia. It is well recognized that cause-effect relationship between mycotoxins and human diseases is very difficult to establish, especially for the cancer connection. Careful risk assessment must be performed to determine whether a mycotoxin indeed warrants costly regulatory actions.

  • PDF

The impact of waiting time and delayed treatment on the outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

  • Feng Yi Cheo;Celeste Hong Fei Lim;Kai Siang Chan;Vishal Girishchandra Shelat
    • 한국간담췌외과학회지
    • /
    • 제28권1호
    • /
    • pp.1-13
    • /
    • 2024
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most diagnosed cancer worldwide. Healthcare resource constraints may predispose treatment delays. We aim to review existing literature on whether delayed treatment results in worse outcomes in HCC. PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Scopus were systematically searched from inception till December 2022. Primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Secondary outcomes included post-treatment mortality, readmission rates, and complications. Fourteen studies with a total of 135,389 patients (delayed n = 25,516, no delay n = 109,873) were included. Age, incidence of male patients, Child-Pugh B cirrhosis, and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage 0/A HCC were comparable between delayed and no delay groups. Tumor size was significantly smaller in delayed versus no delay group (mean difference, -0.70 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.14, 0.26; p = 0.002). More patients received radiofrequency ablation in delayed versus no delay group (OR, 1.22; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.27; p < 0.0001). OS was comparable between delayed and no delay in HCC treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 1.13; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.29; p = 0.07). Comparable DFS between delayed and no delay groups (HR, 0.99; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.30; p = 0.95) was observed. Subgroup analysis of studies that defined treatment delay as > 90 days showed comparable OS in the delayed group (HR, 1.04; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.16; p = 0.51). OS and DFS for delayed treatment were non-inferior compared to no delay, but might be due to better tumor biology/smaller tumor size in the delayed group.

Total Bilirubin Level as a Predictor of Suboptimal Image Quality of the Hepatobiliary Phase of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI in Patients with Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer

  • Jeong Ah Hwang;Ji Hye Min;Seong Hyun Kim;Seo-Youn Choi;Ji Eun Lee;Ji Yoon Moon
    • Korean Journal of Radiology
    • /
    • 제23권4호
    • /
    • pp.389-401
    • /
    • 2022
  • Objective: This study aimed to determine a factor for predicting suboptimal image quality of the hepatobiliary phase (HBP) of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in patients with extrahepatic bile duct (EHD) cancer before MRI examination. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 259 patients (mean age ± standard deviation: 68.0 ± 8.3 years; 162 male and 97 female) with EHD cancer who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI between 2011 and 2017. Patients were divided into a primary analysis set (n = 184) and a validation set (n = 75) based on the diagnosis date of January 2014. Two reviewers assigned the functional liver imaging score (FLIS) to reflect the HBP image quality. The FLIS consists of the sum of three HBP features, each scored on a 0-2 scale: liver parenchymal enhancement, biliary excretion, and signal intensity of the portal vein. Patients were classified into low-FLIS (0-3) or high-FLIS (4-6) groups. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine a predictor of low FLIS using serum biochemical and imaging parameters of cholestasis severity. The optimal cutoff value for predicting low FLIS was obtained using receiver operating characteristic analysis, and validation was performed. Results: Of the 259 patients, 140 (54.0%) and 119 (46.0%) were classified into the low-FLIS and high-FLIS groups, respectively. In the primary analysis set, total bilirubin was an independent factor associated with low FLIS (adjusted odds ratio per 1-mg/dL increase, 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.32-1.98). The optimal cutoff value of total bilirubin for predicting low FLIS was 2.1 mg/dL with a sensitivity of 95.1% (95% CI: 88.9-98.4) and a specificity of 89.0% (95% CI: 80.2-94.9). In the validation set, the total bilirubin cutoff showed a sensitivity of 92.1% (95% CI: 78.6-98.3) and a specificity of 83.8% (95% CI: 68.0-93.8). Conclusion: Serum total bilirubin before acquisition of gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI may help predict suboptimal HBP image quality in patients with EHD cancer.

위암환자의 술 전 병기 결정에서 PET-CT의 유용성 (Effectiveness of Positron Emission Tomography in the Pre-operative Staging of Gastric Cancer)

  • 박신영;배정민;김세원;김상운;송선교
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
    • /
    • 제9권3호
    • /
    • pp.110-116
    • /
    • 2009
  • 목적: 위암환자의 수술 전 병기 결정에 있어서 PET의 유용성을 알아보기 위해 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2006년 2월부터 2008년 8월까지 본원에서 위암으로 진단받고 수술 전 병기 결정을 위해 복부 컴퓨터 단층촬영(CT) 및 PET-CT를 모두 시험한 환자 70명을 대상으로 복부 CT 및 PET-CT 영상 자료에 의한 림프절 전이 판정과 수술 후 병리 조직검사에 의한 림프절 전이판정으로 민감도, 특이도, 양성예측도, 음성예측도 및 정확도를 조사하였고 위암의 형태, 조직학적 분류, 크기 등과 FDG섭취 정도와의 차이 등을 알아보았다. 결과: 조기 위암 23예의 경우 복부 CT에서 병변이 진단된 경우는 4명(17.4%), PET-CT에서는 12명(52.1%)이었으며, 진행 위암 47예의 경우 CT에서 26명(56.5%), PET-CT에서 45명(95.7%)으로 PET-CT에서 진단율이 높게 나타났다. 병변의 크기에 따른 분류에서도 복부 CT보다 PET-CT에서 진단율이 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 조기 위암의 경우 진행 위암에 비해 FDG 섭취 정도가 낮았지만 3 cm 이상의 조기 위암의 경우 3 cm 미만의 조기 위암에 비해 FDG가 섭취되는 경우가 더 많았다. CT에서 림프절 병기 결정의 민감도는 40.0%, 특이도는 85.7%, 양성예측도는 85.7%, 그리고 음성예측도는 40.0%였으며, PET-CT에서는 각각 55.6%, 81.0%, 86.2%, 45.9%였다. PET-CT를 통해서만 발견된 전이 병소는 1예(간전이)였으며, 중복암은 직장암 1예와 췌장암 1예가 있었다. 또한 세포조직형에 따른 분류에서도 분화영, 미분화형 모두 PET-CT에서 진단율이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 결론: CT에 비해 PET-CT에서 원발 병소의 진단, 림프절 전이 모두 진단율이 높은 것으로 나타났으며 PET-CT는 전이 병소와 중복암의 발견 등 다른 영상 진단법에 비하여 유리한 점이 있다.

  • PDF

갑상선암에 대한 고주파 절제 적용의 과거, 현재, 그리고 미래 (Application of Radiofrequency Ablation to Thyroid Cancer: Past, Present, and Future)

  • 김지훈
    • 대한영상의학회지
    • /
    • 제84권5호
    • /
    • pp.999-1008
    • /
    • 2023
  • 발생률이 높고, 예후는 좋지만 재발을 잘하는 경향이 있는 갑상선암에서도 전통적인 치료법은 수술이다. 하지만, 2000년대 초반부터, 간암, 폐암, 신장암에서와 마찬가지로 고주파 절제술이 원발 갑상선암 및 재발 갑상선암에 적용되기 시작했다. 원발암에서는 1 cm 이하 크기의 미세유두암 저위험군에서 수술 불가능한 경우에 대한 많은 연구가 이뤄져 왔고, 1 cm보다 더 크고 4 cm 이하의 다양한 군에 대해서도 일부 연구가 시행되었으며, 전반적으로 모두 양호한 결과를 보고하였다. 재발암에 대해서도 주로는 국소 경부 재발암에 고주파 절제술이 시행되었으며, 일부 폐, 뼈 등의 원격 전이에 대해서도 시도되었고, 전반적으로 양호한 결과가 보고되었다. 최근 들어, 한국, 미국, 유럽 등 각지에서 갑상선암의 고주파 절제술에 대해 옹호하는 움직임이 있다. 하지만, 미국 국립 종합 암 네트워크(National Comprehensive Cancer Network) 등의 중립적인 임상지침에는 고주파 절제술이 아직 인정되지는 않은 상태이다. 지금까지의 노력들과 미래의 연구를 바탕으로 향후 가까운 미래에 갑상선암의 치료에 있어 고주파 절제술이 적절한 자리매김을 할 것으로 전망한다.

컴퓨터단층영상에서 TIA를 이용한 간경화의 컴퓨터보조진단 (Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Liver Cirrhosis using Texture features Information Analysis in Computed Tomography)

  • 김창수;고성진;강세식;김정훈;김동현;최석윤
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
    • /
    • 제12권4호
    • /
    • pp.358-366
    • /
    • 2012
  • 간경화(liver cirrhosis)는 섬유조직의 증식과 재생성 결절 형성의 형태학적인 변화로 2차적으로 간내혈관의 변형 및 간기능의 저하가 나타나는 질병이며, 정맥류, 복수와 부종, 간성뇌증, 간암 등의 합병증 동반을 미연에 방지하는 것이 간경변증 진단 및 치료에 핵심이다. 일반적으로 간 컴퓨터단층영상이 간경변의 진단 및 병기를 결정하는 방법으로 사용한다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 간경화의 자동 인식을 위하여 PCA와 TIA 알고리즘을 이용한 특징추출을 통하여 간경변의 자동 검출능력을 알아보고, 각 알고리즘간의 성능을 비교하였다. 실험은 학습영상과 테스트영상으로 구분한다. 고유영상을 생성시키기 위한 학습영상으로 정상영상이 사용되고, 테스트영상으로는 간경화영상이 사용된다. 간 CT 영상에서 간의 질병 부위를 균등하게 ROI 설정하고, $50{\times}50$ 픽셀 크기로 영상을 저장하여 실험하였다. 실험결과로 PCA는 간경화 검출율이 35%로 질병 인식으로 부적합하며, TIA 알고리즘의 AGL, TM, MU, EN는 100% 질병 인식력을 나타내어 간경화 자동 진단 인식으로 가능했다. 또한 결과를 임상에 적용하여 간경변의 컴퓨터보조진단으로 활용한다면 영상의학과 의사에게 업무 부담을 줄이고, 일차적 간경변의 스크리닝 도구로서 활용이 가능할 것이다. 그리고 TIA 알고리즘을 활용한 자동진단은 질병 진단의 전단계로서 예비판독의 정보를 제공하며 간경변의 조기 진단 및 예방이 가능다고 판단된다.

심낭종양[14례] (Pericardial Tumor: 14 cases)

  • 박희철;이홍균
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
    • /
    • 제15권1호
    • /
    • pp.118-123
    • /
    • 1982
  • Fourteen cases of pericardia I tumor were clinically experienced from June 1966 to July 1981, for 15 years in St. Mary's Hospital, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Catholic Medical College. There were three primary tumors of the pericardium, liposarcoma, teratoma and malignant mesothelioma, and 11 metastatic pericardial tumors. In metastatic pericardial tumors, eight were originated from the lung, one was breast, and the other two cases were unknown origin. There were 6 adenocarcinoma, one small cell carcionoma ~nd one alveolar cell carcinoma in 8 cases from the lung, and 5 male and 3 female patients were composed the metastatic pericardial cancer from the lung. In clinical symptoms were dyspnea in all cases, and 9 cases had the generalized edema and enlarged liver size. Six patients had been operated, three of the primary pericardial tumor and three of metastatic pericardial tumor. Two of the primary tumors were cured satisfactorily by the mass removal, but one died due to cardiac arrest at postoperative one day. In metastatic tumors, operation were performed as two pericardial window formation and one left lower lobectomy with pericardial fenestration, but one was died in second operative day. Other nine metastatic tumors were diagnosed by needle biopsy in one case and by cell block of effusion in eight cases.

  • PDF

A forehead hematoma as the initial clinical sign of lung cancer

  • Park, Jonghyun;Kang, Shin Hyuk;Kim, Woo Seob;Kim, Han Koo;Bae, Tae Hui
    • 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
    • /
    • 제21권3호
    • /
    • pp.198-201
    • /
    • 2020
  • Primary lung cancer commonly metastasizes to the brain, bones, liver, and adrenal glands. In some cases, bone metastasis serves as the first presenting sign of lung cancer with bone pain and headache, but it is not common. The incidence of skull metastasis in lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is low, and there have been only a few cases of skull metastases serving as the first sign of malignancy with skull mass and epidural bleeding; however, no similar cases have been reported regarding that of hematoma. We report a case of an 84-year-old man who first presented with a simple forehead hematoma and was eventually diagnosed with SCC of the lung.

조기 위암 환자에서 전이암과 감별이 필요했던 간내 단발성 궤사성 결절: 3T MRI 및 PET/CT 소견 (Solitary Necrotic Nodule of the Liver Mimicking Metastasis in Patient with Early Gastric Cancer : 3T MRI and PET/CT Findings)

  • 최우선;김기현;이화연;이종범;권귀영
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    • /
    • 제13권2호
    • /
    • pp.213-217
    • /
    • 2009
  • 간에 생기는 단발성 괴사성 결절은 매우 드문 양성 질환으로 대개 아무 증상 없이 우연히 발견되고, 간에서 생길 수 있는 여러 가지 단발성 병변과의 감별을 필요로 하며, 특히 악성 종양의 병기 결정에 있어서 간내 전이암과 구별하는 것은 매우 중요하다고 알려져 있다. 영상의학적으로 간의 단발성 괴사성 결절은 조영증강이 얼거나 미약한 주변부 조영증강을 보이는 경계가 좋은 간내 결절로 보고되고 있다. 하지만 단발성 괴사성 결절이 영상에서 과녁 모양으로 보이는 경우는 지금까지 보고된 바 없으며, 특히 고자장의 자기 공명 영상과 양성자 방출 단층 촬영 소견이 보고된 경우도 전무하다. 이에 저자들은 조기 위암 환자에서 과녁 모양으로 보여 전이암과 감별이 어려웠던 간내 단발성 결절을 경험하여 이의 다양한 영상 소견을 보고하고자 하며, 병리학적 소견과 이에 대한 문헌 고찰을 통해 원인을 알아 보고자 하였다.

  • PDF

The Maximum Standardized Uptake Value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Diabetic Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

  • Kyu-hyun Paik;Hyoung Woo Kim;Jong-chan Lee;Jingu Kang;Yoon Suk Lee;Jaihwan Kim;Jin-Hyeok Hwang
    • Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
    • /
    • 제5권2호
    • /
    • pp.91-96
    • /
    • 2017
  • Background: To evaluate whether DM affects the SUVmax of metastatic lesions on 18F-FDG PET/CT and whether the SUVmax can influence the prognosis of metastatic PDAC patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 86 patients with metastatic PDAC who underwent PET/CT before treatment. The SUVmax of primary and metastatic lesions and the ratios of the SUVmax were measured. Long-term survival was evaluated using clinical parameters. Results: The mean SUVmax of primary lesion was lower in the DM group than in the non-DM group (4.74 vs. 5.96, p=0.009). The SUVmax for all metastatic lesions, except those in the lung, were lower in the DM group than in the non-DM group, and these differences were statistically significant in the lymph nodes and peritoneum. In the 35 patients with hepatic metastasis, higher ratios of the liver SUVmax significantly correlated with shorter OS (HR, 2.625; p=0.013). Conclusion: DM can influence the lower SUVmax of metastatic lesions as well as primary lesions. The SUVmax ratio of hepatic metastasis could influence on prognosis in metastatic PDAC patients.

  • PDF