• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to study on radiologic technologist's license system and primary pathway education curriculum in the United States American (USA), focused on one case of college in Texas. We were collected and analyzed through class participation at a community college in Tarrant, interviews with professors of radiologic science and clinical radiographers, field trips, an internet search, and literature reviews. As a result, first, the American radiologic technologists license system is composed of fifteen chapters, and the professional education courses for each field are being carried out through three courses of a primary pathway, a post primary pathway and a physician extender. Second, the primary pathway courses consisted the radiography, the radiation therapy, the nuclear medicine, the magnetic resonance imaging, the sonography. Third, the USA had about 30 times more clinical practice time than Korea. In clinical practice, students had done actually examination through X-ray exposure on patients. Last radiographers in the USA was able to perform intravenous injection of radiopharmaceutical agents on patient, so that he could perform rapid examination and efficient manpower operation. This study could be used as basic data for the globalization of radiologic technologists license system in Korea.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2020

Excessive drinking of alcohol is known to be one of the main causes of various neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Scopoletin is known to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties, and to protect nerve cells. This study examined whether scopoletin inhibits the alcohol-induced apoptosis of primary hippocampal neurons, and how scopoletin regulates several factors associated with the caspase-mediated pathway. To achieve this, the cell viability and apoptosis rate of primary hippocampal neurons were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Apoptosis-related protein expressions (Bax, Bid, caspase-3, caspase-9, and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)) were analyzed by Western blotting, and the ANOVA method was used to confirm the significance of the measured results. As a result, scopoletin inhibited the expressions of alcohol-induced apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins in primary hippocampal neurons. These results suggest that down-regulation of Bid, Bax, and cleaved caspase-9 expression induced by scopoletin down-regulates the expression of cleaved caspase-3, inhibits the expression of cleaved PARP, and finally, inhibits mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. The study suggests that scopoletin is worth developing as a candidate for neuroprotective agent.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.230-233
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• 2002

Effects of short-chain primary amines on Aspergillus nidulans development were analyzed. Propylamine induced asexual development and inhibited sexual development. Even on medium containing lactose as the sole carbon source, on which little conidial heads are formed and sexual structures are formed preferentially, or when sexual development was induced, propylamine induced asexual development and inhibited sexual development. These effects of propylamine seemed to be due to accumulation of mRNA of the brlA gene, which has been identified as a positive regulator of asexual development, and due to the reduction of the veA mRNA level. The veA gene has been identified as an activator of sexual development and also as an inhibitor of asexual development. Other primary amines, methylamine and ethylamine, showed identical effects on development where short-chain primary amino also promoted asexual development and inhibited sexual development.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.47-59
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception about STEAM education of primary teachers who have developed and applied STEAM education to their students through teacher training program. For this study, 101 among 172 attendance are responded to questionnaire of three categories consisting of development and application teaching material for STEAM instruction, and spreading STEAM education. The major findings are as follows: First, when primary teachers develop materials for STEAM education, they consider applicabilities in real classes. Second, they feel the burden of time when they develop STEAM material. Third, they think that their own program has significant educational effectiveness and that students enjoyed the program. Especially, they think that STEAM education program can raise students' interest about learning. Fourth, primary teachers point out the constraints for application of STEAM education program, which are lack of expertise and difficulty acquiring class time. Fifth, primary teachers evaluate the effect of STEAM education program on primary education is positive, and they answer that we need many teaching materials for STEAM education, operating as a regular curriculum, and securing budget. In order to spread STEAM education in field of primary education successfully, administrators have to consider and reflect the voice of teachers.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2009

This study examined the dangerous elements in primary science textbooks and had some suggestions for the minimization of safety accidents in the science class experiments. The research results are as follows: 1) The rate of accident in the primary science experiments was not high, but potential for the outbreak of safety accidents was always present. 2) it is necessary to include safety contents on science textbooks. The survey revealed that only 18 percent of safety education materials include on science textbooks. 3) It will be desirable for science experiment lessons to include safety education materials for safety experiments. This could also help the students develop the right recognition and attitude regarding safety. 4) There was lack of safety devices those were required to be kept at science labs. The survey showed that about 20 percent of the schools had the experimental clothing. 5) Safety training is often conducted in an overly simplified manner, and no special time is allocated to it. In conclusion, to improve the problems pertaining to school safety accident, courses on safety training are essential as textbooks and teachers. Constant and systematic instructions on safety should be done in order to prevent potential safety accidents.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2007

Intestinal parasitic infections remain a serious public health problem globally and have usually been associated with human malnutrition. This study was performed to observe the present status of intestinal helminthes infections among the primary school children in Iksan, Korea, during the period from June to August, 2006. A total of 974 fecal samples (male 479, female 495) were collected and examined by formalin-ether sedimentation technique for intestinal helminthes eggs. Of the 974 samples examined, 2 (0.2%) were egg positive for intestinal helminthes, and only eggs of Clonorchis sinensis were observed in the 2 cases. These C. sinensis egg were found in grade 5 (male, 1 case) and grade 6 (female, 1 case), respectively. The egg positive rate of male and female were 0.2%, respectively. Through this survey, I found that the C. sinensis infection is prevalent among primary school children in Iksan, Jeonbuk, and a continuous health education for school children is recommended to prevent the potential infection of C. sinensis.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.99-107
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• 1995

The morphological changes of primary solid particles as a function of process time on hypereutectic Al-15.5wt%Si alloy during semi-solid state processing with a shear rate of $200s^{-1}$ are studied. In this alloy, it was observed that primary Si crystals are fragmented at the early stage of stirring and morphologies of primary Si crystals change from faceted to spherical during isothermal shearing for 60 minutes. To understand the role of Al dissolved in the primary Si crystal by shear stress at high temperature, lattice parameters of the primary Si crystals are determined as a variation of high order Laue zone(HOLZ) line positions measured from convergent beam electron diffraction(CBED) pattern. The lattice parameter of the primary Si crystal in the rheocast Al-15.5wt%Si alloy shows tensile strain of about 5 times greater than that of the gravity casting. Increase of the lattice parameter by rheocasting is due to the increased amount of Al dissolved in the primary Si crystal accelerated by shear stress at high temperature. The amounts of solute Al in the primary Si crystal are measured quantitatively by EPMA method to confirm the CBED analysis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.1099-1102
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• 2004

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제78권3호
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• pp.272-275
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• 2015

Malignant melanoma occurs most frequently on the skin. However, it can also arise in other organs and tissues of the body. Primary pulmonary malignant melanoma is a very rare non-epithelial neoplasm accounting for 0.01% of all primary pulmonary tumors. The treatment of choice is surgical resection of the tumor with an oncologically adequate margin as in lobectomy or pneumonectomy. The prognosis of this condition is rather poor. Based on previous data, its 5-year survival is at least 10%. Here, we report a case of an 82-year-old woman whose primary pulmonary melanoma was detected incidentally.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 1998

Portfolio assessment provides many opportunities to foster children's creativity and to increase their responsibility for learning. few research study has been conducted in this area, and this assessment method has scarcely been administered in primary science class, Proper and effective use of portfolio assessment in our primary science class requires basic research on how to design and administer the method. Based on the earlier study on typical structures and components of portfolio assessment, the assessment instrument was developed on various primary science topics, The development team was consisted of one science education specialist and nine pre-service elementary school teachers. It takes ten months to develop instruments for 27 class hours. The development process was reciprocal in that development and revision cycle was repeated more than 7 times. The portfolio assessment instruments consist of instructional objectives, developers' evidence for the objectives, and assessment criteria. Adopting a new way of assessment into science class inevitably causes lots of confusions to teachers and children. The absence of basic research studies must be a critical barrier for successful administration of a new assessment method such as portfolio assessment. further research is required in the preparation and administration of portfolio assessment in our primary science classroom.