• Title/Summary/Keyword: Prevention Attitudes

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Knowledge Level of Working and Student Nurses on Cervical Cancer and Human Papilloma Virus Vaccines

  • Topan, Aysel;Ozturk, Ozlem;Eroglu, Hulya;Bahadir, Ozgur;Harma, Muge;Harma, Mehmet Ibrahim
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.2515-2519
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: To determine knowledge levels of working and student nurses about cervical cancer and prophylactic cancer vaccines. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 259 nursing students in the Department of Nursing and 137 nurses working in Health Research and Practice Center, approved to participate in the study between April-June 2012. The study was performed universally without selecting a sample. A questionnaire that was prepared for evaluating participants' knowledge and attitudes about human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine was distributed to the nurses and data obtained from the forms were transferred to SPSS 15.00 program and statistically analyzed. Results: It was found that 54.8% of the student nurses were between 21-24 years old and 13.1% of working students were between 25-28 years old. When student nurses and working nurses were compared in terms of their knowledge about the causes of cervical cancer, their ideas about prevention from cervical cancer with HPV vaccine, their ideas about possible risks of HPV vaccine and conservation ratios of HPV vaccine, it was observed that there were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). When student nurses and working nurses were compared in terms of the information-source about HPV, ways of HPV contamination, awareness about people who are susceptible to HPV contamination and age of HPV vaccination, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was found that all nurses had some knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine, but this was not sufficient. Therefore; it is recommended to use verbal, written and visual communication tools intensively in order to have topics on cervical cancer, early diagnosis and prevention in bachelor and master programs for nurses, to inform society about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine for public health and to teach precautions for its prevention.

Persuasive Effects of Message Framing and Source on the Attitudes and Behavior Intention for Drunk Driving Prevention: Focusing on Vietnamese Motorbike Driver (메시지 프레이밍과 정보원 유형이 음주운전 예방캠페인의 설득효과에 미치는 영향: 베트남 오토바이 운전자를 중심으로)

  • Nguyen, Thanh-Mai;Ha, Ji-Young;Jo, Sam-Sup
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.19 no.8
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    • pp.137-150
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    • 2019
  • In this study, we investigated the joint effects of message framing (profit vs. loss) and source type (celeb vs. general) on the persuasive effectiveness of mass media campaign to prevent drunk driving. As a result of conducting an experimental study on 218 motorcycle drivers in Vietnam, the main effects of message framing were not significant, but the interaction effect with the type of information source consistently influenced the attitude toward the advertisement, the drunk driving prevention, and the behavior intention Specifically, it is more persuasive to send a message by a general model rather than an celebrity when the loss framing method is used while it is more persuasive to send a message by a celebrity model than a general model when the gain framing is used. This study therefore provided valuable information and practical implication to the National Traffic Safety Committee of Vietnam for establishing a campaign to prevent drunk driving. In addition, this research also has valuable theoretical implication because it examines the effect of drunk driving prevention campaign on the attitude toward not only advertisement and the drunk driving prevention but also the behavior intention.

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior to Sexuality in Middle School Students (중학생의 성에 대한 지식, 태도, 행위에 관한 조사연구)

  • Cha, Eun-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.357-375
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study is to find out methods to control, regulate and prevent sexual violence and provide guidelines for sex education in middle school. This study was conducted to examine factors in relation to sexuality, attitudes toward women, experience of sexual contact, frequencies and kinds of pornography with which they had contact, and sex education. For the data collection, a survey was conducted from September 25 to October 1, 1997 by using prepared questionnaires. Questionnaires were given to 503 students from three different kinds of middle schools in Seoul, Boys, Girls, and Coeducation schools. The data analyses used a PC-SAS. Each item was examined by frequencies and percentage. To compare Boys with Girls, I applied a T-test. In addition, with the kinds of school type, I applied anANOVA, ${\chi}^2$. Moreover, For investigating and analyzing each category, I categorized knowledge and attitude of sexuality, with precautionary measures of sexual violence. After that I applied T-test, ANOVA, and a Pearson's correlation for each category. The instruments of this study consisted of 9 domains. (1) General characteristics of the respondents (2) 9 questions about the interaction between he/she and his/her parent. (3) 12 questions, concerning A Scale for Attitudes of Adolescents Toward women(AWSA). (4) 26 questions related to sexual knowledge. (5) 25 questions about sexual attitude (6) strategies for prevention of sexual violence-33 questions (7) 5 questions related to sexual behavior (8) the experience of contact with pronography. (9) the experience of sex-education. The major results were summarized as follows; 1. Like many researches, This study shows that the girls are more eqalitarian than boys. The girls mean ($40.90{\pm}3.67$) is significantly higher than boys ($34.72{\pm}3.77$). Most Koreans have believed that there are many differences between men's roles and women's ones, because of confucianism which had been implied in most thought and ideas since the Lee dynasty. Therefore, the result is not surprising at all. 2. Most students answered correctly the questions of sexual knowledge. The girl's score was higher ($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $48.88{\pm}2.39$) than the boys' ($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $46.95{\pm}3.90$)(p 0.001). Nevertheless, the hypothesis that sexual knowledge influences sexual attitude and its behavior was rejected. 3. When twenty-five questions were asked about sexual attitude, the girl students investigated were found to have a more propre sexual attitude than that of the boys. A significant difference was found between boys and girls(p=0.001). The result shows that a person who has more experience in viewing pornography and who smokes will have a more distorted view of sexuality. 4. There are many students who have experienced of sexual contact. They need to take a sex education program about contraception and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Systematic and concrete sex education is one way to lead them to proper sexual behavior. 5. Most respondents rejected stereotyped attitudes towards women. Boys, however, were more likely to accept stereotypes of Women. The girl's mean($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $40.90{\pm}3.67$) is higher than the boys($Mean{\pm}SD$ : $34.72{\pm}3.77$)(p=0.0001). 6. Many boys ignored the rules for prevention of sexual violence. A boy or a girl who has more experience of sexual contact over kiss and sex-typed neglected the rules, too(p=0.001). Today, there is increasing juvenile delinquency related to sexuality. This study provided the basic material for a preventive education system. I believe that a systematic and concrete sex education system can be helpful for adolescents and promote their responsibility as well as cultivate morality about sexuality. As a result, juvenile delinquency can be decreased. This study is basically aimed to provide information for a prevenative education system of sexual violence. Further research is recommended to evaluate programs in schools.

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Knowledge, Barriers and Attitudes Towards Breast Cancer Mammography Screening in Jordan

  • Abu-Helalah, Munir Ahmad;Alshraideh, Hussam Ahmad;Al-Serhan, Ala-Aldeen Ahmad;Kawaleet, Mariana;Nesheiwat, Adel Issa
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.16 no.9
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    • pp.3981-3990
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    • 2015
  • Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in Jordan. Current efforts are focused on annual campaigns aimed at increasing awareness about breast cancer and encouraging women to conduct mammogram screening. In the absence of regular systematic screening for breast cancer in Jordan, there is a need to evaluate current mammography screening uptake and its predictors, assess women's knowledge and attitudes towards breast cancer and screening mammograms and to identify barriers to this preventive service. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in six governorates in Jordan through face-to-face interviews on a random sample of women aged 40 to 69 years. Results: A total of 507 participants with mean age of $46.8{\pm}7.8$ years were interviewed. There was low participation rate in early detection of breast cancer practices. Breast self-examination, doctor examination and periodic mammography screening were reported by 34.9%, 16.8% and 8.6% of study participants, respectively. Additionally 3.8% underwent breast cancer screening at least once but not periodically, while 87.6% had never undergone mammography screening. Reported reasons for conducting the screening were: perceived benefit (50%); family history of breast cancer (23.1%); perceived severity (21.2%); and advice from friend or family member (5.8%). City residents have shown higher probability of undergoing mammogram than those who live in towns or villages. Results revealed negative perceptions and limited knowledge of study participants on breast cancer and breast cancer screening. The most commonly reported barriers for women who never underwent screening were: fear of results (63.8%); no support from surrounding environment (59.7); cost of the test (53.4%); and religious belief, i.e. Qadaa Wa Qadar (51.1%). Conclusions: In the absence of regular systematic screening for breast cancer in Jordan, the uptake of this preventive service is very low. It is essential for the country of Jordan to work on applying regular systematic mammography screening for breast cancer. Additionally, there is a need for improvement in the current health promotion programmes targeting breast cancer screening. Other areas that could be targeted in future initiatives in this field include access to screening in rural areas and removal of current barriers.

Women's Perceptions and Attitudes about Cervical Cancer in Turkey: Kato's Device as an Alternative to the Pap Smear

  • Sahin, Mustafa Kursat;Sahin, Gulay;Dikici, Mustafa Fevzi;Igde, Fusun Artiran;Yaris, Fusun
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.905-910
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    • 2014
  • Aims: To determine the status of women's perception and attitudes about cervical cancer and their thoughts on Kato's self-sampling device. Materials and Methods: This descriptive research was conducted between July-December 2012 with a study populationof married women older than 18 years. Results: A total of 246 women volunteered, with a mean age of $34.9{\pm}9.22$ (19-52). In the last year, 52.0% had been examined by a gynecologist to address a complaint or for a periodic health check. Of the 118 who had not had a gynecological examination, 42.4% indicated negligence, 26.3% stated the reason was no complaint, 14.4% feared they might receive bad results from the examination, and 8.5% stated that were shy or embarrassed. Of all of the women, 35.0% answered that they had information about cervical cancer, and 0.7% had heard about the HPV vaccine. No one in their families had received the vaccine. Of the women, 28.5% had had a Pap smear, and 71.4% of those had normal results. Of those who had never had a Pap smear, 47.2% had never heard about the test; 18.8% explained the reason for not having a test as shyness or embarrassment with a male doctor. None of the women had heard about Kato's device. Once the women were informed, 73.6% expresseed interest in use; 51.9% answered they could use it and not be embarrassed, 30.9% would use it because they did not have to see a doctor, and 17.1% would use it as it allows them to take a smear in all conditions and whenever they want. Of the women, 60.0% thought that they could not successfully use Kato's device; 40.0% thought that a smear should be taken by a doctor. Conclusions: Most of the women in our population had never had a Pap smear and wanted to use the Kato's device.

A Study on the University Student's Consciousness about Sex and AIDS (대학생의 성 및 AIDS에 관한 의식 연구)

  • 강병우
    • Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.43-56
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    • 1994
  • Although the officially confirmed incidence of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) has remained low thus far in Korea, the progression of the pandemic has been rapid, concerned about an eventual increase in transmission. Until a vaccine or cure is found, public information and education remain an important weapon against AIDS. For the year 2000, the current WHO projection is that there will be a cumulative total of 40 million HIV infections in man, woman and children, of which more than 90% will be in the developing countries. The incerased mortality among adults and children has raised concerns that AIDS may become so devastaing as to reverse positive population growth rates and wipe out entire population. In order to plan for the rising incidence of patient with AIDS, an assessment of AIDS-related cognition and behavior, attitude of the recognized high-risk groups is necessary. Considering that undergraduates have sexuality active and more oriented toward sexual concerns than other ages. Adolescents today are more sexually involved than in the past: The media, including films, music, and television, reinforce sexual concerns by preseating images of highly sexual adolescents. Incidence of both petting and sexual intercourse in higher and occurs at earlier ages, they are important reservoir of AIDS infection. Hence, it has become important to emymerats and describe the knowledge, attitude and behavior of them, I want.. This information will eventually guide the direction of change in public policies and education programs to meet the challenges of AIDS. The objective of this study were to identity Knowledge, Attitude, Experience of Sex and AIDS in Korea. The data were collected by survey at Korean Federation for AIDS Affairs, INC. and J university, K junior college. After October in 1993, surveyed with 507 student during their's college days in Seoul. The questionnaire was designed to provide information on sex and AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes and experience. AIDS-related knowledge was measured by using 26 questions on mode of transmission and AIDS-related attitudes were measured by 7 questions, AIDS-related experience was measured by 5 questions. There were the main dependent variables in our study, In conclusion, students during their university day need to develop AIDS-preventive education programs. Clearly, the many AIDS-prevention educational effort need to be guided by well trained health agents. Financial supports from all sectors (i.e., public and private) of our society are required to achieve that end. Further researches on AIDS-related Knowledge and Attitude and behaviors of undergraduates are needed for the development of comprehensive AIDS prevention programs.

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Difference of Knowledge and Attitudes toward HIV/AIDS between Genders of Physical Therapists and Physical Therapy Students (물리치료사와 물리치료과 학생의 성별에 따른 HIV/AIDS 에 대한 지식과 태도)

  • Ahn, So-Youn;Kim, Jong-Soon
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.26-39
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this descriptive study is to investigate the general knowledge and attitude about HIV/AIDS among gender in physical therapists and physical therapy students. AIDS a clinical syndrome that involves progressive immune deficiency and consequent development of opportunistic infection, tumors, neurologic disease and systemic wasting with chronic trends. Many medical specialists are afraid of AIDS patients because they have a little information of AIDS and fear of HIV infection from AIDS patients at work site. This study surveyed 649 physical therapists and physical therapy students by means of a self-administered questionnaire. This study was carried out from April, 2003 to October, 2003 for collecting data. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) The male and female physical therapist and physical therapy students who have an experience of educational program for HIV/AIDS show higher general knowledge about HIV/AIDS. 2) The male physical therapist and physical therapy students were conscious of the need for physical therapeutic intervention for the complication of HIV/AIDS. 3) The male who has higher general knowledge about HIV/AIDS are conscious of the need for educational program about HIV/AIDS. 4) The male and female want to have the choice to accept or reject the HIV/AIDS patients for treatment. 5) The knowledge of transmission mode in sexual intercourse of HIV/AIDS influence the attitude of male and female to patients with HIV/AIDS. 6) The knowledge of prevention of HIV/AIDS influence the attitude of male and female to patients with HIV/AIDS. 7) The knowledge of regarding symptom of HIV/AIDS influence the attitude of female to patients with HIV/AIDS. 8) The knowledge of general transmission mode of HIV/AIDS influence the attitude of male and female to patients with HIV/AIDS. 9) The knowledge of transmission risk factors in work site of HIV/AIDS influence the attitude of male and female to patients with HIV/AIDS. 10) The knowledge of needs for prevention in work site of HIV/AIDS influence the attitude of male and female to patients with HIV/AIDS. In conclusion, male and female with more knowledge of HIV/AIDS could positively treat HIV/AIDS patients.

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A Descriptive Study Of School Children's Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Regarding Smoking (중학생들의 흡연에 대한 지식, 태도, 그리고 행동에 관한 기술적 연구)

  • Park, In-Hyae
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.420-436
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    • 1996
  • The goal of this study is to explore different risk factors for smoking and look at the relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions regarding smoking among schoolchildren, in order to reduce teenage smoking. To achieve this goal a self-administered questionaire regarding smoking was provided to schoolchildren in the 7th and 8th grades in one junior high school in Jerusalem. The schoolchildren were exposed to 10-12 hours of a smoking prevention intervention program. The questionaire focused primarily on the personal characteristics, social environment, knowledge, attitudes, practices, and behavioral intentions of the children. Crosstabs were performed on each variable to determine if significant associations exist among the different variables. The statistical computer, package, SPSS PC, was used to manipulate the data along with Chi-square test. The findings were as follows : About 11% of the children aged 12-14 have ever smoked or are smoking currently, and about 24.0% of those who ever smoked started smoking at the age of 10. Boys smoke more(p<.01), poorer students(by self-perception of school performance) smoke more, and those who had peers who were smokers were more likely to smoke(p<.05). The percentage of the children who reported that either father or mother smoked was about 30%, but no statistical association was found between parental smoking and children's smoking, although trends were noted in the expected direction, i.e. more smokers among children of smokers. Only 1.1% of the children intended to smoke in the future, and 98.0% of the children indicated that they can or they might be able to withstand social pressure. Seventy percent of the children demonstrated medium to high knowledge about smoking, Males, 8th graders, better students, and those without friends who smoke had higher social pressure showed more negative attitudes(p<.01). Those with non-smoking siblings showed more negative behavioral intentions regarding smoking(p<.01), and better students showed more negative behavioral intentions. Those who had higher knowledge scores showed more negative attitudes towards smoking, but not significantly so. Those who had very negative behavioral intentions showed highly significant negative attitudes towards smoking(p<.01).

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Knowledge, Attitudes, Experiences in Sex and Needs for Sex Education of Nursing Students and Non-Nursing Students (일 지역 간호여대생과 일반여대생의 성 지식, 태도, 경험 및 교육 요구 비교)

  • Lee, Jum-Suk;Lee, Ga-Eon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.45-55
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    • 2003
  • This study was focused on comparing the knowledge, attitudes and experiences in sex and the needs for sex education of nursing students and non-nursing students. The subjects of this study were 403 female students who attended 4 universities in Busan. The data was collected from November 2002 to December, and analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard variance, t-test and Chi-square. The results were as follows: 1. The mean score of sex knowledge of the nursing students was 13.29 and the non-nursing students's was 11.11. There was a difference(p=0.000) between nursing and non-nursing students in sex knowledge. 2. The mean score of sex attitude of nursing and non-nursing students was 25.64, 26.65 respectively. There was no statistical difference. 3. 61.8% of the nursing students and 62.3% of the non-nursing students had experienced a relation with the opposite sex. Kissing experience was 59.9%, 61.8% and masturbation was 9.5%, 9.2% respectively. Sexual intercourse was 5.3%, 11.9% and contraception was 1.9%, 8.2% respectively. Among these experiences, sexual intercourse and contraception experience rate were different(p=0.017, p=0.002 respectively) between nursing and non-nursing students. 4. Of 19 sexual education contents, only 'the dignity of life' showed a difference. That is, more nursing students(92.9%) wanted to know about 'the dignity of life' than non-nursing students(85.7%). Among the respcndent's needs on the sexual education contents, 'Contraception' was rated first and followed by 'Sex psychology of men and women', 'Pregnancy', 'Prevention of sexual crime' and 'Sexually transmitted diseases'. Most of the respcndents(95.8%) wanted sex education introduced in the :first year of university, and presented as a special class. Specifically, 50.0% of the students wanted the education to be more realistic and systemic. With the above results, when university faculties are sexual educating to university students, they have to aware of the difference of target students. And they need to stress more realistic and specific aspect of sexual education learning rather than theoretical teaching.

Predictors of MERS-related Preventive Behaviors Performance among Clinical Practice Students in a Tertiary Hospital (상급종합병원 임상실습 학생의 메르스 예방행위 수행 예측요인)

  • Kim, Hee Sun;Park, Jin Hee
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.19 no.9
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    • pp.174-185
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    • 2018
  • This study was conducted to explore the levels of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)-related knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors performance and to identify predictors of MERS-related preventive behaviors performance among clinical practice students in a tertiary hospital. The participants were 480 nursing and medical clinical practice students. Data collection was conducted using self-reported questionnaires in June of 2015 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and hierarchical regression using the SPSSWIN 24.0 program. The MERS-related knowledge (9.56 out of 13 points) was high, attitudes towards MERS, such as severity cognition and prevention about MERS was positive (4.15 out of 5 points), and MERS-related preventive behaviors performance level was moderate (3.02 out of 5 points). Female students, having education experience regarding MERS, taking vaccination for influenza H1N1 infection in the last year, having the intention of taking influenza H1N1 in the current year, having fear of MERS infection, higher knowledge and more positive attitudes about MERS were predictors of better MERS-related preventive behaviors performance. These results show that general characteristics associated with MERS-related preventive behaviors performance should be considered to improve preventive behaviors of clinical practice students. Furthermore, this study highlights the need to develop effective and useful MERS education programs that provide essential knowledge and attitude about MERS that clinical practice students must acquire to promote the MERS-related preventive behaviors performance.