• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.117-131
• /
• 1992

A studies on the pattern of sea water circulation was carried out by using drogue experiments, tidal current measurement and hydrographic data in Kamak Bay which has two channels. At the flood, the water inflowed from the northern narrow channel flows mostly to the southward then the westward because Daekyung-island located at the flow path, at the same time the water from the southern channel of bay directed strongly to the north with a spine centered at around Gunnaeri. And these waters converged at the area between eng-Island and Deakyung-Island in the bigining of the flow, and placed at less southern part than the area at the late. The water of the north west inner bay having concave bottom topography inflows to Najin inlet with a spin of anti-clockwise. At the ebb, those waters in the bay turn back to two channels respectively, but most of waters directed to the southern channel of the bay. The directions of residual current of two channels are the southward mainly, and the current of inner area are influenced by the prevailing wind. The north-west inner bay which has the weak tidal current less than 10 cm/sec shows a similar upwelling by off-shore wind in winter, and the stratification in summer, respectively.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.1053-1068
• /
• 2008

This study aims to produce fundamental database for Environment Impact Assessment by monitoring vertical structure of the atmosphere due to the mountain valley wind in spring season. For this, we observed surface and upper meteorological elements in Sangin-dong, Daegu using the rawinsonde and automatic weather system(AWS). In Sangin-dong, the weather condition was largely affected by mountains when compared to city center. The air temperature was low during the night time and day break, and similar to that of city center during the day time. Relative humidity also showed similar trend; high during the night time and day break and similar to that of city center during the day time. Solar radiation was higher than the city, and the daily maximum temperature was observed later than the city. The synoptic wind during the measurement period was west wind. But during the day time, the west wind was joined by the prevailing wind to become stronger than the night time. During the night time and daybreak, the impact of mountain wind lowered the overall temperature, showing strong geographical influence. The vertical structure of the atmosphere in Dalbi valley, Sangin-dong had a sharp change in air temperature, relative humidity, potential temperature and equivalent potential temperature when measured at the upper part of the mixing layer height. The mixing depth was formed at maximum 1896m above the ground, and in the night time, the inversion layer was formed by radiational cooling and cold mountain wind.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.104-114
• /
• 2014

주풍에 따른 강수의 산성도, 전기전도도, 이온 성분의 변화를 알아보기 위하여 2009년 부산지역 강수를 분석하였다. 부산지역에서는 남서풍과 북동풍이 우세하게 나타났다. 주풍이 서풍인 경우, 강수의 산성도는 약 pH 7로 중성으로 나타났으나 전기전도도는 약 200 ${\mu}scm^{-1}$로 다른 풍향에 비해 월등히 높게 나타나 강수에 이온성분이 많이 함유된 것을 알 수 있었다. 양이온 $K^+$와 음이온 $Cl^-$가 다른 이온에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 북풍과 남서풍이 불 때 다른 풍향에 비해 전체적으로 높은 농도로 나타났다. 산성비의 주 원인물질인 $NO{_3}^-/SO{_4}^{2-}$의 구성비는 북풍에서 3 이상으로 월등히 높은 값이 나타났다. 다른 풍향에 비해 북동풍, 동풍, 남서풍, 서풍에서의 $K^+$의 중화기여도는 전체적으로 1 이상으로 높은 값을 나타내었는데, 이는 산성이온을 중화시키는데 있어서 알카리성 이온인 $K^+$의 중화기여도가 크게 작용하였음을 알 수 있다. 또한 해염입자는 북풍, 북동풍, 남서풍에서 800 ${\mu}sm^{-3}$ 이상으로 다른 풍향에 비해 상대적으로 많은 양을 나타내었다. 역궤적 분석 결과, 북풍, 서풍, 북서풍계열에서는 봄, 가을, 겨울철에 만주, 내몽골 고원, 중국, 러시아 지역으로부터 공기덩어리의 이동을 볼 수 있었다. 반면, 동풍, 북동풍, 남서풍계열에서는 여름철에 해양으로부터 공기덩어리의 이동을 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 부산지역의 강수중 산성도, 전기전도도, 이온 성분 농도는 내륙과 연안해역의 특성을 가진 주풍에 의한 변동 특성을 잘 나타내고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.369-374
• /
• 1998

Meteorological measurements were carried out in the basin of Cheong-Kwan located Yang-San near Pusan city, from Oct. 30 to Nov. 1, 1988. According to the measured data, we vended the close relationship between the variation of nocturnal Inversion layer and the meteorological elements. The nocturnal intrersion layer by radiative cooling in this site extends up to 130 meters or so. And the nocturnal jet ap- pears just above or at the top of the inversion layer, and the stronger of the prevailing wind blows, and the lower of the jet level appears. Some meteorological features such as heating, cooling etc., began to change in or in the slightly higher level of the inversion layer, when they are formed, reinforced and disappeared. And the it In the basin preserves its character because It Is not affected by local scale air flow.

• 한국해양학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.118-124
• /
• 1984

黃海의 海上風에 의한 重力波의 波高와 週期를 SMB法을 使用하여 計算 하였다. 그리고 黃海에서 樹勢한 北西風과 南西風이 40knots에 달할 때의 波浪活動 에 의한 海底流速과 海底剪斷應力을 線形波浪理論과 Kajiura(1968)의 暖流振動境界層分析에 의해 구하였다. 計算 缺課를 보면 韓半島의 西海沿近海域 에서 가장 큰 海波와 剪斷應力의 分布를 보이며 이로 인하여 沿近海底面이 持續的인 影響를 받고 있음이 나타났다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.278-287
• /
• 1993

In order to calssify smog type durnig the summer season in Seoul, air Quality and meterorological data were analyzed by multivariate analysis. Among 15 variables relating to visibility, 10 variables were selected by multiple regression analysis for clustering of smog types; total suspended particle, sulfur dioxide, ozone, ntrogen dioxide, total hydrocarbon, south-north wind component, ralative humidity, precipitable water, mixing height and air temperature. Somg types were grouped into three clusters using cubic clustering criterion and the mumbers of days in each cluster were contained 74, 28 and 16 days. Each cluster was seperated clearly by sulfur dioxide, precipitable water and air teperature. The first cluster was representative of high ozone concentration and prevailing meterological conditions for ozone formation. Therefore, visibility in the first cluster was considered to be affected by photochemical smog. The third cluster showed characteristics of sulphurous smog type due to the higher concentration of primary pollutant, based on the dry condition than that in another cluster. On the other hand, the characteristic of the second cluster was not relatively clear, but considered to be in an intermediate characteristic between photochemical smog and sulphurous smog type.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.113-132
• /
• 2003

In May 2001, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) for phasing out and eliminating POPs was signed by 90 countries at the Diplomatic Meeting in Stockholm. In 1998, three years before the Convention, the protocols on POPs and heavy metals were adopted by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution. Growing attention on POPs and heavy metals during the past 10 years is primarily due to their toxicity in minute quantities. POPs and some metal compounds are even more toxic because of their bioaccumulation potentials associated with a high lipid solubility. Furthermore, owing to their persistence and semi - volatility, they are widely distributed in the environment, traveling great distances on wind and water currents. Recent international cooperation to address POPs and heavy metals has focused on these issues. Long -range transport of those pollutants are particularly concerned since Korea is located downwind of prevailing westerlies from China. In this paper, a review is provided to assess the properties, sources, emissions, and atmospheric concentrations on POPs and heavy metals.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.377-392
• /
• 2001

The response of multi-story building structures to lateral loads, mainly due to earthquake and wind, is investigated for preliminary design purposes. Emphasis is placed on structural systems consisting of rigid and braced steel frames. An attempt to gain a qualitative understanding of the influence of bending and shear stiffness distribution on the deformations of such structures is made. This is achieved by modeling the structure with a stiffness equivalent Timoshenko beam. It is observed that the conventional stiffness distribution, dictated by strength constraints, may not be the best to satisfy deflection criteria. This is particularly the case for slender structural systems with prevailing bending deformations, such as flexible braced frames. This suggests that a new approach to the design of such frames may be appropriate when serviceability governs. A pertinent strategy for preliminary design purposes is proposed.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.28-43
• /
• 1988

The purpose of this research is to produce bin weather data for Seoul from Standard Weather Data. The intended use of these data is for input to recently developed models for simplified energy calculations and for generating variable-base degree-day information. The data produced under this study include $3^{\circ}C$ bin data covering the full range of dry-bulb temperatures with mean coincident wet-bulb and daytime coincident solar radiation, wet-bulb bins down to freezing temperature, wind speed bins with prevailing directions, and heating and cooling degree hours to nine different temperature bases. All of these data are tabulated in six separate time periods and total daily categories for monthly and annual periods.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.418-427
• /
• 2004

최근 도시기후를 고려한 도시계획이 많은 나라에서 실용화되고 있다. 도시기후의 고려는 주로 도시의 바람 길 조성이라는 개념으로 구체화되고 있다. 도시의 바람 길 조성은 주로 하계에 도시지역의 열적 쾌적성을 개선하는 것을 목표로 한다. 아울러, 과학적 조사에 근거하여 도시의 단지계획을 합리적으로 함으로써 청정한 냉기류의 도심유입을 원활히 하여 도심의 대기오염을 저감하고자 하는 것도 목적으로 한다. 이 연구에서는, 수치실험을 통하여 전형적인 난후기일을 대상으로 대구지역의 국지순환풍이 지나는 바람의 길을 조사하였다. 그리고 이 바람에 의한 대기오염의 수송도 조사하였다. 수치실험에 사용한 모형은 RAMS(지역규모 대기모델)이다. 수치실험의 관심지역은 대구광역시 일대(약900$km^2$)이다. 수평규모는 약 30km이다. 수치실험은 일반풍이 약하고 쾌청한 일기조건을 갖는 늦봄의 기상조건 하에서 수행되었다. 수치실험의 결과 다음과 같은 3가지 결과를 얻었다: (1) 대구의 대표적 산지인 팔공산과 앞산에서 야간에 산정에서 복사냉각으로 생성된 국지풍이 지나는 길을 발견할 수 있었다. 그 바람은 대구의 동쪽 지역에서 중력류의 형태로 계곡을 따라서 흘러내렸다. (2) 평지에서는, 그 바람이 대구의 중심지를 지나 서쪽으로 흘러갔다. (3) 그 결과로, 대기오염물질은 야간에 국지풍에 의해 서쪽지역으로 수송되어졌다.