• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Background: Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) rely on their upper limbs for body-lifting activity (BLA). While studies have examined the electromyography (EMG) and kinematics of the shoulder joints during BLA, no studies have considered foot position during BLA. Objects: This study compared the effects of different foot positions during BLA on the shoulder muscle activities, peak plantar pressure, knee flexion angle, and rating perceived exertion in individuals with SCI. Methods: The study enrolled 13 mens with motor-complete paraplegic SCI, ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) A or B. All subjects performed BLA with the feet positioned on the wheelchair footrest and on the floor independently. Surface EMG was used to collect data from the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and triceps brachii. The peak plantar pressure was measured using pedar-X and the knee flexion angle with Image J. Borg's rating perceived exertion scale was used to measure the physical activity intensity level. The paired t-test was used to compare the shoulder muscle activities, peak plantar pressure, knee flexion angle, and rating perceived exertion between the two feet positions during BLA. Results: The activity of the latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and triceps brachii and rating perceived exertion decreased significantly and the peak plantar pressure and knee flexion angle increased significantly when performing BLA with the feet positioned on the wheelchair footrest compared with on the floor (p<.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with SCI may perform BLA with the feet positioned on the wheelchair footrest for weight-relief lifting to decrease the shoulder muscle activities and the rating perceived exertion and to increase the peak plantar pressure and the knee flexion angle.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.47-54
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• 2020

The acupressure is a treatment that applies pressure to certain parts of the body and has been mainly used for pain relief in the field of oriental medicine. However, the treatment effect is often different depending on the practitioner's ability, experience, and physical strength, so standardized acupressure is needed. In this regard, the equipment is being released, but this is mainly a rolling massage method, which reduces energy concentration and poses a risk of injury. Therefore, in this study, a device that provides vertical acupressure based on variable bogie (wheel truck) was implemented. As a result of experimenting with load and body pressure distribution and desirability to validate the device's bearing pressure, the acupressure rod held up to 150kg, the body pressure ratio was measured lower than the body pressure ratio of the comparison item in section 0%

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.403-410
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• 2021

There are positive effects, such as pain reduction, when rheumatism patients exercise in water, but the cause of the pain reduction is unclear, and research on this is inadequate. This study examined the flow of the surface of the foot and the principles of pain relief. Unsteady simulations were conducted to analyze the flow, which was performed by repeatedly setting the movement of the foot raising and descending three times. Pressure fluctuations and frequencies were analyzed by designating pressure points at the painful location. The results showed that a positive and negative pressure of approximately ±500Pa was applied overall. A pressure of approximately ±2000Pa was applied when the direction of movement was changed. A frequency of approximately 35 to 80Hz was generated in the area where rheumatoid arthritis pain frequently occurs. The effects of reducing pain could be predicted when continuous pressure fluctuations and frequencies are applied repeatedly to the painful location, blood circulation promotion. The results could be used as basic data to understand the principles of aquatic exercise and support the development of underwater exercise programs and developing related medical equipment.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.161-168
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• 2022

In this study, a survey on the wearing satisfaction of commercial men's upper body correction underwear was conducted targeting mildly obese men in their twenties, and it was intended to suggest improvement points for the correction underwear. The product used for the study was Adapt's 95 PROBLEM, and 15 subjects were selected as males in their 20s with a BMI of 25-30 (mild obesity). As a result, men's awareness and interest in corrective underwear were low. In the wearing satisfaction survey, 74% of those who answered negatively that it was uncomfortable to wear and take off. In terms of pressure relief, 60% of those who felt the pressure was strong at the beginning, but as time passed, they got used to it and answered that there was no major inconvenience. However, with regard to digestion after a meal, 40% of the subjects felt that the pressure interfered with digestion. There were many deficiencies in terms of functionality, with more than half of those who responded negatively with regard to stuffiness and heat, and many negative opinions regarding sweat absorption and discharge. In the visual section, positive reaction was shown in chest, side waist and front waist correction, and among them, the front waist had the highest score. In conclusion, it seems that functional parts related to heat and sweat must be improved in consideration of the stuffiness and indigestion brought about by excessive pressure for men's upper body correction underwear.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.77-87
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• 2002

Like acupuncture, magnetic therapy has been known to yield effectiveness when it is applied to relieve from fatigue, musculoskelectal diseases, sore sites, rheumatic arthritis and chronic pain syndromes. However, combined application of acupuncture and magnet has not yet been studied. This study is designed to investigate effectiveness of acupuncture therapy when in the magnetic field for the pain relief. Magnetic field was made by magnetic ring ($7{\psi}{\times}2.3{\psi}{\times}1.5mm$). Twenty-one male swimmers with latent muscular pain at the GB21 area in the university course of physical education in Daegu were chosen and divided into three groups; 1) acupuncture treatment group (n=7), 2) acupuncture treatment with iron ring group (n=7), 3) acupuncture treatment with magnetic ring group (n=7). Manual Acupuncture was given to the GB21 point for 20 minutes. The degree of pressure pain threshold (PPT, $kg/cm^2$) in GB21 was measured with algometer. Before acupuncture treatment, the PPT values were $6.08{\pm}1.69$, $6.39{\pm}1.72$ and $5.59{\pm}1.11$ in acupuncture treatment group, acupuncture treatment with iron ring group, acupuncture treatment with magnetic ring group, respectively. After acupuncture treatment, the PPT values were $6.48{\pm}2.33$, $6.31{\pm}1.31$ and $6.59{\pm}1.80$, respectively. Pressure threshold was significantly increased in the acupuncture treatment with magnetic ring group compared to the other groups. Based on these results, acupuncture treatment with magnetic ring produced better effects on pain threshold, and these effects can be considered to be associated with the currents or voltages induced by the acupuncture needle and magnetic ring at present.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.259-266
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• 2003

Load reduction ring (LRR) was installed on the ABB-Atom sparger to reduce the oscillatory loadings due to the air bubble clouds in the water pool in case of safety relief system operations. In order to investigate the effect of LRR on the pressure field, a numerical simulation on the behavior of air bubble clouds discharging into a water pool through a ABB-Atom sparser without LRR was performed by using a commercial thermal hydraulic analysis code, FLUENT 4.5. Among the multi-phase models contained in the code, the VOF (Volume Of Fluid) model was used to simulate the interface of water, air and steam flows. By comparing the analysis results with the previous ones, the load reduction ring has an effect on reducing the oscillatory loads at the wall. It also includes the effect of air mass and inlet boundary conditions of the pipe on the pressure oscillations at the wall.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2011.11a
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• pp.725-730
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• 2011

A 2-way solenoid valve regulates to maintain the pressure of ullage volume of propellant tanks when the command is given by control system for the liquid-propellant feeding system of space launch vehicle. The simulation model of solenoid valve for pressurization is designed with AMESim to verify the designs and evaluate the dynamic characteristics and pneumatic behaviors of valve. To validate a valve simulation model, the simulation results of their operating durations of valve by AMESim analysis are compared with the results of experiments. Using the model, we analyze performance of valve; opening/closing pressure, operating time on various design factors; shape of control valve seat, basic valve seat, rate of sealing diameter. This study will serve as one of reference guides to enhance the developmental efficiency of ventilation-relief valves with the various operating conditions, which shall be used in Korea Space Launch Vehicle-II.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

High pressure devices are used widely. Interest in rupture disc to people is the increases in protect of facilities and people. A rupture disc consists of mainly three parts: holder, plate and vacuum support. Rupture discs are rusted or destroyed by diverse environments. Rupture discs are made from STS 316L stainless steel because of its high corrosion resistance and yield strength. In this study, modeling of a rupture disc by CATIA V5 and finite element analysis by ANSYS were carried out. The finite element analysis results executed to predict properties of the rupture disc with thickness and height.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2000

Purpose : Posterior Neck Pain and Back Pain are common diseases in human daily life. For reducting symptom and treatment of these diseases, many methods have been used and studied until now. The mechanisms of Ceragem Master Heat Bed(R)(Ceragem Co. Seoul, Korea) are infrared-heat therapy from natural nephrite and pressure therapy by up-down movement of natural nephrite ball. Through this study, authors would evaluate the clinical effectiveness of Ceragem Master Heat Bed(CMHB) on relieving posterior neck pain and back pain. Materials and methods : From 12-01-2000 to 01-13-2001, posterior neck pain and back pain patients were selected for experiment group(23patients) and control group(14patients). In both group, Visual Analog Scale(VAS) of pre-treatment stage is above 5 points. Experiment group were cared with acupuncture therapy, buhang therapy and CMHB. Control group were managed with only acupuncture therapy and buhang therapy. They were treated more than three times at least. At pre-treatment and post-treatment stage, we measured VAS for individual patients, and then compared effect of treatment in experiment group and in control group. Statistical analysis was preformed using SAS program. Results : In this study, a mean difference of VAS between pre-treatment and post-treatment stage was large in experiment(CMHB) group more than in control group(p〈0.01). Conclusion : Experiment(CMHB) group was more effective pain relief than control group in the treatment of posterior neck pain and back pain. CMHB was available for stimultaneous application of heat therapy and pressure massage together that gave another effects of mental stability and fatigue recovery. As the results of this study, CMHB could be used as a helpful treatment modality for posterior neck pain and back pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.135-139
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• 1996

Intercostal nerve blockade with local anesthetics has been used extensively in the past to provide pain relief following thoracotomy. Its popularity fell, for a period, probably due to increasing use of epidural analgesia. More recently, interest has focused on intercostal nerve block with the introduction of variously sited catheters. Two epidural catheters were placed under direct vision, in the intercostal spaces just above and below the wound by feeding the catheters posteriorly from the wound edges, superficial to the parietal pleura. Bupivacaine 0.25%. Was infused continuously at a rate of 5 ml/hour through each of the two intercostal catheters. Each catheter was primed with 10 ml/hour through each of the two intercostal catheters. Each catheter was primed with 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. Postoperative vital signs resembled preoperation data. Arterial carbon dioxide pressure ($PaCO_2$) was unchanged and arterial oxygen pressure ($PaO_2$) was increased during two days after surgery because oxygen was administered at 21/min. Forced vital capacities (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$) were decreased the day of operation but restored to preoperative value from second operation day. VAS were increased on operation day but decreased from second operation day. Motion range of arms were not impaired. We concluded that continuous intercostal nerve block through catheters placed during thoracotomy in the adjacent intercostal spaces is a simple and effective method for management of the post-thoracotomy pain.