• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집(I)
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• pp.267-272
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• 2000

The modeling on uplift pressure on the foundation of a dam on which it was constructed, and on the interface between the dam and foundation is a critical aspect in the analysis of concrete gravity dams. The evaluation of stress intensity factor at the crack tip of concrete gravity dam due to uplift pressure effect by surface integral method is performed in this study. The effects of body force, overtopping pressure and water pressure on the crack-face are also considered in this study.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.765-773
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• 2016

The vehicle interior noise caused by exterior fluid flow field is one of critical issues for product developers in a design stage. Especially, turbulence and vortex flow around A-pillar and side mirror affect vehicle interior noise through a side window. The reliable numerical prediction of the noise in a vehicle cabin due to exterior flow requires distinguishing between the aerodynamic (incompressible) and the acoustic (compressible) surface pressures as well as accurate computation of surface pressure due to this flow, since the transmission characteristics of incompressible and compressible pressure waves are quite different from each other. In this paper, effective signal processing technique is proposed to separate them. First, the exterior flow field is computed by applying computational aeroacoustics techniques based on the Lattice Boltzmann method. Then, the wavenumber-frequency analysis is performed for the time-space pressure signals in order to characterize pressure fluctuations on the surface of a vehicle side window. The wavenumber-frequency diagrams of the power spectral density shows clearly two distinct regions corresponding to the hydrodynamic and the acoustic components of the surface pressure fluctuations. Lastly, decomposition of surface pressure fluctuation into incompressible and compressible ones is successfully accomplished by taking the inverse Fourier transform on the wavenumber-frequency diagrams.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.193-203
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• 2004

표면이 거친 강성옹벽의 경우 뒷채움재에서 발생하는 아칭효과로 인해 옹벽에는 비선형의 토압분포가 작용하며, 아칭효과가 비선형의 토압분포에 미치는 영향은 옹벽의 변위 형태에 따라 달라진다. 따라서 강성옹벽에 작용하는 주동토압의 크기와 비선형의 토압분포를 정확하게 산정하기 위해서는 옹벽의 변위형태에 따라 달라지는 뒷채움재에 서 발생하는 실제적 인 파괴면 형상과 아칭효과를 고려해야만 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 강성옹벽이 저점을 중심으로 회전하는 경우에 뒷채움재에서의 아칭효과와 비선형의 파괴면 형상을 고려함으로써 비선형의 주동토압을 산정할 수 있는 토압산정식을 제안하였다. 이 과정에서 토압산정식이 수학적으로 복잡해지는 것을 피하기 위하여 뒷채움재에서 발생하는 비선형의 파괴면 형상은 4개의 직선으로 구성되는 가상의 파괴면으로 대체하였다. 그리고 제안식으로부터 구한 예측치를 기존의 모형시험 결과와 비교한 결과 제안식은 만족스런 토압 예측치를 제공하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.354-361
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• 2008

Cold rolled steel sheet for automotive was treated by Ar/$O_2$ atmospheric pressure plasma to improve the adhesive bonding strength. Through the contact angle test and calculation of surface free energy for cold rolled steel sheet, the changes of surface properties were investigated before and after plasma treatment. The contact angle was decreased and surface free energy was increased after plasma treatment. And the change of surface roughness and morphology were observed by AFM(Atomic Force Microscope). The surface roughness of steel sheet was slightly changed. Based on Taguchi method, single lap shear test was performed to investigate the effect of experimental parameter such as plasma power, treatment time and flow rate of $O_2$ gas. Results shows that the bonding strength of steel sheet treated in Ar/$O_2$ atmospheric pressure plasma was improved about 20% compared with untreated sheet.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

대기압 플라즈마를 이용하여 폴리프로필렌 필름의 표면을 처리한 후 각각 극성 용매(water)와 비극성 용매(diiodomethane)를 사용한 접촉각 측정기로 필름 표면의 접촉각을 측정하였다. 측정된 접촉각을 이용해 표면 자유에너지 변화를 계산한 후 대기압 플라즈마 처리 전후의 폴리프로필렌 필름의 접촉각과 표면 자유에너지 상태를 비교, 분석하였다. 또한 대기압 플라즈마의 처리 조건을 바꿔가며 폴리프로필렌 필름 표면을 처리함으로써 접촉각과 표면 자유에너지가 각각의 처리 조건에 따라 어떠한 영향을 받는지 연구하였다. 대기압 플라즈마 처리 조건에 따라 접촉각 및 표면 자유에너지는 최적값을 보여주거나 일정한 값에 도달하는 경향을 보여 주었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1496-1508
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• 1997

The effects of porous wind fence on the pressure characteristics around a 2-dimensional prism model of triangular cross-section were investigated experimentally. The fence and prism model were embedded in a neutral atmospheric surface boundary layer over the city suburb. In this study, various fences of different porosity, back fence, inclination angle of prism and location of additional back prisms were tested to investigate their effects on the pressure and wall shear stress of the prism surface. The fence and prism had the same height of 40 mm and Reynolds number based on the model height was Re=3.9*10$^{4}$. The porous fence with porosity 40% was found to be the best wind fence for decreasing the mean and pressure fluctuations on the prism surface. By installing the fence of porosity 40%, the wall shear stress on the windward surface of prism was largely decreased up to 1/3 of that without the fence. This indicates that the porous fence is most effective to abate the wind erosion. Pressure fluctuations on the model surface were decreased more than half when a back fence was located behind the prism in addition to the front fence. With locating several back prisms and decreasing the inclination angle of triangular prism, the pressure fluctuations on the model surface were increased on the contrary.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2016

A study on the micro particle blasting was conducted to find the optimum conditions of the blasted surface of aluminum 6061. The particle type such as $Al_2O_3$ and SiC, nozzle diameter, pressure, standoff distance and injection time were used as blasting conditions. Statistical method of orthogonal arrays(ANOVA) was used to find optimum conditions of maximum depth and maximum diameter of blasted surface. Particle type, nozzle diameter, and pressure were found to be the main factors of maximum blasted depth and diameter. Maximum blasted diameter was affected by increasing pressure and nozzle diameter but saturated maximum diameter. Maximum blasted depth was affected by pressure and nozzle diameter when aluminum 6061 was blasted with $Al_2O_3$ particle. The value of surface roughness was increased as pressure and nozzle diameter increased when aluminum 6061 was blasted with SiC.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.250-254
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• 2006

Effect of hydrogen partial pressure ratio on the structural and electrical properties of highly c-axis oriented ZnO films deposited by oxygen ion-assisted pulsed filtered vacuum arc at a room temperature was investigated. The hydrogen partial pressure ratio were $1.4%\sim9.8%$ at 40% oxygen pressure ratio. The conductivity of ZnO:H films was increased from 1.4% up to 4.2% due to relatively high carrier mobility caused by improvement of crystallinity While the conductivity of ZnO:H films were decreased over than 4.2% and (0002) orientation was also deteriorated. The lowest resistivity of ZnO:H films was $2.5{\times}10^{-3}\;{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ at 4.2% of hydrogen pressure ratio. Transmittance of ZnO:H films in visible range was 85% which is lower than that of undoped ZnO films because of declined preferred orientation.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.371-378
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• 1996

An RF inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch has been developed as a typical thermal plasma generator and reactor. It has been applied to various materials processings such as plasma flash evaporation, thermal plasma CVD, plasma spraying, and plasma waste disposal. The RF ICP reactor has been generally operated under one atmospheric pressure. Lately the characteristics of low pressure RF ICP is attracting a great deal of attention in the field of plasma application. In our researches of RF plasma applications, low pressure RF ICP is mainly used. In many cases, the plasma generated by the ICP torch under low pressure seems to be rather capacitive, but high density ICP can be easily generated by our RF plasma torch with 3 turns coil and a suitable maching circuiit, using 13.56 MHz RF generator. Plasma surface modification (surface hardening by plasma nitriding and plasma carbo-nitriding), plasma synthesis of AIN, and plasma CVD of BN, B-C-N compound and diamond were practiced by using low pressure RF plasma, and the effects of negative and positive bias voltage impression to the substrate on surface modification and CVD were investigated in details. Only a part of the interesting results obtained is reported in this paper.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1993년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.145-145
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• 1993

In bicycle design, saddle is the major part which effects the subjective comfort of rider. This study examines the correlation between the subjective comfort and elastic body pressure. The elastic body pressure measuring instrument for free-form surface such as saddle is developed by force sensor register, A/D converter and computer. The subjective comfort is measured quantit- atively by 11-point scale method and the elastic body pressure distribution is obtained through 3 different saddles at 4 postures. The pressure distribution is presented by computerized equi- pressure contour. While mean pressure, standard deviation of pressure, maximum pressure are inversely proportional to subjective comfort, the modified saddle-bearing weight which is the surface integral of pressure is directly proportional. Consequently, standard deviation of pressure is most important characteristic which affects variation of subjective comfort.