• Journal of Korean Medical Science
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• 제33권44호
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• pp.273.1-273.15
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• 2018

Background: Sparganosis is a larval cestodiasis caused by the plerocercoid of Spirometra spp. Since the first description of human sparganosis in 1924, several hundred cases have been reported in Korea. However, systematic approaches for literature surveys of Korean sparganosis have seldom appeared. Methods: We searched publicly available databases such as PubMed, Research Information Sharing Service, and Korea Medical Citation Index with relevant Medical Subject Headings. Results: At least 438 Korean sparganosis cases have been described from 1924 to 2015. Preoperative diagnosis has been significantly increased since the 1980s due to popularization of serological and imaging diagnostics. Cases were largely detected from fifth decades in general, but cerebral sparganosis was detected in relatively young age groups (third and fourth decades). Sparganosis was prevalent in men (75.9%). Consumption of frog/snake and drinking unfiltered water were found in 63.4% and 16.9% of patients, respectively. Most frequently affected sites were subcutaneous tissues (49.9%), followed by the central nervous system (36.2%). Involvements of visceral organs (7.6%), ocular regions (3.6%), and muscles (2.7%) were noticed. In women, breast sparganosis constituted a large proportion (34.2%). Sparganosis associated with immunocompromised patients has recently been reported. Conclusion: Sparganosis has been continuously reported in Korea during the past 90 years, although its incidence has decreased during the last 20 years. The disease is mostly characterized by subcutaneous nodule, but infection of the worm in vital organs often results in serious illness. Continuous awareness is warranted to monitor sparganosis occurrence and associated clinical consequences.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.270-274
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• 2018

Background: Nasal bone fractures occur frequently because the nasal bone is located at the forefront of the face. The goal of this study was to examine the cause, change in severity, change in incidence, and demographics of nasal bone fracture according to today's lifestyle. Methods: A total of 2,092 patients diagnosed as having nasal bone fractures at our department between 2002 and 2017 were included in this study. We retrospectively examined patients' medical records to extract information regarding age, sex, cause of injury, combined facial bone fractures, and related injuries such as skull base fracture, spinal cord injury, brain hemorrhage, and other bone fractures. Fracture severity was classified by nasal bone fracture type. Results: No statistically significant difference was found in annual number of patients treated for nasal bone fracture. The proportion of patients who underwent closed reduction was significantly decreased over time for those with nasal bone fractures caused by traffic accidents. However, it was not significantly changed for those with nasal bone fractures due to other causes. The number of patients with combined facial bone fractures increased over time. Incidences of severe nasal bone fracture also increased over time. Conclusion: The study suggested that there is a decrease in the frequency and increase in the severity of nasal bone fracture due to traffic accident. Many protective devices prevent nasal bone fractures caused by a small amount of external force; however, these devices are not effective against higher amounts of external force. This study highlights the importance of preoperative thorough evaluation to manage patients with nasal bone fractures due to traffic accident.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations between measurements made using panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) based on certain anatomical landmarks of the jaws, with the goal of preventing complications due to inaccurate measurements in the pre-surgical planning phase of dental implant placement. Materials and Methods: A total of 56 individuals who underwent panoramic radiography and a CBCT evaluation before dental implant surgery were enrolled in the study. Measurements were performed to identify the shortest vertical distance between the alveolar crest and neighboring anatomical structures, including the maxillary sinus, nasal floor, mandibular canal, and foramen mentale. The differences between the measurements on panoramic radiography and CBCT images were statistically analyzed. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the measurements on panoramic radiography and CBCT for all anatomical structures (P<.05). The correlation coefficients (r) between the paired samples obtained from panoramic radiography and CBCT were closely correlated (P<.05), with r values varying from 0.921 and 0.979 for different anatomical regions. Conclusion: The results of this study support the idea that panoramic radiography might provide sufficient information on bone height for preoperative implant planning in routine cases or when CBCT is unavailable. However, an additional CBCT evaluation might be helpful in cases where a safety margin cannot be respected due to insufficient bone height.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.323-328
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• 2021

Background Lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat lymphedema. Volumetric measurements and quality-of-life assessments are often performed to assess the effectiveness of LVA, but there is no method that provides information regarding postoperative morphological changes in lymphatic vessels and veins after LVA. Photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL) is an optical imaging technique that visualizes the distribution of light-absorbing molecules, such as hemoglobin or indocyanine green (ICG), and provides three-dimensional images of superficial lymphatic vessels and the venous system simultaneously. In this study, we performed PAL in lymphedema patients before and after LVA and compared the images to evaluate the effect of LVA. Methods PAL was performed using the PAI-05 system in three patients (one man, two women) with lymphedema, including one primary case and two secondary cases, before LVA. ICG fluorescence lymphography was performed in all cases before PAL. Follow-up PAL was performed between 5 days and 5 months after LVA. Results PAL enabled the simultaneous visualization of clear lymphatic vessels that could not be accurately seen with ICG fluorescence lymphography and veins. We were also able to observe and analyze morphological changes such as the width and the number of lymphatic vessels and veins during the follow-up PAL after LVA. Conclusions By comparing preoperative and postoperative PAL images, it was possible to analyze the morphological changes in lymphatic vessels and veins that occurred after LVA. Our study suggests that PAL would be useful when assessing the effect of LVA surgery.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.640-646
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• 2023

Objective: Prospective studies on postoperative residual breast tissue (RBT) after robotic-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomy (R-NSM) for breast cancer are limited. RBT presents an unknown risk of local recurrence or the development of new cancer after curative or risk-reducing mastectomies. This study investigated the technical feasibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate RBT after R-NSM in women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: In this prospective pilot study, 105 patients, who underwent R-NSM for breast cancer at Changhua Christian Hospital between March 2017 and May 2022, were subjected to postoperative breast MRI to evaluate the presence and location of RBT. The postoperative MRI scans of 43 patients (age, 47.8 ± 8.5 years), with existing preoperative MRI scans, were evaluated for the presence and location of RBT. In total, 54 R-NSM procedures were performed. In parallel, we reviewed the literature on RBT after nipple-sparing mastectomy, considering its prevalence. Results: RBT was detected in 7 (13.0%) of the 54 mastectomies (6 of the 48 therapeutic mastectomies and 1 of the 6 prophylactic mastectomies). The most common location for RBT was behind the nipple-areolar complex (5 of 7 [71.4%]). Another RBT was found in the upper inner quadrant (2 of 7 [28.6%]). Among the six patients who underwent RBT after therapeutic mastectomies, one patient developed a local recurrence of the skin flap. The other five patients with RBT after therapeutic mastectomies remained disease-free. Conclusion: R-NSM, a surgical innovation, does not seem to increase the prevalence of RBT, and breast MRI showed feasibility as a noninvasive imaging tool for evaluating the presence and location of RBT.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.185-198
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• 2024

Purpose: Peritoneal washing cytology (PWC) is a widely used diagnostic tool for detecting peritoneal metastasis of advanced gastric cancer. However, the prognosis of patients with positive PWC remains poor even after gastrectomy, and treatments vary among institutions and eras. In this study, we identified the clinical factors that can help predict cytology-positive (CY(+)) gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the national data of patients with gastric cancer from 2019, as provided by the Information Committee of the Korean Gastric Cancer Association. Of the 13,447 patients with gastric cancer, 3,672 underwent PWC. Based on cytology results, we analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and assessed the possibility of CY(+) outcomes in relation to T and N stages. Results: Of the 3,270 patients who underwent PWC without preoperative chemotherapy, 325 were CY(+), whereas 2,945 were negative. CY(+) was more commonly observed in patients with Borrmann type IV gastric cancer, an undifferentiated histological type, and advanced pathological stages. Multivariate analysis revealed Borrmann type IV (odds ratio [OR], 1.821), tumor invasion to T3-4 (OR, 2.041), and lymph node metastasis (OR, 3.155) as independent predictors of CY(+). Furthermore, for circular tumor location, the N stage emerged as a significant risk factor for CY(+), particularly when the tumor was located on the posterior wall (PW) side. Conclusions: Lymph node metastasis significantly affects CY(+) outcomes, particularly when the tumor is located on the PW side. Therefore, PWC should be considered not only in suspected serosal exposure cases but also in cases of lymph node metastasis.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2021

목적: 일차 슬관절 전치환술 시에는 일반적으로 가능한 한 구속력이 적은 치환물을 이용한 슬관절 전치환술이 권장된다. 그럼에도 불구하고 후방 십자인대 보존형 혹은 대치형 치환물로 적절한 슬관절 안정성을 얻기가 불가능한 경우에는 수술 중 내·외반 구속형 슬관절 치환물로 전환을 고려해야 한다. 내·외반 구속형 치환물이 항시 구비되어 있지 않는 국내 현실을 감안하여 일차 슬관절 전치환술의 효율적인 술 전 계획을 위해 내·외반 구속형 슬관절 치환물을 준비하는 적응증을 제시하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 5월부터 2016년 2월까지 시행되었던 일차 슬관절 전치환술 1,797예 중 내·외반 구속형 슬관절 치환물로 일차 슬관절 전치환술이 시행되었던 27명(29예)를 대상으로 내·외반 구속형 슬관절 치환물로 최종 결정한 원인 등을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 일차 슬관절 전치환술 시 내·외반 구속형 슬관절 치환물이 사용된 경우는 전체 일차 슬관절 전치환술 중 29예로 1.6%의 빈도를 보였다. 남자 6명, 여자 21명이었으며, 2명에서 양측 모두 내·외반 구속형 치환물이 필요하였다. 환자의 나이는 평균 63.4세(34-79세)였고, 술 전 최대신전각도는 평균 16.2° (-20°-90°), 최대굴곡각도는 평균 111.7° (35°-145°)였다. 일차 슬관절 전치환술 시 내·외반 구속형 치환물이 필요하였던 원인으로는 심한 외반 변형으로 내·외반 불안정성을 보강하기 위한 경우가 10예, 심한 강직으로 인해 내·외반 구속형 치환물이 사용되었던 경우가 10예였으며, 과거력상 내측측부인대 4예, 외측측부인대 1예, 원위 대퇴골과의 무혈성 괴사로 인한 경우가 4예였다. 심한 외반 변형으로 수술을 시행한 10예 경우의 술 전 슬관절 전후방기립 사진상 해부학적 대퇴경골간각은 평균 25.7° (21°-43°)의 외반각을 보였고, 심한 강직으로 수술을 시행한 10예 경우의 굴곡 구축은 평균 37.5° (20°-90°), 관절운동범위는 평균 48.5° (10°-70°)였다. 결론: 20° 이상의 해부학적 대퇴경골간각의 외반 변형, 굴곡 구축 20° 이상 및 관절운동범위 70° 이하를 가진 관절운동 제한, 과거 측부인대 손상 병력이 의심되는 경우에는 일차슬관절 전치환술 시라도 술 전 계획 시 내·외반 구속형 치환물을 준비하는 것이 수술 중 발생할 수 있는 불안정성의 해결에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권12호
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• pp.992-998
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• 2004

배경 및 목적: 식도암의 병기 결정은 병변의 절제 가능성 여부를 결정하고 환자의 예후를 예측하는 데 지대한 영향을 미친다. 흉부 전산화 단층 촬영(Computerized Tomography, CT)은 식도암의 병기 결정을 위해 현재까지 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 진단 방법 중의 하나이지만, 다양한 위양성 및 위음성 소견에 의해 제한점들이 보고되고 있다. 이에 본 저자는 수술 전 식도암의 병기 결정에 있어서 흉부 CT의 유용성에 대해 연구하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1999년 1월부터 2003년 6월까지 식도 편평 상피 세포 암으로 진단받고 수술을 시행한 환자 114예를 대상으로 수술 전 CT에 의한 병기와 수술 후 조직 소견에 의한 병기를 후향적으로 비교 분석하였다. CT 진단에 의한 주변 조직 침습, 림프절 침범, 그리고 원위부 전이 여부 등을 관찰하고, 이를 수술 후 조직 병리 소견과 비교함으로써, 이들의 진단에 대한 CT의 민감도(Sensitivity), 특이도(Specificity), 정확도(Accuracy) 및 일치도(Reproducibility)를 구하였다. 일치도는 Z-test를 시행하여 통계적 유의성을 평가하였다. 결과: 식도암의 CT에 의한 병기와 조직 병리 소견에 의한 병기의 일치도는 원발성 종양의 국소 침윤의 경우 0.32 (p<0.01), 림프절 전이에 대하여는 0.36 (p<0.01)이었으며, 원위부 장기에 대한 전이 여부에 대하여는 0.62 (p<0.01)이었다. 림프절 전이나 원거리 전이에 대한 CT와 조직 병리 소견의 일치도는 종양의 국소 침윤에 대한 일치도보다 우수하였다. 원발성 종양의 주변 장기 침습에 대한 CT의 정확도는 71군(78.9%)과 72군 (62.3%)에 비해 73군(65.8%)과 74군(98.2%)에서 우수하였다. 또한 식도암의 국소 종양 침윤에 대한 CT진단은 각 병기별로 민감도에 비해 특이도가 높았다. 결론: 식도암의 병기 결정에 있어 CT진단은 종양에 의한 식도 벽의 침습 정도를 파악하는 것보다 주위 조직이나 장기, 그리고 림프절의 전이를 파악하는데 더 유용함을 알 수 있었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2009

Bone density in the recipient implant site seems to be an important factor for long term success of endosseous implants. Preoperative evaluation of bone density is very helpful to assist the clinician with the treatment planning of implant therapy. Accurate information on bone density will help the surgeon identify suitable implant sites, thereby improving the success rate of the procedure. Purpose; The aim of this study was to evaluate a correlation between bone density measured preoperatively with computerized tomography and histologically measured bone density by bone biopsy. Patients and methods; Twenty seven patients were selected. All the patients were in good health, with no systemic disorder and additional bone graft. Preoperatively the patients underwent CT scanning to evaluate Houmsfield Unit(HU). Each patients wore a surgical template for implant placement. During surgery 2mm in diameter and 6mm in length specimens were taken. Histomorphometric analysis was performed using digitalized image analysis software Axiovision 4.3. Also, the Resonance frequency analysis(RFA) and insertion torque values were recorded. Results; The highest histomorphometric values was found in the posterior mandible $32.3{\pm}3.8$, followed by $29.9{\pm}2.6$ for the posterior maxilla, $29.4{\pm}2.6$ for the anterior maxilla, $28.6{\pm}2.3$ for the anterior mandible(p=0.214). The hounsfield unit was $989.2{\pm}258.1$ in the posterior mandible, $845.0{\pm}241.5$ in the anterior maxilla, $744.5{\pm}92.6$ in the anterior mandible, $697.3{\pm}136.9$ in the posterior maxilla(p=0.045). This results may suggest that there are strong correlation between the histomorphometric values and hounsfield unit(r=0.760, p<0.05). The RF measurements were $81.9{\pm}2.4$ ISQ in the posterior mandible, $79.0{\pm}1.4$ ISQ in the anterior mandible, $78.3{\pm}4.6$ ISQ in the posterior maxilla, $76.5{\pm}5.0$ ISQ in the anterior maxilla(p=0.048). The insertion torque values was $43.2{\pm}4.2\;Ncm$ in the posterior mandible, $42.0{\pm}0.0\;Ncm$ in the anterior mandible, $41.3{\pm}4.1\;Ncm$ in the posterior maxilla, $40.8{\pm}3.8\;Ncm$ in the anterior maxilla(p=0.612). This results may suggest that there are statistical significance between the hounsfield unit and the insertion torque values(r=0.494, p<0.05), the histomorphometric values and the insertion torque values(r=0.689, p<0.05). But there was no correlation between histomorphometric values and ISQ. There was no statistical significance in age and gender effect on parameters. Conclusions; There was significant correlations between bone density and implant stability parameters. The bone density measurements using preoperative CT may help clinicians to predict primary stability before implant insertion, which is associated with implant survival rates.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to identify correlations between keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) data from CT sections, and data on the KCOT clinical manifestation and resulting dental expenses. Materials and Methods: Following local Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, a seven-years of retrospective study was performed regarding patients with KCOTs treated at the Seoul National University Dental Hospital. A total of 180 KCOT were included in this study. The following information was collected: age, gender, location and size of the lesion, radiological features, surgical treatment provided and dental expenses. Results: There was no significant association between the size of the KCOT and age, gender, and presenting preoperative symptoms. In both jaws, it was unusual to find KCOTs under 10 mm. The correlation between the number of teeth removed and the size of the KCOT in the tooth bearing area was statistically significant in the mandible, whereas in the maxilla, no significant relationship was found. Dental expenses compared with the size of the KCOT were found to be significant in both jaws. Conclusion: The size of KCOT was associated with a significant increase in dental expenses for both jaws and the number of teeth removed from the mandible. These findings emphasize the importance of routine examinations and early detection of lesions, which in turn helps preserving anatomical structures and reducing dental expenses.