• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2004

Objective: To assess the association with autoimmune endocrine diseases and detection rate of autoimmune antibodies and its clinical significance in patients with premature ovarian failure. Methods: Twenty eight patients with primary or secondary amenorrhea manifesting hormonal and clinical features of premature ovarian failure (primary POF: 7, secondary POF: 21) were investigated. We tested them TFT, 75 g OGTT, ACTH and S-cortisol for thyroiditis, IDDM, Addison's disease, and antithyoglobulin antibody, antimicrosomal antibody, antinuclear antibody, rheumatic factor, anti-smooth muscle antibody, anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody for non-organ specific autoimmune disorders. Results: Only one patient was diagnosed as IDDM and no patients had abnormal TFT or adrenal function test. More than one kind of autoantibody was detected in 11 patients of all (39.2%): 5 patients (71.4%) of primary POF group and 6 patients (21.4%) of secondary POF group. Eleven patients (39.3%) had antithyroglobulin antibody, 4 (14.3%) had antimicrosomal antibody, 2 (7.1%) had antinuclear antibody, 2 (7.1%) had rheumatic factor, 1 (3.6%) had anti-smooth muscle antibody, 1 (3.6%) had anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody. Conclusions: Premature ovarian failure may occur as a component of an autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, so patients should be measured with free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, fasting glucose and electrolytes. Measurement of thyroid autoantibodies in POF patients may be important in identifying patients at risk of developing overt hypothyoidism, but other autoantibodies may not be suitable for screening test.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.374-379
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• 1994

This paper deals with the problem of plate separation and anchorage at the ends of steel plates strengthened by EBSP. Test results show that the reinforced concrete beams strengthened by EBSP occurs the premature failure without the beams achieving their full flexural strength at the end of plates. The premature failure is the cause of stress concentrations in the adhesive layer of plate, reinforced concrete incase of lack of plate length. Then a simple, approximate procedure for predicting the shear and normal stress concentrations is investigated by Robert's the ory based on partial interaction theory. The theoretical results are compared, and show close agreement with test results. A method is derived for determining the plate length that prevents the premature anchorage zone failure

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1221-1236
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• 2016

Modular structures consist of standardized modules and their connections. A modular bridge pier is proposed to accelerate bridge construction. Multiple concrete-filled steel tubes (CFTs) using commercial steel tubes were chosen as the main members. Buckling restrained bracings and enhanced connection details were designed to prevent premature low-cycle fatigue failure upon cyclic loading. The pier had a height of 7.95 m, widths of 2.5 m and 2.0 m along the strong and weak axis, respectively. Cyclic tests were performed on the modular pier to investigate structural performance. Test results showed that four CFT columns reached yielding without a premature failure of the bracing connections. The ultimate capacity of the modular pier was reasonably estimated based on the plastic-hinge-analysis concept. The modular CFT pier with enhanced bracing showed improved displacement ductility without premature failure at the welding joints.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.668-676
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• 2002

바닥판은 주형 또는 하부구조 등에 비하여 손상이 많이 발생하기 때문에 탄소섬유쉬트와 같은 섬유보강재를 사용하여 손상된 바닥판의 내하력을 향상시키기 위한 성능향상 공법의 적용이 증가하고 있다. 그러나 섬유보강재와 콘크리트사이의 계면을 에폭시를 사용하여 일체화시키는 외부착공법의 특성상 하중위치 및 보강방법 등에 따라 보강재가 조기에 박리되는 현상이 발생할 수 있으며, 특히 이방향 균열의 성장에 의하여 손상이 진행되는 바닥판의 경우에는 보강된 보 구조물에서 일반적으로 발생하는 단부박리현상보다는 균열폭의 증가에 의하여 발생하는 계면박리 현상이 많이 발생하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 성능향상된 바닥판의 계면박리를 해석하기 위하여 균열폭과 부착응력의 관계로부터 계면박리가 발생하는 임계부착응력과 임계 균열을 산정할 수 있는 이론적인 해석식을 제안하였다. 또한 보강된 바닥판 시험체에 대한 정적 시험결과와의 비교를 통하여 제안식의 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.20-39
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the domestic study trends on premature ovarian failure (POF) treated with Korean medicine. Methods: We investigated the studies on Korean medicine treatment for premature ovarian failure via searching 4 online databases. Results: 13 clinical studies were selected. All studies were the noncomparative studies, and mainly case reports. Studies were publicated from 2001 to 2019 and the number of studies with 1 subject was the greatest (76.9%). In accompanying symptoms, there was a study which did not report entire cases. In the 11 case reports (13 subjects), the most accompanying symptoms was hot flush (69.2%). In treatment of premature ovarian failure, the most used treatment was herbal medicine, which was used in all studies. Acupuncture treatment was used in 6 studies (46.2%) and moxibustion treatment was used in 8 studies (61.5%). The most common acupuncture point was 內關 (SP6) in acupuncture treatment, and was 關元 (CV4) in moxibustion treatment. The duration of treatment was between 1 month and 20 months, the average 7.76 months. Used outcome measurements were hormone test (84.6%), menstruation (76.9%), Visual analog sclale (VAS) (15.4%), ultrasonography (15.4%), Numeral rating scale (NRS), Body basal temperature (BBT) and Kupperman index (7.7%). In total 70 subjects, 13 subjects (18.6%) became pregnancy and 25 subjects (35.7%) had no effect. Follow up was reported in 6 studies, and the average duration of follow up was 141.63 days. Conclusions: Further clinical trials are needed to establish the evidence for Korean Medicine treatment for premature ovarian failure.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2008

목 적: 조기난소부전 환자의 10$\sim$20%에서 난소기능이 회복될 수 있다고 하며 간헐적으로 배란이 되고 심지어는 임신이 가능할 수 있다는 보고가 있다. 그러나 한국의 조기난소부전 여성의 임상적 특징과 배란가능성은 논의된 적이 없다. 이 연구의 목적은 한국인 조기난소부전 환자에서 자연 난포의 발생 빈도와 배란유도의 가능성을 평가하는 것이다. 연구방법: 특발성 조기난소부전으로 진단된 15명 여성의 전체 진료기록을 후향적으로 연구하였다. 환자별로 6번 이상의 초음파 검사를 시행하였고 36개월 이상의 기간 동안 추적관찰을 하였다. 또한 4명의 환자에서 6주기의 배란유도시도를 하였다. 조사항목은 초음파 검사에서 난포의 발견율, 자연 난포 성장률과 배란유도를 시행한 경우에 그 반응을 평가하여 결과를 분석하였다. 결 과: 15명 중 6명은 초음파상 난포가 발견되었나 (40%) 초음파 검사 당 난포 발견 빈도는 7%였다 (115회 중 8회). 6명 중 한 명은 초음파 추적관찰 상 배란이 확인되었고 나머지 5명은 크기에 변화가 없었다. 배란유도를 시도한 6명 중 성공적인 난포 성장이 관찰된 예는 없었다. 결 론: 한국인 조기난소부전 환자에서 난포의 발견율은 이전 서양 연구에 비하여 낮다고 생각되지만 관찰 방법에 차이가 있어 직접비교는 불가능하다. 배란유도의 성공율은 0%로서 이전 연구에서 발표된 수준보다 낮았다.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제24권A호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2004

Each year, new technological advancements for repair-purpose are being introduced to overlay the old deterioration of RC bridge deck at highway by latex-modified concrete. The days may come when this old problem will be successfully resolved. While the experimental works and researches are very active at both laboratory and field, only a few theoretical studies were performed on interfacial problems, especially on stress distribution and concentration of RC beam overlayed by latex-modified concrete. The repaired and strengthened structures would induce a premature failure due to the stress concentration at the adhesive layer of different material before the design expected failure. This paper investigated and proposed an analytical model for predicting interfacial shear and normal stresses of RC beam repair-purpose overlayed by latex-modified concrete. This would be used for predicting interfacial stresses and preventing premature failure at interfaces. This study modified Smith-Teng method for applying to cementitious repairing material, which was based on a direct governing equation and linear-elastic approach for interfacial normal and shear stresses. The proposed theoretical model was verified using commercial FEA program, LUSAS, in terms of interfacial stresses predicted by the proposed model and calculated by LUSAS.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

Several techniques have been developed for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) members by using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. However, debonding of FRP retrofits from concrete substrate still deemed as a challenging concern in their application which needs to be scrutinized in details. As a result, this paper reports on the results of an experimental investigation on shear strengthening of RC beams using near surface mounted (NSM) FRP reinforcing bars. The main objective of the experimentation was increasing the efficiency of shear retrofits by precluding/postponing the premature debonding failure. The experimental program was comprised of six shear deficient RC beams. The test parameters include the FRP rebar spacing, inclination angle, and groove shape. Also, an innovative modification was introduced to the conventional NSM technique and its efficiency was evaluated by experimental observation and measurement. The results testified the efficiency of glass FRP (GFRP) rebars in increasing the shear strength of the test specimens retrofitted using conventional NSM technique. However, debonding of FRP bars impeded exploiting all retrofitting advantages and induced a premature shear failure. On the contrary, application of the proposed modified NSM (MNSM) technique was not only capable of preventing the premature debonding of FRP bars, but also could replace the failure mode of specimen from the brittle shear to a ductile flexural failure which is more desirable.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표대회 논문집(III)
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• pp.821-826
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• 1998

The design methods for the steel plate strengthened RC structures are not well established yet because the structural behavior of plated RC beams is more complex than that of regular unplated ones. The main purpose of this paper is to present the premature failure mechanism of steel plate strengthened RC beams. The analytical models of interfacial stress and normal are also proposed in this paper. The comparisons between the analytical results using the proposed theory and experimental ones relatively satisfied.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 2003년도 제44차 춘계학술대회
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• pp.29-38
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• 2003