• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.499-504
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• 2002

The microstructural change associated with the hardness profile in friction stir welded, age-hardenable 6005 Al alloy had been evaluated. Frictional heat and plastic flow during friction stir welding created the fine recrystallized grain (Stir Zone, SZ), the elongated and recovered grain (Thermo-Mechanical Affected Zone, TMAZ) in the weld zone. Heat affected zone (HAZ), which could be only identified by hardness test because there is no difference in the grain structure compared with that of the base metal, was formed beside the weld zone. A softened region had been formed near the weld zone during friction stir welding process. The softened region was characterized by the dissolution and coarsening of the strengthening precipitate during the friction stir welding. The sound joints of 6005 Al alloys were successfully formed under a wide range of the friction stir welding conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.693-699
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• 1996

YIG precursor powder was obtained by homogeneous precipitation in chloride salt solution by thermal decom-position of urea. It was found that ferric ions precipitated prior to yttrium ions. The precipitate was minute and spherical in shape. The precipitate formed consisted of the mixture of amorphous and ferric oxyhydroxide. Crystallization of YIG was proceeded by solid state reaction of intermediate YFeO3 and Fe2O3 in the temperature range of 85$0^{\circ}C$ to 140$0^{\circ}C$. Single phase of YIG was obtained by heat-treatment of the powder at 140$0^{\circ}C$ for 6 hrs in air. The powder calcined was molded into pellets and sintered in air. The maximum density of 4,92 g/cm3(95.1% of theoretical density) was obtainable for the pellet sintered at 145$0^{\circ}C$ using the powder calcined at 90$0^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2002

The objectives of this study were to investigate the change of silicon, cations and anions dissolved in water before and after thawing, and analyzed what the white-colored precipitate (WP) farmed after thawing was composed of. The silicon concentration that has been changed might have been compared with the weight of WP under water-free state. The major component of WP has been approved to be a silicon, while calsium was only a little contained. As the weight of WP has been nearly equal to the reduced silicon concentration, the weight of its could be changeable calculated by silica (SiO$_2$) molecular weight. Therefore, WP could have been presumed to be a silica. The more silicon concentration was increased, the more weight of silicon was increased. Except for the sample "C", the amounts of cations and anions could be found to be unchangeable nearly. As a result of that, WP has been apparent to be silica itself while most of ions (excluded with Si) of any others were not changed.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 1993

Formation reaction of Mn-Zn ferrite depending on various synthetic conditions of wet process was investigated using FeCl2.nH2O(n≒4), MnCl2.4H2O, ZnCl2 as starting materials. A stable intermediate precipitate was formed by the addition of H2O2. And the precipitate was hard to transform to spinel phase of Mn-Zn Fe2O4. Single phase of Mn-Zn Fe2O4 spinel was obtained above 8$0^{\circ}C$ reaction temperature. The powder had spherical particle shape and 0.02~0.05${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ particle size. Fe(OH)2 solid solution, -FeO(OH) solid solution, -FeOOH, Mn-Zn Fe2O4 spinel were formed with air flow rate 180$\ell$/hr. However, single phase of Mn-Zn Fe2O4 spinel with cubic particle shape and 0.1~0.2${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ particle size was formed with synthetic conditions of 8$0^{\circ}C$ and 90 munutes. The particle shape of the -FeOOH was needle-like.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.1123-1130
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• 1995

In the preparation of manganese zinc ferrite powders by alcoholic dehydration of citrate/formate solution. The effect of pH change on precipitation was investigated. The pH range for obtaining stable precipitates was studied. The glassy phase was obtained when the pH value of solution is higher than 5, and the formation mechanism of glassy phase was suggested. Below pH 5, the stable precipitates were formed, and the optimal pH was 2. Formation of glassy phase was accounted for the change of surface charge by pH change. The change of surface charge is caused by the interparticular agglomeration. The precipitate was redissolved into the water on the surface of precipitate itself and through the polymerization, it agglomerated. This mechanism is tought to be similar to that of viscous flow.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.274-282
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• 1990

SnO2 powder was prepared by hydroxide method and oxalate method. In hydroxide method, the pH dependence of powder characteristics was investigated by using buffer solution. As increasing the pH of solution, SnO2 powder size was decreased because nucleation rate was inctreased by more supersaturation of solution. Also, we found that the powder by our method has larger specific surface area in comaprison with other method. And the degree of agglomeration of precipitate with the change of precipitation temperature was investigated in oxalate method. The SnC2O4 was angular shape precipitate, and the size of the SnC2O4 was increased with the increase of precipitation temperature in methanol solvent.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 1994

When a commercial prealloyed Fe-powder(Fe-5Cr-lMo-2Cu-0.5P-3C) is liquid phase sintered at 116$0^{\circ}C$, liquid precipitates with various shapes form within solid grains during the initial stage of sintering. The shape of a liquid precipitate changes pith the increment of their size from sphere(with radius<0.3$\mu\textrm{m}$), a transient polyhedron with more than 7 faces(1~2 $\mu\textrm{m}$), cuboid(3~5 $\mu\textrm{m}$), and finally to sphere(>5 $\mu\textrm{m}$). The shapes of liquid precipitates closely resemble the growth shapes predicted on the basis of solid-liquid interfacial energy and the coherency strain energy with anisotropic elastic constants in the diffusion zone around the precipitates.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.131-138
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• 2008

The microstructural effects on the ultrasonic nonlinearity were investigated in isothermally degraded ferritic 2.25Cr-1Mo steel and low cycle fatigued copper. The variation in ultrasonic nonlinearity (${\beta}/{\beta}_0$) was interpreted as resulting from microstructural changes supported by the electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, in addition to the mechanical test (Victor's hardness and ductile-brittle transition temperature). The ultrasonic nonlinearity of 2.25Cr-1Mo steel increased abruptly in the initial 1,000 h of degradation, and then changed little due to the coarsening of carbide and precipitation of stable $M_6C$ carbide during isothermal degradation. The ultrasonic nonlinearity of copper increased with the fatigue cycles due to the evolution of dislocation cell substructure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.311-312
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• 2005

The precipitation of U(VI) in the presence of phosphate and carbonate was investigated in the pH range of 4 to 13 and the following was obtained as a result of this experimental condition. U(VI) precipitates as a $NaUO_{2}PO_{4}$ at pH<9 but as mixtures of phosphate, hydroxides and/or carbonate at pH>9. The portion of the phosphate in the precipitate decreases almost linearly to near zero with an increasing pH in the range of 9 to 13. The U(VI) phosphate is dissolved by the carbonate complex formation at pH<10.5. The ternary complex of a carbonate and phosphate is not found.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.137-143
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• 1981

In order to confirm the exact antipyretic component in the earthworm, etherial extract of American earthworm(Red Worm) was fractionated into five fractions by using silica gel column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The fraction including free fatty acids was found to possess artipyretic response and standard arachidonic acid showed marked antipyretic response on typhoid vaccinated rabbits. Arachidonic acid was identified from the free fatty acid fraction of the earthworm by using gas liquid chromatography. Thus it was considered that the antipyretic activity of the free fatty acid may be due to the presence of arachidonic acid. Lipid-free earthworm powder was extracted with phosphate buffer (pH, 8.0, 0.1M) and all the proteins was salted out by ammonium sulfate. The crude precipitate was dialyzed and the impure proteins were eliminated at pH 5.4 and 4.6. The remaining protein solution was fractionated with various concentrations of acetone. The acetone fractions were identified by using S.D.S. polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and disc gel electrophoresis. The precipitate at 85% acetone concentration and the remaining proteins in the supernatant did not exhibit the antipyretic activity.