• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.732-746
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• 2003

Statement of problem. Soft lining materials, also referred to as tissue conditioning materials, tissue heating materials, relining materials, soft liners or tissue conditioners, were first introduced to dentistry by a plastic manufacturer in 1959. Since the introduction of the materials to the dental field, their material properties have been continually improved through the effort of many researchers. Soft lining materials have become widely accepted, particularly by prosthodontists, because of their numerous clinical advantages and ease of manipulation. Unfortunately, few reports have been issued upon the topic of increasing the bond strength between the base metal alloy used in cast denture bases and PMMA soft liner modified with 4-META, nor upon the pattern of debonding and material change in wet environment like a intra oral situation. Purpose. The purposes of this study were comparing the bond strength between base metal alloy used for the cast denture bases and PMMA soft liner modified with 4-META, and describing the pattern of debonding and material property change in wet environment like the intraoral situation. Material and Methods. This study consisted of four experiments: 1. The in vitro measurement of shear bond strength of the adhesive soft liner. 2. The in vitro measurement of shear bond strength of the adhesive soft liner after 2 weeks of aging. 3. A comparison of debonding patterns. 4. An evaluation the Relation time of modified soft liner. The soft liner used in this study was commercially available as Coe-soft (GC America.IL.,USA), which is provided in forms of powder and liquid. This is a PMMA soft liner commonly used in dental clinics. The metal primer used in this study was 4-META containing primer packed in Meta fast denture base resin (Sun Medical Co., Osaka, Japan). The specimens were formed in a single lap joint desist which is useful for evaluating the apparent shear bond strength of adhesively bonded metal plate by tensile loading. Using the $20{\times}20mm$ transparent grid, percent area of adhesive soft liner remaining on the shear area was calculated to classify the debonding patterns. To evaluate the change of the initial flow of the modified adhesive soft liner, the gelation time was measured with an oscillating rheometer (Haake RS150W/ TC50, Haake Co., Germany). It was a stress control and parallel plate type with the diameter of 35mm. Conclusion. Within the conditions and limitations of this study, the following conclusions were drawn as follows. 1. There was significant increase of bond strength in the 5% 4-META, 10% 4-META containing groups and in the primer coated groups versus the control group(P<0.05). 2. After 2 weeks of aging, no significant increase in bond strength was found except for the group containing 10% 4-META (P<0.05). 3. The gelation times of the modified soft liner were 9.3 minutes for the 5% 4-META containing liner and 11.5 minutes for the 10% 4-META liner. 4. The debonding patterns of the 4-META containing group after 2 weeks of aging were similar to those of immediaely after preparation, but the debonding pattern of the primer group showed more adhesive failure after 2 weeks of aging.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.852-863
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• 2016

Wood-plastic composite (WPC) is a promising and sustainable material, and refers to a combination of wood and plastic along with some binding (adhesive) materials. In comparison to pure wood material, WPCs are in general have advantages of being cost effective, high durability, moisture resistance, and microbial resistance. The properties of WPCs come directly from the concentration of different components in composite; such as wood flour concentration directly affect mechanical and physical properties of WPCs. In this study, wood powder concentration in WPC was determined by Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The reflectance spectra from WPC in both powdered and tableted form with five different concentrations of wood powder were collected and preprocessed to remove noise caused by several factors. To correlate the collected spectra with wood powder concentration, multivariate calibration method of partial least squares (PLS) was applied. During validation with an independent set of samples, good correlations with reference values were demonstrated for both FT-NIR and FT-IR data sets. In addition, high coefficient of determination (${R^2}_p$) and lower standard error of prediction (SEP) was yielded for tableted WPC than powdered WPC. The combination of FT-NIR and FT-IR spectral region was also studied. The results presented here showed that the use of both zones improved the determination accuracy for powdered WPC; however, no improvement in prediction result was achieved for tableted WPCs. The results obtained suggest that these spectroscopic techniques are a useful tool for fast and nondestructive determination of wood concentration in WPCs and have potential to replace conventional methods.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2000

Thermal spraying is one of the most common surface coating techniques to be used for many applications and flame spraying covers a wide range of different materials which can be coated onto various substrates. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of mixed ratio in composite coatings on the mechanical and anti-corrosion properties. The five different types of composite coatings were made with $Al_2O_3$ ceramic and Ni-alloy powder on the mild steel substrate by flame spraying method. The mechanical properties such as microhardness, adhesive strength and erosion resistance and corrosion resistance were tested for the sprayed coating specimens. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The composite coating layers greatly improve the microstructure, erosion resistance and adhesive strength by increasing the content of Ni-Al alloy. 2. Microhardness of the compsite coating layer is decreased by increasing the content of Ni-Al alloy. 3. The anti-corrosion properties is considerably improved by increasing the compsite rate of Ni-Al alloy.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.463-471
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• 2019

테이프는 납치, 강도, 폭탄제조 등 강력범죄에 사용되며, 테이프 접착면에는 지문, DNA 등 수사에 필요한 증거가 남아있을 수 있다. 이러한 증거를 수집하기 위해서는 테이프 접착면을 박리하는 과정이 선행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 테이프가 다공성표면에 부착되어 있는 경우에 한 가지 시약을 사용하여 테이프를 손상없이 박리하면서 동시에 다공성표면에서 지문을 현출할 수 있는 새로운 조성의 이중목적시약을 탐색하였다. 실험 결과, 새로운 조성의 1,2-IND 농축용액과 HFE-7100의 비율이 1:2인 조성의 시약이 A4 용지에 테이프가 부착되어 있는 경우 테이프 접착면에 손상이 가지 않으면서, 박리한 종이에 열을 가하여 바로 지문을 현출할 수 있었다. 따라서 테이프가 다공성 표면에 부착되어 있는 경우에 본 연구에서 제시하는 새로운 조성의 1,2-IND(HFE-7100 기반, 1:2)를 사용할 것을 권장한다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.334-344
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• 2023

Dregs from the sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) starch industry are considered a waste product of the agricultural industry and have not yet been optimally utilized. Therefore, this study aimed to manufacture particleboards from dregs using different amounts of adhesive and particle size ratios. Sugar palm dregs, which had been separated into fibers and powder/fine particles, were used as raw material for making particleboards. The fiber had an average length of 6.84 ± 3.23 cm, while the fine particles were of a size that passed through size 10 mesh and remained in size 60 mesh. Three ratios of fiber to fine particles (100:0, 75:25, and 50:50 wt%) with three different amounts of sucrose-citric acid adhesive (10, 15, and 20 wt%) were used in this study. Increasing the amount of fine particles and the resin content can improve the physical properties and the internal bond strength of boards made from sugar palm dregs. The fine particles possibly filled the gap between the fibers in the particleboard, while the fibers exhibited a high bending strength. As a result, a high-performance particleboard can be attained by combining the composition ratio of fiber/fine particles and resin content. In this study, particleboards made from fiber/fine particles (75:25 wt%) and adhesive content of 15 wt% and 20 wt% had the mechanical properties that met the requirements of Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5908 type 18. Sugar palm dregs have the potential to be used as raw materials to create value-added particleboards.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.720-730
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• 1997

This study was performed to observe the histopathological response to the bonding resin directly applied on the remaining pulp tissues. 40 teeth from 3 adult dogs were pulpotomized with a sterile round bur and sharp excarvater. In the control group, $Ca(OH)_2$ powder was applied on the pulp tissue and the cavities were sealed with IRM cement. In the experimental group 1, Superbond C&B was applied on the remaining pulp and the cavities conditioned with 10-3 solution were filled with the mixture of the MMA liquid, PMMA powder and Catalyst. Multi-purpose adhesive was used on the remaining pulp tissue in the experimental group 2 and Z-100 was filled in the cavities. In the experimental group 3, Clearfil photobond applied and directly photo-cured on the pulp tissue, then the cavities were treated with CA agent (10% citric acid and 20% $CaCl_2$ aqueous solution) for 20 seconds, washed and applied with Clearfil photobond then filled with Protect liner. The experimental animals were sacrified at the 1st, 2nd, and 4th week. The specimens were routinely processed and stained with H-E for light microscopic observation. The results were as followed : 1. In the experimental group 1, the number and characteristics of the dentin bridge formation case was similar to those in the control group and less cases were observed in the experimental group 2 and 3 than experimental group 3. The inflammatory response in experimental group 1 was less than that in the control group at 1st week but there had been little difference at between 2nd and 4th week. 2. The number of the dentin bridge in experimental group 2 was less than that in control group and experimental group 1. The inflammatory response of the experimental group 1 was similar to that of experimental group 1 but less than that of the control group. A number of bleeding and vascular congestion were observed. The least inflammatory response was seen in the experimental group 2 among all groups. 3. In the experimental group 3, one case of the dentin bridge formation was observed and that was the same as that in the experimental group 2 but smaller than that of the control and experimental group 1. The inflammatory response of the experimental group 3 was least at the 1st week and most at the 4th week in the all group.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.246-253
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 호박고구마의 산업적 이용 증대 및 식품 가공용 소재 개발을 목적으로 분무건조공정을 이용하여 호박고구마 효소 분해물을 분무건조한 다음 물리화학적 특성 및 소화특성을 조사하였다. 호박고구마 효소 분해물의 불용성 식이섬유, 수용성 식이섬유 및 총 식이섬유 함량은 4.17%, 2.07% 및 6.24% 이었다. 호박고구마 효소 분해물의 분무건조분말 제조는 펙틴을 피복물질로 사용하여 분무건조하였으며, 수분함량 및 전분함량은 1.68-2.46 및 45.32-46.51%였다. 색도는 분무건조 분말에서 L 값 및 a 값은 감소하고 b 값은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 입자크기는 분무건조 분말이 $37.17-42.32{\mu}m$을 나타내어 동결건조 분말 $247.79{\mu}m$에 비하여 유의적으로 작은 크기를 나타내었으며, 입자모양은 전반적으로 구형의 형태에 펙틴 첨가량이 증가할수록 굴곡이 증가하였다. 수분흡수지수는 분무건조 분말에서 1.74-1.91로 동결건조 분말 2.15에 비해 낮은 수분흡수지수를 나타내었으며, 수분용해지수는 분무건조 분말에서 80.75-87.61%로 동결건조 분말(70.47%)보다 높게 나타났다. 장 상피세포 부착능은 분무건조 분말에서 2.66-6.18%를 나타내어 동결건조 분말 1.79%에 비해 높은 부착능을 나타내 장 내 유용 미생물의 증식을 촉진함을 확인하였다. 분무건조 분말의 인체 내 소화 모델에서, 펙틴 1% 첨가 분말은 최종적으로 장액에서 70.09%의 소화율을 나타내어 동결건조 분말 24.23%에 비해 인체내에서의 높은 소화율이 기대 되었다. 따라서 분무건조 분말 제조시 식품산업 활용 측면에서 가공적성이 향상되고 in vitro 인체 내 소화모델에서 소화가 개선된 식품가공용 소재 개발에 있어 산업적으로 적용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.579-585
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• 2017

비다공성 표면에 유류된 지문을 현출하기 위해서는 다양한 기법을 사용할 수 있는데, 분말법은 실무에서 주로 사용되고 있는 기법 중 하나이다. 하지만 분말의 종류가 다양해짐에 따라 각각의 분말마다 권장되는 붓질(stroke) 횟수가 정해져 있지 않아 숙련된 과학수사요원이 잠재지문의 현출정도를 파악하면서 붓질을 해야 하며 현출한 결과물 또한 개개인마다 다르다. 지문 분말은 원료배합과 제조방법에 따라 분말 입자간 서로 붙는 성질이 다양하게 나타나는데 이러한 성질을 자착성(auto-adhesion)이라고 한다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 종류의 지문 분말의 자착 정도를 알아보기 위하여 슬라이드 글라스에 지문을 유류한 후 분말을 각각 1회, 3회, 5회, 10회 적용하여 현출된 지문을 광학현미경으로 배율을 달리하여 관찰하는 실험을 진행하였다. 일부 분말은 붓질 횟수가 증가함에 따라 지문 융선이 더 진하게 현출되는 결과를 보였고 반대로 일부 분말은 약한 자착성으로 인해 붓질의 횟수가 증가함에 따라 지문이 흐려지는 결과를 나타냈다. 각 분말들이 갖는 자착성의 다양함은 분말마다 브러쉬의 사용방법이 달라져야 한다는 사실을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.483-490
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• 2021

A new Fe-Cr-Mo-B-C amorphous alloy is designed, which offers high mechanical strength, corrosion resistance as well as high glass-forming ability and its gas-atomized amorphous powder is deposited on an ASTM A213-T91 steel substrate using the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process. The hybrid coating layer, consisting of nanocrystalline and amorphous phases, exhibits strong bonding features with the substrate, without revealing significant pore formation. By the coating process, it is possible to obtain a dense structure in which pores are hardly observed not only inside the coating layer but also at the interface between the coating layer and the substrate. The coating layer exhibits good adhesive strength as well as good wear resistance, making it suitable for coating layers for biomass applications.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.2396-2401
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• 2009

본 연구는 건축자재로 널리 사용되는 PVC 바닥상재의 표면을 스크래치로부터 보호하기 위하여 기존에 사용하는 광경화형 우레탄-아크릴 수지에 내마모성을 향상시킨 광경화형 하드 코팅액 개발에 관한 것이다. PVC 바닥상재용으로 사용되는 내마모성이 없는 우레탄-아크릴 수지에 $Al_2O_3$(Al-160SG-3), $Al(OH)_3$(SH-8W) 및 $SiO_2$(KS-5000) 등 서로 다른 내마모성을 지닌 물질을 분말 형태로 수지의 양 대비 함량(wt%)을 $10{\sim}30%$로 변화하여 첨가한 후 링밀(Ring Mill)을 사용, 배합하여 수지의 내마모성을 향상시킨 하드 코팅액을 제조하였다. 제조한 하드 코팅액은 코팅층의 두께조절이 가능한 코팅(Bar-coating)을 사용하여 PVC 바닥상재에 코팅 한 후 내마모성, 연필경도, 부착력, 코팅두께 등의 코팅층 표면물성을 평가하였다. 연구결과, 수지에 $Al_2O_3$ 분말 30%를 혼합하여 제조한 하드 코팅액이 내마모성 1등급, 연필경도 H, 부착력 100%로 가장 좋은 물성을 보였으며, 전반적으로 입자크기가 작고, 분말 함량이 많을수록 또한 코팅두께가 두꺼워 질수록 경도 및 내마모성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다.