• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1991

The purpose of the experiment was to determine the effect of nitrogen sources (urea, ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate) and potassium sources (potassium chloride, potassium sulphate) on the growth and quality of Zoysia japonica Steud. This experiment was conducted at Seoul City University turf field from 1988 to 1989. The results of this experiment were summarized as follows; 1. Urea and Ammonium sulphate resulted in superior clipping yield compared to ammonium nitrate. The growth of rhizome and stolon increased significantly with urea forms, but ammonium sulphate treated plots exhibited the highest the growth rate of root. 2. Ammonium sulphate showed best turf color rating while ammonium nitrate resulted in the poorest. Prolongation of the green period showed longer in ammonium sulphate and urea treated plots than ammoium nitrate. 3. Urea and ammonium sulphate exhibited superior visible quality and shoot density compared to ammonium nitrate. 4. The uptake of mineral nutrient showed the highest concentration with urea plots. Surface soil pH was allowed to become slightly acid with the ammonium sulphate and potassium sulphate treatments, while the application of N and K sources did not cause significant differences in mineral element content in soil.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2008

This study was conducted to define a characteristics of Electrical Resistivity of weathered soil against volumetric water content and frequency. It is essential to analyze and understand a characteristics of the Electrical Resistivity for evaluation of soil as subsurface contaminant detection. Before the test, an effect of pore water and ion were checked using four liquids(distilled water, tap water, potassium chloride 1.8mM, and 3.7mM). As a result, the correlation between the volumetric water content and the Electrical Resistivity was estimated. The Electrical Resistivity decreases with increasing frequency and water content. Also, Electrical Resistivity could be described by an exponential function of volumetric water content with the constants.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1986

황산칼리와 인산암모니아를 주축으로 한 경기화학공업주식회사인 시제 딸기복비의 비효를 염화칼리, 황산칼리, 질산암모니아에 대비하여 비닐하우스에서 딸기, 보교조생 (Fragaria Grand EHRD)으로 시험한 결과를 요약하였다. 가수분해당을 포함하는 전당의 함량은 높였다. 일반적으로 염화칼리보다 황산칼리가 딸기즙의 딸기의 생육, 화방수.,수량에 미친 시제 딸기복비의 효과는 염화칼리, 황산칼리, 질산암모니아와 통계적인 차이가 없으나 딸기즙의 환원당, 묽은 산당분함량을 높였으며 딸기복비가 딸기즙의 당 함량을 높인것도 황산칼리 때문인 것으로 생각되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.399-406
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• 2003

배추와 무 직파재배시 토양중 치환성 칼륨의 생육 저해 한계 농도를 밝히기 위하여 $1m^2$ 무저 pot에서 주로 농가에서 사용하는 염화칼리비료를 처리하여 토양의 치환성 칼륨행동과 작물의 생육과 발아특성을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 배추와 무의 최고 수량은 토양내 치환성 칼륨 함량이 각각 $0.96cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, $1.28cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$에서 있었으며, 이때의 염화칼리 비료의 시용량은 봄 배추 $370(K_2O:\;222)\;kg\;ha^{-1}$, 가을 무 $517(K_2O:\;310)\;kg\;ha^{-1}$이었다. 이 이상에서는 토양의 치환성 칼륨함량이 높아짐에 따라 수량은 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 토양의 치환성 칼륨 함량과 작물의 발아율과의 관계를 보면 배추는 치환성 칼륨 함량이 $0.54cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$이하에서는 정상적인 발아가 되었으나 $1.29cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$은 83%, $2.30cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$은 67%의 발아율을 보였고, 무의 경우에는 $1.29cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$ 이하에서는 정상적 생육, $2.30cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$에서는 83%의 발아율을 보였다. 발아장해를 받는 토양의 전기전도도 값은 배추는 $1.29dS\;m^{-1}$, 무는 $2.30dS\;m^{-1}$이었다. 따라서 작물 재배전에 다량의 염화칼리비료 시용은 전기전도도의 증가로 염류장해를 받을 우려가 있기 때문에 이를 고려하여 시비관리를 해야할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.47-52
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• 1968

Twenty white rabbits anesthetized with nembutal (30 mg/kg) were employed in this experiment. Five of them served as controls; the remaining rabbits as experimental group were subjected to irreversible hemorrhagic shock. Shock was induced by bleeding the animals until mean blood pressure decreased to a level of 50-40 mmHg. This level of pressure was maintained for 3-4 hours, after which the drawn blood was reinfused. The reinfusion of blood caused the elevation of arterial pressure almost the control level for some minutes, after which a gradual and progressive decline of blood pressure became evident. This decline was thought to be the result from irreversible hemorrhagic shock. When mean blood pressure declined to less than 50 mmHg, chest was opened and samples of arterial blood and left ventricular muscle were taken. Left ventricular muscle and blood plasma were analyzed for potassium, sodium, chloride and water content. Blood glucose concentration was determined by Somogyi-Nelson's method. Extracellular and intracellular myocardial water and electrolyte content were calculated on the basis that electrolytes are distributed between plasma water and interstitial water according to Gibbs-Donnan equilibrium. In this calculation extracellular water was substituted for Na space. The findings obtained were as follows: 1. The concentration of blood glucose was 87mg% in the controls and it rose to 222 mg% in shock (P<0.01). 2. Plasma potassium elevated significantly from 3.3 mEq/l in controls to 8.0 mEq/l in shock (P<0.01), while small decreases in sodium (151-146 mEq/l) and chloride (102-96 mEq/l) were observed (P<0.3, P<0.1), 3. The changes of blood water content (83.1-84.3%) and cardiac water content (77.5-78.3 gm/100gm WT) were observed. 4. In control animals myocardial potassium levels which averaged 30.2 mEq/100 gmDT rose significantly to 40.3 mEq/100 gmDT in shock (P<0.01), while moderate decreases in sodium(16.3-14.3 mEq/100 gmDT) were observed in shock. 5. The calculated transmembrane resting potential of left ventricular muscle of control animals averaged 95 mV, while rabbits in shock averaged 77 mV. (P <0.01). The findings of this experiment do not correspond with the conclusions that myocardial depression seems to be the cause of irreversible hemorrhagic shock, because the excitability of heart muscle is elevated. From the point of view that the lowered transmembrane resting potential, the cause of death in terminal stage of irreversible hemorrhagic shock may be ventricular fibrillation. It can't be said, however, that the lowered transmembrane resting potential is responsible for the transition from reversible to irreversible hemorrhagic shock. The marked increase in blood glucose suggested that glycogenolysis in the liver is favorably active in shock.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.309-318
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• 2005

Higher level of KCl application stimulated both leaf area index and leaf area duration in all cassava varieties, while the leaf and tuber number of the bitter varieties (high cyanide-level varieties) decreased in proportion to the level of KCl application. The root/shoot (R/S) ratio and harvest index (HI) were negatively related with the level of KCl application in all cassava varieties. The bitter varieties obtained the lowest R/S ratio at the level of 100 - 150 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$, while the sweet varieties (low cyanide-level varieties) acquired the highest values at the level of 50 - 150 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$. Also, the sweet varieties showed the lowest HI at the level of 250 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$, but the bitter varieties at the level of 150 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$. At 6 - 8 months after planting, the sweet varieties tended to obtain higher starch content of roots (tubers) at the level of 50 - 150 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$, while the bitter varieties at the level of 150 - 250 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$. Relatively lower level of 50 - 150 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$ was more appropriate for decreasing hydrocyanic acid (HCN) content of roots (tubers) in the sweet varieties at the harvest time, and the level of 250 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$ was adequate to decrease not only HCN content of leaves but also that of roots (tubers) in the bitter varieties during the growing period. To obtain higher yield and starch content of tubers, and lower HCN content of roots (tubers), it was recommended that the sweet varieties are applied with the level of 50 - 100 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$ and the bitter varieties with the level of 150 - 200 kg KCl $ha^{-1}$, respectively, in Latosol soils of Bogor areas, West Java.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.436-441
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• 2009

본 실험은 국내육성 딸기 품종인 '매향' 및 '설향'의 관비재배 시 질소와 칼리의 비종이 생육, 수량 및 과실의 품질에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 수행되었다. 식물체 생육 중 생체중 및 건물중은 두 품종 공히 요소 + 황산가리 혹은 유안(황산암모늄) + 황산가리 처리에서 높았으며 기타 초장, 엽수, 엽장, 엽폭, 관부직경 등은 처리 간에 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 딸기의 수량 역시 생육과 같은 경향으로 특히 '설향'에서 요소 + 황산가리와 유안 + 황산가리 처리에서 수량이 높았다. '매향'에서도 같은 경향이었으나 처리 간에 유의성 있는 차이는 보이지 않았다. 과실의 품질을 나타내는 당도, 경도 비타민C 등은 처리 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 시험 종료 후 토양분석을 한 결과 토양의 EC는 요소 처리구에서 낮아지는 경향을 보였으나 반대로 유안 처리에서는 크게 높아졌는데 이는 금후 시험에서 식물체에 염류농도 장해를 일으킬만한 수준이었다. 따라서 딸기 관비재배 시 생육, 수량, 토양 EC 농도, 비료의 용해도 등을 고려하였을 시 질소질 비료로는 요소가 칼리질 비료로는 황산가리가 적합한 것으로 추천되었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.55-64
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• 1978

The present investigations were carried out for the purpose of making clear the fundamental features of the seasonal variations in carrageenan content and its chemical composition. The samples, Chondrus ocellatus, were collected every month from the same locality on the coast of Haewundae from March, 1975 to February, 1976, and analyzed monthly to determine their carrageenan content, sulphate and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose over a year period. En addition, some chemical characteristics were also tested on the fractions separated by the different concentrations of potassium chloride. In seasonal variation, the maximum carrageenan content occurred from summer through autumn, and the minimum in winter, especially in February. It is noted in the seasonal variations of the sulphate content of total carrageenan and three fractions that the maximums appreared in October and minimums in february. With seasonal variations of percent 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose of total carrageenan and three fractions, maximum values occur in June and minimum values in December. Seasonal variations in sulphate and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose contents of the three fractions were on the whole similar in mode of variation, and there could be no substancial differences. Seeing seasonal variations in the sulphate and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose contents of three fractions, carrageenan extracted from the algae gathered in spring shelved higher portion of fraction I than that gathered in autumn. In these respects, it seems that a more weakly gelling k-carrageenan exists in the spring than in the autumn.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1979

Philippine산(産) 원조(原藻)인 Eucheuma cottonii의 carrageenan 함량(含量)과 이로부터 추출(抽出)한 carrageenan의 $SO_3$ 및 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose 함량(含量), KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度), KCl 농도별(濃度別)에 따라 분획(分劃)한 획분(劃分)의 함량(含量)에 대하여 조사(調査)하였으며 원과학적(原料學的)인 비교목적(比較目的)으로 우리나라산(産) 진두발(Chondrus ocellatus)의 carageenan함량(含量)과 그 화학적(化學的) 성상(性狀)을 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)하였다. 1. Carrageenan함량(含量)은 Eucheuma cottonii가 진두발보다 높은 값을 나타내어 건물당(乾物當) 약 59%의 함량(含量)을 보였다. 2. Carrageenan의 $SO_3$ 및 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)을 보면 Eucheuma cottonii가 진두발보다 $SO_3$함량(含量)은 적고 3, 6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)이 많은 경향(傾向)을 나타내었다. 3. Carrageenan의 KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度)는 0.125M KCl농도(濃度)에서 침전(沈澱)하는 비율(比率) 및 0.125M과 2.0M KCI농도(濃度)사이에서 침전(沈澱)하는 비율(比率)은 Eucheuma cottonii가 진두발보다 높았으나 2.0M KCl농도(濃度)에서 용존(溶存)하는 비율(比率)은 진두발이 Eucheuma cottonii보다 높은 값을 나타내었다. 4. Carrageenan을 KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度)의 차이(差異)로부터 3획분(劃分)으로 분획(分劃)하였을 때 劃分(분획)I, II의 수율(收率)은 Eucheuma cottonii와 진두발이 큰 차이가 없었으나 획분(劃分)III의 수율(收率)은 Eucheuma cottonii가 월등히 많아 약 8배(倍)의 값을 나타내었다. 5. 각획분(各劃分)의 $SO_3$ 및 3, 6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)은 서로 역상관관계(逆相關關係)를 나타내었고, KCl용액(溶液)에 대한 용해도(溶解度)가 큰 획분(劃分)일수록 $SO_3$함량(含量)이 높고 3, 6-anhydro-D-galactose의 함량(含量)이 낮은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1071-1074
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• 1997

무의 염절임 중 $Ca^{++}$, $K^+$ 및 $Mg^{++}$이 절임에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 0.2M까지의 범위에서 $Ca^{++}$과 $K^+$의 첨가는 무의 절임 효과를 증가시켰고, $Mg^{++}$은 절임에 별로 영향을 미치지 못한 것으로 나타났다. $Ca^{++}$, $K^+$ 이온은 모두 0.2M까지 무의 염도 증가에 영향을 보였다. $Ca^{++}$과 $K^+$을 함께 첨가하였을 때 저농도에서는($0{\sim}0.01\;M$) 농도를 증가시킬수록 염도가 증가하였으나 0.2M의 농도에서는 일정하였다. $Mg^{++}$과 $Ca^{++}$을, $Mg^{++}$과 $K^+$을 함께 첨가하였을 때는 각각 $Ca^{++}$과 $K^+$이 무의 염도에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며 $Mg^{++}$ 이온은 영향을 미치지 않았다.