• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.79-90
• /
• 1996

Total suspended particles were measured at Kosan, Cheju Island, Korea during the period of March 11 .sim. April 19, 1994. Concentrations of non-sea salt(nss) ions were higher than those measured at clean marine areas in Japan and other background marine areas in the world. Especially, nss sulfate concentration is compatable to thoes measured at Seoul. It is suggested that most nss sulfate concentration is originated from anthropogenic sources. Nss sulfate concentration shows strong correlation with ammonium and nss potassium concentrations while shows no a pparent correlation with nitrate and nss calcium concentrations. Nss calcium concentrations shows strong correlation with nss potassium and mss magnesium concentrations. It is deduced that nss potassium has two origins, one anthropogenic, the other crustal. Backward trajectory analysis results show the trajectories of air parcel during the measurement period were mostly originated from China. It is shown that cases of high nss sulfate with high nss calcium can occur when an air parcel originated from arid and semi-arid regions of morthwestern China or Mongolia passes through northeastern China.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.911-921
• /
• 1997

Recently the interest in natural dyeing has been increased because of the color clarity, natural grace and reactionism in fashion. Indigo dyeing, safflower dyeing and Gal-ott in Cheju-Do become generally known, so the study about the natural dyeing is continued with national intrust and support. In this study, 1 used artemisia for various dyeing tests because we can get it easily. 1 tested the dyeability in wool as well as cotton and silk with wormwood in natural dyeing material. I also dyed nylon with the same material for the comparison of the molecular structure. The mercerization and the chitosan treatment were done in cotton to improve the low dyeability in the natural dyeing. The result of this study are as follows; We have to dye repeatedly to get deep color in natural dyeing, and mordant treatment brought good result in color difference and dyeing fastness. 1. Compared with silk, wool and nylon, the dyeability of cotton was the worse. The color difference of cotton was 18.81 without mordants , and 24.05 with mordant. The dyeability of cotton was much increased by mordants such as potassiumdichromate, copper sulfate, iron sulfate and salt water. The color of cotton was turned into yellow-green in potassium dichromate and yellow-green with deep green in copper sulfate. The mercerization and the chitosan treatment of cotton made the improvement in color, dyeability, laundering fastness, abrasion fastness. 2. The color difference of silk was 3 times as high as cotton. It showed the similar degree with the chitosan treated-cotton. That is to say, silk had good dyeability because it contains amino group and carboxyl group. The dyebility of silk was increased by a mordant such as iron sulfate, potassium dichromate and salt water, Drycleaning fastness showed 5 grade, abrasion-fastness was high over 4~5 grade and sunlight fastness showed 1 grade in all case. 3. The color difference of wool was the best among four fabrics because of 18 kinds of amino acids. It is considered that the sulfate of wool has the polarity and help metal- mordants get the better dyeability such as potassium dichromate, iron sulfate, copper sulfate, and aluminum chloride. The color was reddish-green in potassium dichromate, yellow.greenin iron sulfate and copper sulfate, and yellow in the rest mordants. Drycleaning fastness of wool showed over 4~5 grade, abrasion fastness 5 grade. Sunlight-fastness 1 grade. 4. The dyeability of nylon was almost same because of the similar molecular structure with silk. The clarity of color was poor. The color was yellow-green in copper sulfate and yellow in the rest mordants. Laundering fastness and abrasion-fastness of nylon was good. Sunlight- fastness represented 1 grade.

• 한국초지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국초지조사료학회 2005년도 학술심포지엄, 제43회 학술발표회
• /
• pp.156-157
• /
• 2005

• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.35-43
• /
• 2021

본 연구에서는 제철 및 시멘트 제조공정에서 발생하는 부산물을 재활용하기 위한 기초 연구로 시약급 Na2SO4와 KCl을 사용하여 K2SO4를 제조하였다. K2SO4 제조 시 최적조건을 도출하기 위해 Na2SO4와 KCl의 몰 비율, 용액의 포화도 및 교반 온도를 제어하였으며, 주사전자현미경, X-선 회절분석기 등을 사용하여 수득시료의 미세구조 관찰 및 결정성을 분석·평가하였다. 순수 K2SO4를 수득할 수 있는 구간은 Na2SO4와 KCl의 몰 비율 1:6-18, 용액의 포화도 160% 이하, 교반 온도 20℃, 50℃이었다. 또한 K2SO4의 높은 결정성 확보 및 최종 수득량 증대, 에너지 소모 최소화를 고려한 최적 조건은 Na2SO4와 KCl의 몰 비율 1:6, 용액의 포화도 140%, 교반 온도 20℃이었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2000

Silk fabrics were dyed by Cochineal extracts after mordanted with various mordants and their properties of dyeing, fastness and change of surface color were investigated. Silk fabrics were mordanted with aluminum potassium sulfate, copper acetate, tin chloride, iron sulfate or chromium potassium sulfate at $60^\circ{C}$ for 30 minutes and subsequently dyed at $60^\circ{C}$ for 60 minutes unless mentioned otherwise. The dye-uptake of silk fabrics increased with the concentration of Cochineal extracts and mordants used. Maximum dye-uptake was obtained at pH 3.5-4, regardless of the type of mordants used. Surface color of silk fabrics changed from red purple to purple when mordanted with Al or Cu mordant, from purple to purple blue with Fe mordant and showed red purple with Sn or Cr mordant, respectively. It also changed according to pH of dyeing bath. Dyed silk fabrics showed poor light fastness but good dry-cleaning, perspiration and rubbing fastness.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.343-348
• /
• 1987

The effects of salts such as aluminum sulfate as inorganic salt(2-4%), and sodium salts of citrate, tartrate, succinate, potassium tartrate and gelatin as organic salts(0.1%) on the formation of ${\alpha}$-calcium sulfate hemihydrate from by-product gypsum of phosphoric acid process under hydrothermal condition at 123$^{\circ}C$ and 133$^{\circ}C$ were investigated. Aluminum sulfate solution exhibited the catalystic effected on the crystallization of ${\alpha}$-calcium sulfate hemihydrate of which was assumed in the prismatic form, and organic salts solution exhibited little effect on the catalystic action to the crystallization, than inorganic salts. In the acidic solution with sulfuric acid(pH=2), needle like crystal of calcium sulfate hemihydrate was obtained. Hydrothermal process with aluminum sulfate solution also showed certain amounts of impurity removal such as phosphorus penataoxide from calcium sulfate hemihydrate.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제16권1호통권29호
• /
• pp.319-338
• /
• 1995

This article is to investigate the effects of Euphorbia Pekinensis RUPR. on rats with acute renal failure induced by gentamicin sulfate. So this experimental research was focused on measuring (1)the levels of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, total protein, sodium, potassium, chloride in the serum and (2)the levels of protein, blood, sodium, potassium, chloride, pH, specific gravity and volume in the urine and (3)intake water. The results were summarized as follows. 1. While the levels of creatinine and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase in the serum were significantly increased, the level of BUN in the serum were partially increased and the levels of sodium and potassium in the serum were partially decreased on the Euphorbia Pekinensis $R_{UPR}$. group. 2. While the urine volume was significantly increased, the levels of protein, blood, sodium and chloride in the urine were partially increased and the specific gravity, pH in the urine were partially decreased. According to the above results, it is shown that Euphorbia Pekinensis $R_{UPR}$. without refinning had a diuretic effect on rats with acute renal failure induced by gentamicin sulfate, but aggravated the glomerular filtration rate and tubular reabsorption. So, it is supposed that Euphorbia Pekinensis $R_{UPR}$. without refinning needs to be used carefully on renal disease and futhermore research about the kinds of extracts form is necessary.

• 자원리싸이클링
• /
• 제29권6호
• /
• pp.98-103
• /
• 2020

섬아연석(Sphalerite, ZnS)을 대상으로 억제제 황산아연(zinc sulfate, ZnSO4)과 포수제인 포타슘 부틸 잔세이트(potassium butyl xanthate(KBX), C5H9KOS2)과의 상호 작용 및 이에 따른 섬아연석의 억제 거동을 규명하고자 섬아연석 부유 선별 실험을 진행했다. 실험 결과, 억제제인 황산아연 첨가량이 일정 농도 이상에서는 KBX의 첨가로 섬아연석의 오히려 억제 효과가 떨어졌다. 할리몬드 튜브(Hallimond Tube) 부유선별 실험을 통해 얻어진 정광과 맥석을 대상으로 주사형 전자현미경/X선 분광분석(Scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectroscopy, SEM-EDS: TM3000, Tabletop Microscope, HITACH)과 푸리에 변환 적외선분광법(Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, FT-IR: NICOLET 6700, Thermo SCIENTIFIC)로 분석한 결과 정광에서는 비정질의 Zn-butyl xanthate(Zn-BX)가 생성되어 광물 입자에 흡착되어 있는 것을 확인 했다. 이러한 생성물은 용액 내 첨가된 황산아연의 용해에 따른 잔류 Zn 이온과 KBX 이온이 반응하여 생성되었다. 즉, 용액의 [Zn+]·[BX] 용해도 곱이 3.71×10-11 이상에서 Zn-butyl xanthate이 생성되며, 이로 인해 섬아연석 억제에 부정적인 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.201-207
• /
• 1985

감자용(用) 시제복비(試製複肥)의 비효(肥效)를 황산가리(黃酸加里) 및 염화가리(鹽化加里)와 비교(比較)하기 위(爲)하여 감자품종(品種) "수미(秀美)"를 공시(供試)하여 시험(試驗)을 실시(實施)하였으며 그 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 감자복비(複肥), 황산가리배량(黃酸加里倍量), 황산가리(黃酸加里)는 염화가리구(鹽化加里區)에 비(比)하여 각각(各各) 44.7 및 6%를 증수(增收)하였다. 감자복비(複肥)는 황산가리(黃酸加里) 배량(倍量)보다도 현저(顯著)한 증수(增收)를 가져 왔으나 황산가리배양구(黃酸加里倍量區)의 수량(收量)과 무가리구(無加里區)의 수량간(收量間)에는 유의차(有意差)가 없었다. 2. 감자복비(複肥)는 6월(月) 25일(日)에 벌써 수확기(收穫期) 수량(收量)의 80% 이상(以上)에 다달아서 조기(早期) 수확(收穫)을 가능(可能)케 할 수 있었다. 3. 입상(粒狀)이고 요소함량(尿素含量)이 적은 감자복비(複肥)는 인산(燐酸) 2암모니아, 유안(硫安), 황산가리(黃酸加里)를 주원료(主原料)로 하여 만든 비료(肥料)로서 감자의 출아율(出芽率)을 높이고 초기생육(初期生育)을 촉진(促進)했으며 수확기(收穫期)에도 타비료(他肥料)에 비(比)하여 경엽(莖葉)을 건전(健全)하게 유지(維持)하였다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.719-730
• /
• 2014

화산회토양 감자 연작지 토양 pH 수준별로 고토석회, 유황, 황산칼륨, 패화석, 규산질비료, 석회질소, 유안비료를 이용하여 감자 더뎅이병 발생을 경감시키고 토양건전성을 유지하는데 적절한 대체농자재를 선발하고자 수행하였다. 토양 pH가 낮은 황산칼륨 처리구(24 kg/10a)에서는 더뎅이병 발병률이 84.4%, 발병도가 28.4%로 가장 낮았다. 방제효과는 12.3%, 상품율은 93.2%로 다른 처리구와 비교할 때 가장 높게 나타났다. 석회질소 처리구(60kg/10a)가 발병도 38.3%로 낮았고 방제효과 23.8%, 상품율 66.3%로 높았다. 토양 pH가 높은 시험구 중 더뎅이병 발병률은 석회질소 처리구(60 kg/10a)가 38.3%로 가장 낮았고 유안 처리구(48 kg/10a)는 62.6%로 높았다. 더뎅이병 방제효과는 석회질소 처리구(60 kg/10a)에서 23.8%로 유황 처리구의 6.1% 보다 4배 이상, 상품률은 66.3%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 감자더뎅이병 병원균 Streptomyces acidiscabies과 Streptomyces scabiei를 석회질소 2.5, 5 g/L, 10 g/L에 접종시 생장량은 다른 토양개량제 보다 상대적으로 억제되었다. 결론적으로 감자 파종 전에 토양 pH가 5 이하이면 황산칼륨을, 6 이상이면 석회질소를 시비하면 더뎅이병 발생을 경감시킬 수 있을 것으로 보인다.