• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.384-390
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• 2004

An in vtro nucellar polyembryo propagation method was established with mature seed of the Citrus junos Sieb. 7-8 nucellar polyembryos per seed were induced on MS basal medium without plant growth regulators. The polyembryos developed to complete plantlets on teatment with IBA. These shoots grew further in MS medium without plant growth regulators. Rooting of shoots occurred on MS medium supplemented with IBA. These plantlets were successfully transplanted to small plastic pot containing soil mixture. Somatic embryos were induced from nucellar polyembryo and maturation occurred spontaneously from proliferating cultures on MS medium without growth regulators. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis of in vitro and in vivo grown junos orange showed identical polymorphism indicative of their genetic stability. The RAPD polymorphism produced revealed same banding pattern in each regenerant. Hence, propagaton of junos orange by nucellalr polyembryos was efficient and produced in genetically stable plants under in vitro conditions.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2003

orchardgrass 및 white clover의 단파 및 혼파재배에서 미량요소 붕소(B)의 시비수준별 목초의 생육상, 뿌리/근류 형성, 수량성, 양분의 함량 및 초종간 경합지수 등에 미치는 영향 등을 구명하였다. 처리내용은 다량 및 미량요소 시비를 동일하게 한 조건에서 5 수준의 붕소 처리: 1) $B_{0}$ ; 0.0, 2) $B_1$; 0.2, 3) $B_2$; 2.0. 4) $B_3$; 6.0, 5) $B_4$; 15.0me B/pot로 glasshouse에서 pot시험으로 수행하였다. I보(생육상), II보(수량성), III보(조단백질)에 이어서 본 IV보에서는 목초 중미량요소(Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn 및 B)의 함량 및 이들의 충 농도에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 1. 예취가 진행되어 감에 따라서 두 목초 중 B-함량이 공히 낮아졌고, B 시비수준간 차이도 줄어들었다. white clover에서 B-함량이 B$_{0}$ 처리구는 B$_2$ 처리구 보다 약간 낮았지만 수량성은 큰 차이를 보였고, 이는 $B_{0}$ 처리구의 잠복성 붕소결핍에 기인한 것으로 보였다. 이에 비해서 orchardgrass는 상대적으로 더 큰 차이와 예취 후반기에 크게 낮아졌지만 수량차이는 미약하였다. 2. 일반적으로 목초 중 Fe, Mn, Cu 및 Zn의 함량은 우선 초종, 단파/혼파재배 및 다양요소추비의 시비 여부에 따라서 차이를 보였으며, B 시비수준별 이들의 함량 변화는 미량요소의 종류와 상기 조건에 따라서 차이를 보였다. 3. white clover 중 Fe-함량은 적정 B 처리구 ($B_2$)에 비해서 $B_{0}$ 와 $B_4$처리구에서는 낮았다. 이는 $B_{0}$ 와 $B_4$ 처리구에서 뿌리발육의 저해/수량감소 특성과 연관된 것으로 보였다. 그러나 orchardgrass는 일관성을 보이지 안 했다. 두 목초 중 Mn, Cu 및 Zn의 함량에 미치는 붕소시비의 영향은 일관성을 보이지 안 했다. 4. 붕소 시용수준이 미량요소 양이온 총 농도((Fe+Mn+Cu+Zn)에 미치는 효과는 미약하였다. 일반적으로 충 농도의 변화는 Mn과 Zn의 함량에 밀접한 영향을 받았고, 반면에 Fe과 Cu의 함량은 경미한 영향을 보였다. white clover 중총 농도는 혼파보다 단파재배에서 더 높았다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.172-183
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• 1994

접합내생균근 균(AMF)이 있는 토양을 이용하여 여러 종류의 비료를 주면서 식물을 재배하여, AMF포자 증식에 대하여 관찰하였다. 식물뿌리에서 AM화된 뿌리는 여러가지 형태가 현미경 관찰을 통하여 확인되었으며, 정상적인 Vesicles, Arbuscles 및 sporulation 과정도 관찰되었으며, 꽃송이와 같은 특수한 형태도 관찰되었다. 포자증식에 있어서의 80일간의 관찰과 뿌리염색을 통한 뿌리감염도의 관찰결과, 40일 주기로 포자의 생산에 증감이 주기적으로 일어나는 것을 관찰하였다. 비료를 첨가한 토양에서 수수, 파, 고추 및 차풀의 순으로 포자 증식에 좋은식물로 나타났으며, 그 포자 증식이 조건에 따라 다양하게 나타났다. 비료의 첨가에서는 인산이 없는 비료에서 포자증식이 크게 일어났으며, 21-17-17 비료에서는 포자증식 적었다. 식물별로 본다면, 수수, 고추, 파등의 순으로 포자증식이 많이 되었다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.243-252
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• 2002

산업디자인은 인간이 필요로 하는 것을 그 시대상황에 알맞게 순응하면서 새로운 도구를 만들어 왔다. 그러나 초기 미국산업디자인은 어렵게 정탁 되였다고 볼 수 있다. 세계대전과 경 제공황, 그리고 많은 이민자 등, 급변하는 사회환경 속에서 새로운 산업디자인을 세운다는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니었다. 디자인 형태의 흐름도 1920년대의 스텝모던 그리고 1930년대의 스트림라인으로 짧은 시간에 많은 변화가 있었음을 말해주고 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 1920년대부터 1937년대까지 미국디자인에의 탄생된 다양한 디자인환경을 대상으로 하고 있다. 특히 그 당시 활발하게 활동했던 4명의 디자이너의 활동과 성장환경을 이해하므로 미국 산업디자인의 뿌리는 물론 지금의 환경을 이해하는데 도움이 될 수 있다. 우리나라의 일부디자인은 전쟁과 무역을 통해 미국의 영향이 있었다고 볼 수 있다. 지금 미국 산업디자인 초기 과정을 이해한다는 것은 지금의 세계 상황과 우리와 역학적 관계의 모든 면에서 매우 중요하다. 초기의 미국 문화는 청교도와 상업주의 등에 이루어 졌지만, 오늘날은 여러 가지 문화가 커다란 용광로를 통해 융합된 하나의 문화를 갖고 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.903-908
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• 2005

Inoculation of the carrier-based mixed bioinoculants af N-fixer (Azospirillum lipoferum strain Az204/Rhizobium strain BMBS P47) and phosphate-solubilizing bacterium (Bacillus megaterium var phosphaticum strain Pb 1) promoted growth and yield of pearl millet and blackgram under pot-culture conditions. The mixed inoculant of Az204 and Pb 1 enhanced germination, seedling vigor, plant height, and seed weight, and resulted in $6\%$ increase in grain yield of pearl millet. Likewise, the mixed inoculant of BMBS P47 and Pb1 increased growth, nodulation, and yield in blackgram. The rhizosphere soil enzyme activities, including nitrogenase, urease, and phosphatase, in both pearl millet and blackgram were significantly increased by the inoculation of the mixed inoculant, compared to that of the individual inoculants. The results clearly indicate the beneficial effect of co-culturing the N-fixer and P-solubilizer in inoculants production.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.126-133
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• 1992

내생균근 포자를 많이 포함하는 토양을 이용하여, 내생균근과 식물의 성장 및 인산함량에 따른 내생균근의 뿌리 침입의 관계를 살펴 보았다. 사용된 수수의 경우 인산함량과 내생균근의 형성은 인산함량에 따라 이루어지지 않았으나, 내생균근 형성과 식물의 성장은 서로 비례하는 것으로 나타났다. 대두에서 내생균근의 침입은 첨가한 인산함량에 반비례하게 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 인산함량은 식물뿌리에 내생균근의 침입 여부와 지대한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 식물 자체는 주변 환경에 따른 내생균근의 침입과 성장을 조절하는 것으로 고려되고 있다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 1995

An antifungal Pseudomonas stutzeri YPL-1 produced extracellular chitinase and .betha.-1, 3-glucanase that were key enzymes in the decomposition of fungal hyphal walls. These lytic extracellular enzymes markedly inhibited mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani. A chitinase from P. stutzeri YPL-1 inhibited fungal mycelial growth by 87%, whereas a .betha.-1, 3-glucanase from the bacterium inhibited growth by 53%. Furthermore, co-operative action of the enzymes synergistically inhibited 95% of the fungal growth. The lytic enzymes caused absnormal swelling and retreating on the fungal hyphal walls in a dual cultures. Scanning electron microscopy clearly showed hyphal degradation of F. solani in the regions interacting with P. stutzeri YPL-1. In an in vivo pot test, P. stutzeri YPL-1 proved to have biocontrol ability as a powerful agent in controlling plant disease. Planting of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings with the bacterial suspension in F. solani-infested soil significantly suppressed the development of fusarial root-rot. The characteristics of a crude preparation of .betha.-1, 3-glucanase produced from P. stutzeri YPL-1 were investigated. The bacterium detected after 2 hr of incubation. The enzyme had optimum temperature and pH of 40.deg.C and pH 5.5, respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range of 4.5 to 7.0 and at temperatures below 40.deg.C, with a half-life of 40 min at 60.deg.C.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.176-186
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• 1982

Uptake and effects of treated Cd and Pb in rose moss and tomato were studied in pot cultures. Three horticulural plants on the roadside were tested to determine the contents of heavy metals in plant parts. Yields of rose moss were increased by the increase Pb concentrations in soil. Yields of rose moss by Cd treatment were decreased in 1, 000 ppm group, but increased in 500 ppm group. Portulaca grandiflora Hook. proved to be tolerent of Pb and Cd added in soil. Yields of tomato were decreased by an incrase of Pb concentration in soil, and tomato proved to be weak for Pb added in soil. Pb contents in root, stem, leaf, and flower and seed of rose moss were increased by an in crease of Pb concentration in soil Pb content in root was the highest among them. Pb content was the highest in root of tomato, but the lowest in the stem. Among the heavy metal contents metal contents of three horticultural plants collected by roadside, it was the Chrysanthemum which had the highest contents of heavy metal among them. The heavy metal contents in stem were less than in the other plnat parts in all three plants. The number of flowers in rose moss was decreased by an increase of Pb, and Cd concentration in soil, but in tomato it was increased by an increase of Pb concentration in soil. Amount of rose moss seeds which were collected after cultivation was decreased by Pb, and Cd treatment in soil.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2003

The motivation for transforming the Seoul City Hall plaza into place for pedestrians was prompted by the 2002 World cup event. This place has diverse time layers ranging from the Yi-dynasty to the present. Around city hall, diverse cultural assets and distinctive architecture are scattered. The place is a kind of melting pot that represents different times and cultures in the city. Transforming place for cars into place for citizens suggest several implications in city making policy such as high priority for pedestrians in urban design and enhancement of the public open spaces through downtown remodelling. Our plan is to propose the idea of Media plaza. One of the characteristics of Seoul now can be summarized as Media because the W industry and infrastructure are well developed in the city. ´Seoul Media Plaza´ adopts high-tech infrastructures such as RGB color post, multi box, I-Gate, etc as design materials. Three concepts of the plan are ´evolutionary plan´, ´flexible plan´, and ´participatory plan´. First, the plan will embrace the future changes of external conditions. Second, the plan should be flexible to accomodate the diverse activities in the plaza. Another special aspect of the plan is a kind of open plan. The ground surface of the plaza will be changed in its pattern and shape by citizen participation. Finally, the ´Seoul Media Plaza´ attempts to represent the spirit of Seoul and to connect the past, the present and the future while promoting citizen participation.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.43-43
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• 2019

Deparia pycnosora (Christ) M. Kato is a fern used as ornamental plant. In addition, it is called "Teol-go-sa-ri" in Korean name. The aim of this study was to develop a practical propagation method of D. pycnosora using tissue culture technique. Prothallus obtained from spore germination was the used as experiment materials. The prothalli (300 mg) used in all experiments were sub-cultured for 8-week intervals. The most suitable media for prothallus propagation were identified by culturing 300 mg of prothalli in $1/4{\times}$, $1/2{\times}$, $1{\times}$, $2{\times}$ MS medium and in Knop medium for 8 weeks. Also, the prothalli were cultured by chopping with a scalpel. In addition, sucrose, activated charcoal, and total nitrogen source were added in different concentrations based on the culture medium selected. Cultures were maintained at a temperature of $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, light intensity of $30{\times}1.0{\mu}mol-m-2{\cdot}s-1$, and a photoperiod of 16/8 h (light/dark) in in vitro. The results showed that optimum was achieved prothallus fresh weight and development in $1{\times}$ MS medium. When other components were added to the basic $1{\times}$ MS medium, prothallus propagation was maximized in $1{\times}$ MS medium supplemented with 2% sucrose, 0.2% activated charcoal, and 60 mM total nitrogen. To select a suitable soil mixture for sporophyte formation, 1.0 g of prothallus was blended with distilled water, spread on five combinations of different soil substrates (decomposed granite, horticultural substrates, peat moss, and perlite), and cultivated for 12 weeks. The sporophyte cultures were maintained at a temperature of $25{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, light intensity of $43{\pm}2.0{\mu}mol-m-2{\cdot}s-1$, humidity of $84{\pm}1.4%$, and a photoperiod of 16/8 h (light/dark). As a results, horticultural substrate alone, 2:1 (v:v) mixtures of horticultural substrate and perlite, and 2:1 mixtures of horticultural substrate and decomposed granite induced 208.0, 201.3 and 248.8 sporophytes per pot, respectively. Therefore, this result could provide a practical mass propagation method of D. pycnosora