• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2011

Background: The purpose of this study was to assessment of posture sway on static standing in the elderly. Methods: The participants aged 60 to 90 years, were divided into age such 60s, 70s and 80s and with a history of exercise, arthritis and hang on one's stick. Posture sway were analyzed using the computerized BPM system. Each test was repeated three times. All the data were expressed means and standard deviation by using SPSS 12.0 program. Results: The posture sway test according to sex showed that mean balance, sway number and frequency performance were significantly stable in men than in women. All direction frequency, sway area, sway path and max velocity were significantly unstable in 80s than 70s and 60s. The results of the posture sway test according to exercise group, arthritis and hang on one's stick group were showed that mean balance function was significantly stable in exercise group than arthritis and stick groups. The weight was showed significant correlation by mean balance, sway no, frequency, sway area, sway path and max velocity. Sway area and max velocity were not significant correlation by frequency of lateral and left, right anterior and posterior direction. Conclusion: In this study was showed that posture sway was effected from health condition of elderly.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.35-47
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical application of Rocking forward, Rocking backward Exercise and MET(Muscle Energy Techniques) to three patients who had sway-back posture. Methods : Three patients diagnosed as sway-back posture, not have discogetic pain, were hospitalized Bu-Chun Jaseng hospital of Oriental Medicine about 20 days and they were treated by Rocking forward, Rocking backward Exercise and MET. To measure the outcome of the patients' improvement, we observed the X-ray of Whole spine and Numerical Rating Scale(NRS). Results : After being treated by Rocking forward, Rocking backward Exercise and MET, the patients' posture was significantly improved and the pain was reduced. The X-ray of Whole spine became almost normal and the improvement of patients' in the NRS score was detected. Conclusions : These results suggest that Rocking forward, Rocking backward Exercise and MET were effective treatment on patients who had sway-back posture.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2018

Postural instability can increase the likelihood of hazardous slip and fall accidents in workplaces. The present study intended to extend understanding of the effect of abnormal neck posture on postural control during quiet standing. The effect of body fatigue on the postural control was also of primary concern. Twelve healthy undergraduate students volunteered to participate in the experiment. Standing on a force platform with the neck neutral, flexed, extended, or rotated, subjects' center of pressures (COP) were measured under the two levels of body fatigue. For the fatigue condition, Subjects exercised in a treadmill to meet the predetermined level of body fatigue. Analyzing the position coordinates of COPs, the length of postural sway path was assessed in both medio-lateral (ML) axis and anterior-posterior (AP) axis. Results showed that, in AP direction, neck extension or rotation significantly increased the sway length as compared with neck neutral. Neck extension led to greater sway length compared to neck rotation. Neck flexion did not differ from neck neutral. The sway length in the AP direction also became significantly larger as the body fatigue accumulated after treadmill exercise. In ML direction, as compared to neutral posture, the neck extension, flexion, or rotation did not significantly affect the length of postural sway path. However, the sway length seemed to increase marginally with the neck extended during the fatigued condition. This study demonstrates that abnormal neck posture may interfere with postural control during standing. The ability to maintain postural stability decreases significantly with the neck extended or rotated. Body fatigue leads to postural instability further.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2010

Purpose: In this study, children with cerebral palsy were treated for 8 weeks using horse riding trunk proprioception, stability and posture to investigate the effect of hippotherapy in the field of physical therapy. Methods: A total of 18 subjects were divided into an experimental group treated by horseback riding and a control group. Both groups were evaluated pre- and post-treatment. Trunk proprioception was measured three times in the sitting position with their eyes and ears closed to reach the target position the angle error of the mean was calculated. Trunk stability was measured using a forceplate and the data were used to calculate the postural sway path & postural sway velocity. Posture was evaluated using the Posture Assessment Scale (PAS). Results: After hippotherapy, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in trunk proprioception, stability and posture (p<0.05), but the control group improved in posture only (p<0.05). Trunk proprioception, stability and posture was significantly different between the two groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Eight weeks of hippotherapy is effective in improving trunk proprioception, stability, and posture. Research using this therapy should be studied further as a possible new therapeutic approach in the field of physical therapy.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.164-171
• /
• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this research was to determine the immediate effects of wearing a foot-pressure-based insole (FPBI) on ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM), postural sway, and muscle activation in healthy individuals with genu varum. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study was conducted on thirteen adults, with six male and seven females subjects. The mean age was 24.08 years. Foot pressure was measured to apply the FPBI and the weight bearing lunge test was performed with the application of a flat insole (FI) and FPBI. Examination was randomly performed in four conditions to measure both postural sway and muscle activation. All participants applied both the FI and FPBI with four conditions. The four conditions were as follows: 1) Romberg test posture with eyes closed, 2) Romberg test posture with eyes opened, 3) dominant single leg standing with eyes opened, and 4) non-dominant single leg standing with eyes opened. Results: For ankle DFROM between the FI and FPBI, a significant increase was observed in both the dominant and non-dominant leg (p<0.05). For postural sway between the FI and FPBI in the Romberg test posture with eyes closed and dominant single leg standing with eyes opened conditions, a significant decrease was observed (p<0.05). However, the postural sway between FI and FPBI in the Romberg test posture with eyes opened and non-dominant single leg standing with eyes opened, no significant decrease was observed. Also, there were no significant effects on muscle activation between the application of the FI and FPBI. Conclusions: The result showed that FPBI immediately improved ankle DFROM and postural sway. It seems that FPBI may improve genu varum in healthy individuals with genu varum.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.481-486
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effect of calf muscle fatigue on postural sway according to foot posture (a pes cavus, a normal foot, and a pes planus). Methods: The subjects of this study were 12, 11, and 9 students of U University with a pes cavus, a normal foot, and a pes planus, respectively, according to a Navicular Drop Test. Postural sway was measured with a balance instrument (BioRescue, RM Ingenierie, France) while the subjects stood static on two legs as well as during one-leg standing using the dominant leg in two conditions (with the eyes open and with the eyes closed for 30 seconds). Muscle fatigue was then induced in the calf muscle of the dominant leg, and both muscle fatigue and postural sway were measured using an EMG. To compare the degree of postural sway between the three groups after muscle fatigue was induced, the change values were calculated. The results were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis test, and a post-hoc test was conducted using the Bonferroni correction. Results: Significant inter-group differences were detected for postural sway during two-leg standing with the eyes closed and during one-leg standing with the eyes open and with the eyes closed (p<0.05). The post-hoc test showed significant differences between the pes cavus and normal foot groups and between the pes planus and normal foot groups for all three variables (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was detected between the pes cavus and pes planus groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study show that the pes cavus and pes planus cause more fatigue and postural sway than a normal foot. Therefore, attention should be paid to changes in balance caused by muscle fatigue.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.413-420
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to determine differences of balance performance to upright standing, forward bending posture, and sudden load during forward bending posture in subjects with and without a history of low back pain. A study was conducted on 8 subjects with low back pain and 13 healthy subjects. Dynamic Balance System was used to measure the postural sway index, left-right sway index, and anterior-posterior sway index on balance performance. There were no differences between subject groups on balance performance during upright standing. Balance performance was increased in forward bending posture and decreased in sudden load during forward bending posture in subjects with low back pain. These results suggest that subjects with low back pain demonstrated increased activity and decreased reaction times of trunk muscles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.11-21
• /
• 2020

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of posture improvement exercise using virtual reality programs on the posture and balance of patients with forward head postures. METHODS: Thirty men and women in their 20 s, who had a forward head posture, were divided randomly into a group with posture correction exercise and a group with posture correction exercise combined with virtual reality programs. The posture correction exercise was composed of squats, XCO training, and chin-tuck exercise. In contrast, exercise with virtual reality games involved the Hot Squat, Climbey, and Baskhead programs while wearing a headset. Both groups performed the exercises 15 min a day, three times per week, for four weeks. The balance ability, distance between the acromion and earlobe, and neck joint range of motion were assessed before and after the exercises. RESULTS: Both groups showed significant reductions in the distance between the acromion and the earlobe, along with significant improvements in the range of joint motion. The group that performed the virtual reality exercises showed a significant increase in the limit of stability. Both groups showed a significant decrease in the sway length. In contrast, the group given the virtual reality exercises showed a significant reduction in the sway speed while standing with their eyes closed. CONCLUSION: Exercise applying virtual reality programs can be used in clinical and home programs to correct the postures of individuals with a forward head posture because they can trigger interest in inducing active participation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.334-339
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to compare the ability to control postural sway during perturbation when stroke patients received postural sway induced by head rotation. Methods: This study included 15 stroke patients and 15 healthy adults. Each group was measured by 3D motion analysis for determination of the angle of the neck in static position and by balance performance monitor for estimation of swaying angle in both neutral posture and head rotation position. These results were then analyzed in order to compare the healthy control group and the stroke patients group. Results: In both static posture ($60.7{\pm}4.81$) and dynamic posture ($51.46{\pm}6.87$, $70.8{\pm}6.55$), significant decreases were observed in the angle of head rotation of the patient group, compared to the healthy group (p<0.05), and significant decreases were observed in the sway angle of the patient group when in the neutral position ($3.62{\pm}7$, $24{\pm}0.60$) and head rotation ($3.04{\pm}0.80$, $51.46{\pm}6.87$), compared to the healthy group (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to these findings, patients with stroke tend to restrict the ROM of head rotation and swaying angle in dynamic posture and maintain their posture instability using limitation of head movement relative to the trunk and sway angle of area which is larger than that of affected side in unaffected side.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.2354-2358
• /
• 2021

Background: Stroke is a neurological disorder characterized by an impaired static balance. A change in poor posture after stroke may worsen static balance. The balance control through an upright posture may include kinesiology taping of the middle back. Objectives: To investigated the effect of kinesiology taping of middle back on static balance in patients with stroke. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 10 patients with stroke were divided into two groups. The experimental and control groups received kinesiology taping and placebo taping of the middle back, respectively. After 24 h, static balance (i.e., sway area and path length) was measured in closed eyes condition. Results: The experimental group (kinesiology taping group) showed a significant decrease in sway area and path length after the intervention. In addition, kinesiology taping group showed a significant decrease in sway area and path length compared to the control group. Conclusion: Kinesiology taping of the middle back can improve static balance in stroke patients.