• Applied Microscopy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.315-323
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• 2003

The fine structural characteristics of the spinnerets and spigots of the silk producing apparatus in the adult funnel-web spider, Agelena limbata, were analysed with the light and scanning electron microscopes. Silk producing apparatus of this spider was composed of three pairs of spinnerets (anterior, median, posterior) and four different types of spigots-ampullates, tubuliforms, pyriforms and aciniforms. By the examination of their ultrastructural characteristics, it has been revealed that each spigot on the spinnerets are connected through the typical silk gland within abdominal cavity. Among the three pairs of spinnerets, the posterior pairs were highly elongated and has most characteristic features. Two pairs of large ampullates were connected to anterior spinneret and another two pairs of small ampullates to median spinnerets. Spigots of the tubuliforms were observed only in female and were connected both of median and posterior spinnerets respectively. While spigots of the pyriforms were connected on the anterior spinnerets but aciniforms on both of median and posterior spinnerets respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.10-13
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• 2000

To develope the genetic source of oak wild silkworm, Antheraea yamamai, the cDNA library was constructed with poly A+ mRNA isolated from posterial silk gland of fifth instar larvae. Titer of the cDNA library was about 5.1$\times$105 pfu in total. We presumed that the titer covered almost all transcripts existed in Antherea yamamai. From cDNA library of Antheraea yamamai, fibroin heavy chain gene, which is specifically expressed from posterial silk gland of Antheraea yamamai, was screened using oligonuclotide probe specific to alanine rich motif of fibrin heavy chain gene of Antheraea pernyi. As a result, fibroin clones isolated from 5$\times$104 plaques showed the highest homolgy (95%) with that of Antherea pernyi in nucleotide of Anthereaea yamamai and Bombyx mori shows that there is no homologous sequence in the 3+ partial 채야후 region Genomic southern hybridization suggested that one copy is present. Northern hybridization showed that fibroin transcript was approximateely 9 kb in length.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2006

The lynx spiders are free wandering spiders with long spines on their legs. They do not build web, but hunt small insects on plants. In spite of the facts that the wandering spiders do not produce webs for prey-catching, they also have silk apparatuses even though the functions are not fully defined. This paper describes the microstructural organization of the silk-spinning nozzles and its silk glands of the lynx spider, Oxyopes licenti, revealed by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The silkspinning nozzles of this spider were identified as three groups: ampullate, pyriform and aciniform glands. Each group of silk gland feed silk into one of the three pairs of spinnerets. Two pairs of major ampullate glands send secretory ductules to the anterior spinnerets, and another two pair of minor ampullate glands supply the middle spinnerets. In addition, the pyriform glands feed silk into the anterior spinnerets (25-30 pairs in females and 24-40 pairs in males), and the aciniform glands send ductules to the middle (9-12 pairs in females and 7-11 pairs in males) and the posterior spinnerets (16-20 pairs in females and 16-17 pairs in males). Among these, the ampullate one is the most predominate gland in both sexes. However the flagelliform and the aggregate glands which had the functions of cocoon production or adhesive thread production in other webbuilding spiders were not observed at both sexes of this spider.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.52-52
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• 2000

No Abstract.See Full-text

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Sericultural Science Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.83-83
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.270.1-270
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• 2000

No Abstract, See Full Text

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.171-175
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• 2000

Determined sequences of 384 randomly selected clones in a PCR-based cDNA library of Antheraea yamamai could identify expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of highly expressed gene. One EST (fibroin) appeared 15 times, one EST (40S ribosomal protein S18) twelve times, one EST (ribosomal protein S24a) eleven times, ten times (ribosomal protein S8), nine times (60S ribosomal protein L10A), seven times (60S ribosomal protein S15A, S17, S17 and seroin), six times (ribosomal protein S8), five times (ribosomal protein S24, mariner transposase and P8 protein), four times (serpin 2), three times (heat shock protein 70 and poly A binding protein), and the remaining 6 ESTs twice (amylase, KIAA1006, elongation factor-1, transposon mag, translation initiation factor 4C, QM protein, transposase). Therefore, the 94 EST make it possible to identify 24 redundant clones that are candidates for highly expressed genes in posterior silk gland of this insect. The 24 redundant EST clones were identified in GenBank, but none of them was related to A. yamamai, suggesting that there are many unidentified genes which are highly expressed in the A. yamamai genome.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2015

We characterized tissue specific-expressed genes in the posterior silk gland of Bombyx mori using by the Annealing Control Primer based differential display-PCR manner. In this study, we isolated 34 differentially expressed PCR amplicons, which one of these was identified as a novel transcript named as ACP-16 (366 bp), its expression was observed only in the posterior silk glands by Northern blot analysis. To determine promoter region of the ACP-16, we isolated and analyzed a phage DNA having 1.7 kb-long genome DNA including the open reading flame and 5'- upstream untranslated region of the ACP-16 gene from a genomic DNA library. We have estimated a promoter region of the ACP-16 gene by a web promoter prediction engine, which locates -750 ~ -165 from translation initiation site (ATG, +1). ACP-16 gene is necessary to more studies about critical biological role in order to apply the silkworm's transgenic system.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.180-185
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• 1996

Biosynthesis tracing of the silk fibroin in Bombyx mori silkworm was examined in vivo with isotopic [1-13C] Gly. labeling by nuclear magnetic resonance method. The [1-13C] Gly. labeled silk fibroin yielded very sharp 13C NMR signal in the posterior silk gland as well as in aqueous solution and the amound of [1-13C] Gly. labeled signal in the silkworm increased gradually and rapidly to 5-th day of fifth instar. However, the decomposition or decrease of the [1-13C] Gly. labeled signal occured from 5-th to 9-th day of fifth instar unexpectedly. These findings suggest that a relative amount of ${\alpha}$-helical portion or amorphous silk II portion was formed without any further signal from 6-th day of fifth instar to pupation. Through peak separation of orientation spectrum, between the fiber axis and the molecular bond direction, N-H bond in Bombyx mori silk fiber as well as the orientation distribution around the silk fibroin axis were determined and two kinds of peaks were also obtained from this orientation spectrum.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.141-141
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• 2004