• 종양간호연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effect of the application of cancer pain management guidelines on pain management among patients in Cancer Emergency Room. Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive study. Before application, data were collected by analyzing the Electronic Medical Record in Cancer Emergency Room in September, 2011, and after application in February, 2012. The subjects of this study consisted of 231 patients (pre-application group 83, post-application group 148), who stayed over 24 hours and complained of pain higher than Numeric Rating Scale score 4. The post-test was conducted after educating the nurses about the application of the pain management guidelines in the Electronic Medical Record. Results: This survey showed that, as the cancer pain management guidelines were applied for cancer patients with above moderate pain, the pain intensity decreased, the number of patients reaching the treatment goal score increased. Furthermore, the estimated time to reach the treatment goal decreased significantly. Conclusion: Pain intensity of the cancer patients was decreased through regular pain assessments by nurses and the medication of analgesics according to the cancer pain management guidelines. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the pain management program and to provide the physicians and nurses with intensive education about the pain management guidelines for systematic and effective pain management.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.315-321
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• 2021

Background: Pillar pain may develop after carpal tunnel release surgery (CTRS). This prospective double-blinded randomized trial investigated the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in pillar pain relief and hand function improvement. Methods: The sample consisted of 60 patients with post-CTRS pillar pain, randomized into two groups. The ESWT group (experimental) received three sessions of ESWT, while the control group received three sessions of sham ESWT, one session per week. Participants were evaluated before treatment, and three weeks, three months, and six months after treatment. The pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Hand functions were assessed using the Michigan hand outcomes questionnaire (MHQ). Results: The ESWT group showed significant improvement in VAS and MHQ scores after treatment at all time points compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Before treatment, the ESWT and control groups had a VAS score of 6.8 ± 1.3 and 6.7 ± 1.0, respectively. Three weeks after treatment, they had a VAS score of 2.8 ± 1.1 and 6.1 ± 1.0, respectively. Six months after treatment, the VAS score was reduced to 1.9 ± 0.9 and 5.1 ± 1.0, respectively. The ESWT group had a MHQ score of 54.4 ± 7.7 before treatment and 73.3 ± 6.8 six months after. The control group had a MHQ score of 54.2 ± 7.1 before treatment and 57.8 ± 4.4 six months after. Conclusions: ESWT is an effective and a safe non-invasive treatment option for pain management and hand functionality in pillar pain.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.559-569
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• 2002

The study examined the effects of San-Yin-Jiao(SP-6) acupressure treatment on labor pain, length of delivery and anxiety for women in the labor. The effects of using SP-6 acupressure were evaluated by comparing two groups, a SP-6 acupressure group (22) and a control group (17), for a total of 39 women in labor who had a normal vaginal delivery. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire which included general characteristics, a subjective labor pain scale, measurement of duration of delivery time and a subjective anxiety scale. Data were collected before treatment (pre) and after treatment (post). The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. The post-scores for total labor pain increased over the pre-scores but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(p=0.219). Wilcoxon signed rank test of the difference in pre-post labor pain scores for the SP-6 acupressure group was not statistically significant (p=0.081) but the increase for the control group was statistically significant (p=0.001). 2. The length of time for the delivery in the group which had the SP-6 acupressure was shorter (143.91${\pm}$67.77) than the control group (197.94${\pm}$89.64). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.028). 3. The post-scores for anxiety increased over the pre-scores but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.426). The scores of SP-6 acupressure group did not show a significant increase by the Wilcoxon signed rank test (p=0.194) but in the control group showed a significant increase (p=0.008).This study showed that SP-6 acupressure was effective in relation to labor pain, length of time for delivery and anxiety for labor women. But it is necessary to replicate the study with a larger number of participants to generalize the results.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.397-411
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• 2021

This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of premedication on postoperative pain after root canal treatment in vital teeth. Five electronic databases were searched for randomized clinical trials, and two independent reviewers selected eligible studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model, and the pooled effect estimate of the standardized mean difference (SMD) between premedication and placebo was calculated. Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the class and route of the drug. Studies with a high risk of bias were excluded from the sensitivity analysis. Ten trials satisfied the inclusion criteria, of which eight were included in the meta-analysis. Premedication was more effective in reducing postoperative pain than placebo at 6 hours (SMD = -1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.33 to -0.66), 12 hours (SMD = -0.80; 95% CI = -1.05 to -0.56), and 24 hours (SMD = -0.72; 95% CI = -1.02 to -0.43). The results of the sensitivity analysis confirmed the findings of the primary analysis. Based on these results, it can be concluded that premedication is effective in reducing postoperative pain in teeth with irreversible pulpitis. However, additional quality studies are required for further validation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.126-152
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of passive caudal gliding mobilization of the glenohumeral joint on the range of motion (ROM) of active and passive abduction; to evaluate the value of pain relief through visual analogue scale (VAS); to evaluate the correlation between improvement of shoulder abduction and intra-articular movement measured by fluoroscopy in frozen shoulder patients. The subjects consisted of twenty-one patients with clinically diagnosed frozen shoulder (11 males, 10 females) between 40 and 63 years of age (mean age : 52.7 years). The traction and caudal gliding mobilization based on the convex-concave rule in the resting position and at end range of abduction was peformed for 15 minutes per day and was repeated 10 times during a 2 week period. The ROM of abduction was measured by goniometer and pain was measured by VAS. The intra-articular movement was measured by fluoroscope, Neurostar Plus TOP (Siemens, Germany). ROM measurements of each patient was acquired at pre-treatment, immediate post-treatment and 2 week post-treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 10.0 for Windows software and data was analyzed using the paired-test and the pearson correlation. The results of this study are as follows: 1. There was a significant decrease of VAS between pre-treatment data and 2 week post-treatment data (P<.05) but no significant difference between pre-treatment and immediate post-treatment data (P>.05). 2. There was a significant increase in ROM of active and passive abduction in the pre-treatment data, immediate post-treatment data, and in 2 week post-treatment data (P<.05). 3. With regard to results of the joint play test, there was a significant difference in the grade of traction between pre-treatment data and immediate post-treatment data and between pre-treatment data and 2 week post-treatment data (P<.05). There was no significant difference between immediate post-treatment data and 2 week post-treatment data (P>.05). 4. With regard to results of the joint play test, there was a significant difference in the grade of caudal gliding between pre-treatment data and immediate post-treatment data and between pre-treatment data and 2 week post-treatment data (P<.05). There was no significant difference between immediate post-treatment data and 2 week post-treatment data (P>.05), 5. With regard to the results of fluoroscopic findings, there was a significant change of the glenohumeral joint space between pre-treatment data and immediate post-treatment data and between immediate post-treatment data and 2 week post-treatment data (P<.05). There was no significant change of the glenohumeral joint space between immediate post-treatment data and 2 week post-treatment data (P>.05). 6. With regard to the results of fluoroscopic findings, there was a significant change of acromiohumeral joint space between the three data (pre-treatment data, immediate post-treatment data, 2 week post-treatment data) (P<.05). 7. Mobility grade by joint play test was significantly increased and was correlated to improved ROM of active and passive abduction (P<.05). In this study of frozen shoulder, passive caudal gliding techniques of the glenohumeral joint results in statistically significant changes in active and passive abduction as well as in VAS. There is also a significant correlation between joint play test and ROM of abduction.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.529-536
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to identify the effect of auriculotherapy on low abdominal pain and dysmenorrhea in school-aged girls. Methods: This design was a pre and post-test with nonequivalent groups. The subjects were 71 girls who were middle school students with dysmenorrheal (35 students for the treatment group and 36 students for the comparison group). The subjects of the treatment group received auriculotherapy once a week for 10 weeks. The comparison group received instruction on auriculotherapy and was requested waiting for the order. Results: The treatment group reported significantly less low abdominal pain than the comparison group. However, there were not statistical differences in reported dysmenorrhea. In future analysis, 60.0% of the treatment group reported more physical comfort, and 45.7% reported more emotional cool down. Conclusion: The finding indicate that auriculotherapy could be effective in decreasing low abdominal pain during menstrual periods. Therefore, auriculotherapy could be an effective nursing intervention for low abdominal pain occurring during mensuration. However, further studies need to be done to support auriculotherapy as effective.

• 대한중풍순환신경학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2015

■ Objectives This clinical study is to report the effect of Korean medicine on patient with central poststroke pain. ■ Methods A patient who was treated with herbal medicine Sokyungwhalhyul-tang(SKWHT), acupuncture and moxibution. Degree of treatment was measured by Numbering Rating Scale and quality of sleep. ■ Results After taking herb medicine, acupuncture and moxibution, the patient's pain was relieved and quality of sleep was improved before treatment. ■ Conclusion This clinical case study showed the effect of Korean medicine on symptom of pain.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.81-92
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• 2009

Objective : This study was designed to the effect of moxibustion therapy on the pain decrease and joint recovery with degenerative knee arthritis Methods : The research was administered from January to March 2008. The study subjects are menopause female 20 person and over 50 years old with degenerative knee arthritis patients, The Research were conducted with 10 moxibustion group and to 10 hot pack group during 4 Weeks. Results : 1. There is no significant difference of LSS of pre-treatment between hot pack group and moxibustion group(p<0.05). 2. There is no significant difference of LSS of post-treatment between hot pack group and moxibustion group(p<0.05). 3. There is no significant difference of LSS between pretreatment and post-treatment in hot pack group and moxibustion group(p<0.05). 4. There is no significant difference of VAS of pre-treatment between hot pack group and moxibustion group(p<0.05). Conclusion : This study suggests that hot pack used usually in physical therapy can decrease pain but the there is no significantly different between these two methods.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.174-182
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• 2020

Objectives: Joint injuries frequently lead to progressive joint degeneration that causes articular disc derangement, joint inflammation, and osteoarthritis. Such arthropathies that arise after trauma are defined as post-traumatic arthritis (PTA). Although PTA is well recognized in knee and elbow joints, PTA in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has not been clearly defined. Interestingly, patients experiencing head and neck trauma without direct jaw fracture have displayed TMJ disease symptoms; however, definitive diagnosis and treatment options are not available. This study will analyze clinical aspects of PTA in TMJ and their treatment outcomes after joint arthrocentesis and lavage. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with history of trauma to the head and neck especially without jaw fracture were retrospectively studied. Those patients developed TMJ disease symptoms and were diagnosed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. To decrease TMJ discomfort, arthrocentesis and lavage with or without conservative therapy were applied, and efficacy was evaluated by amount of mouth opening and pain scale. Statistical differences between pre- and post-treatment values were evaluated by Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: Patient age varied widely between 20 and 80 years, and causes of trauma were diverse. Duration of disease onset was measured as 508 post-trauma days, and 85% of the patients sought clinic visit within 2 years after trauma. In addition, 85% of the patients showed TMJ disc derangement without reduction, and osteoarthritis was accompanied at the traumatized side or at both sides in 40% of the patients. After arthrocentesis or lavage, maximal mouth opening was significantly increased (28-44 mm on average, P<0.001) and pain scale was dramatically decreased (7.8-3.5 of 10, P<0.001); however, concomitant conservative therapy showed no difference in treatment outcome. Conclusion: The results of this study clarify the disease identity of PTA in TMJ and suggest early diagnosis and treatment options to manage PTA in TMJ.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.111-123
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• 2006

Objectives: This study is performed to evaluate the clinical effect of chuna therapy on the neck pain associated with kyphotic cervical curvature. Methods: This study carried out on three patients with neck pain & kyphotic cervical curvature who have received treatment in Depar1ment of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine, Daejon Oriental Hospital of Daejon University from 28th July 2006 to 3th November 2006. Pre and post treatment, We evaluated the cervical angle, Jackson's angle, Jochumsen method, Ishihara index, VAS and effective score of treatment. Results & Conclusions: Two patients who received Chuna treatment recovered cervical curvature and improved neck pain. But One patient who dosen't received Chuna treatment was no improvement in cervical curvature & neck pain.