• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.16-17
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• 2003

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate effects of 'Soyeum' on cancer patients accompanied by pain. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 9 patients accompanied by pain who had been injected with 'Soyeum' for over 14 days continuously in East-West Cancer Center of Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University from June 2002 through august 2002. Results : The statistical significance between the pre-treatment and post-treatment results (Changes of Cytokine Level, QOL, BPQ and Pain relief after pain management) were analyzed. Analysis of cytokines (IL-12, IFN- ) level showed that the percentage of increase of lL-12 is $60\%$, IFN- is $60\%$. Analysis of QOL showed that the percentage of maintenance and improvement is $77.8\%$. $55.5\%$ of the patients reported a 'worst pain' intensity score of 3 or greater, $44.5\%$ reported a 'least pain' intensity score of 2 or greater, and $66.7\%$ reported 'average pain' intensity score of 2 or greater. $33.3\%$ of the patients were in pain at the time of interview and $22.2\%$ had a current intensity score of 2 or greater. Analysis of pain relief after pain management showed that the percentage of pain relief score of 2 and 3 is $55.6\%$. The data was expressed as Mean SE by using descriptive statistics. Statistical significance examined by using paired t-test. Conclusions : It is suggested that 'Soyeum' has effects on pain of cancer patients, also expected that 'Soyeum' is useful to improve immunoactivity and for cancer patients

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1905-1909
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• 2013

Objective: The aim of the current study was to evaluate changes in treatment outcomes in terms of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptom burden at zero, one, three, and six months after an initial diagnosis of colorectal cancer. The demographic and clinical characteristics that account for outcome changes in patients were investigated using a repeated measures framework. Methods and Materials: A cohort study was performed of 134 colorectal cancer patients followed from diagnosis to 6 months post-treatment in Central Taiwan. HRQoL and symptoms were assessed at diagnosis and one, three, and six months thereafter. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Colon (FACT-C) questionnaire, VAS pain, and the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) were used for data collection. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) was applied for statistical analysis. Results: The majority of the patients were male (55%) and married (91.5%). The mean age was 60.4 years (SD = 11.71). Most were diagnosed stage III and IV colorectal cancer (54.5%). All underwent surgery; some also received chemotherapy (CT) or concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). The results of the GEE showed that overall, the HRQoL, pain, and symptoms of the patients significantly improved over the treatment period. Patients with stage IV disease who had received surgery and CCRT showed the worst HRQoL. Females, patients with comorbidity, and stage IV patients had higher pain scores over time. Female and stage IV patients had more severe physical symptoms, whereas stage II and IV patients had worse psychological symptoms over time. Conclusion: The patients' HRQoL, pain, and symptoms significantly improved over the 6-month treatment period. Certain patient and clinical variables accounted for changes in treatment outcomes regarding HRQoL and symptom burden in colorectal cancer patients.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.183-193
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of performing Pilates exercises for eight weeks on the isokinetic trunk strength and balance of female middle school students with lumbago. Methods: Twenty-four female students who met the test requirements were recruited and randomly divided into a control group (CG, n = 16) and a Pilates exercise group (Pilates group; PG, n = 8). The PG performed a Pilates program, which consisted of lumbar muscle strengthening exercises, for 60 minutes three times a week for eight weeks. Data analysis was conducted by two-way repeated ANOVA, and a Bonferroni test was carried out when significant differences appeared. The alpha level was set at 0.05. Results: Following the experimental treatment, the PG showed an increased trunk flexion peak torque of 17% and 13% at angular velocities of 180°/sec and 300°/sec, respectively. The intergroup comparison showed no significant difference at pre-measurement, while the PG increased about 31% (180°/sec) and 15% (300°/sec) higher than the control group at post-measurement. Following the experimental treatment, the PG showed an increased trunk extensor peak torque of approximately 29% and 21% at angular velocities of 180°/sec and 300°/sec, respectively. The intergroup comparison showed no significant difference at pre-measurement, while the PG increased approximately 27% (180°/sec) and 15% (300°/sec) higher than the control group at post-measurement. Both the CG and the PG showed a 20% and 50% decrease in pain index after the experimental treatment, respectively. After the experimental treatment, the PG had about 50% lower pain than the CG. The average error rate of static balance in the PG reduced by 19% from 3.28±0.45 to 2.65±0.36, confirming a significant improvement. Conclusion: Regular Pilates exercise for eight weeks improved the isokinetic trunk muscle strength of female middle school students with lumbago and relieved their pain. Pilates was also shown to be effective in improving balance.

• CELLMED
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.4.1-4.10
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• 2023

Background and objective: Cervicitis are an inflammatory condition of the cervix. This may be acute, chronic, active & specific or non-specific, which may cause various sign & symptoms. Abnormal vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pain, lower backache, post coital bleeding. If not treated timely it causes various complications viz PID, infertility, endometritis, ectopic pregnancy etc. Hence it has been decided to conduct a clinical trial for its management. Method: This study was an open observational study. The entire patients were allocated by considering the criteria of inclusion & exclusion. Marhame dakhilyun with roghane sausan is given 10 mg as ḥamūl at bed time, after menses for 21 days. All the patients were assessed by primary outcome of abnormal vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pain, lower backache, post coital bleeding & secondary outcomes of vaginal symptoms scale score (VSS) which score the vaginal discharge with QOL in cervicitis patients and vaginal analogue scale (VAS) for pain. Result: In this present study, marked improvement is observed in cervicitis. The mean ± SD of vaginal discharge before & after treatment is 2.57±0.050, 0.33±0.48 respectively which is highly significant with p value of<0.0001^**. VSS score before & after treatment is 21.27±6.12, 7.47±2.48 respectively with p<0.0001^** which is highly significant. VAS score used for LAB & LPA before & after treatment is 6.63±1.09, 1.90±1.29 respectively with p<0.0001^** which is highly significant. Interpretation & Conclusion: The study revealed that the formulation has been found effective in healing congestion, hypertrophied of the cervix and discharge and relieving the others associated symptoms of cervicitis. It is useful and provided immediate and effective treatment for cervicitis. Hence, the trial drug can be recommended for its management.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.43-48
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• 2024

In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of a taping method to relieve low back pain (LBP) by comparing changes in visual analog scale (VAS) and disability index (Disa) between untreated, control, and treated groups. As a result, the efficacy of taping was confirmed in both the control and treatment groups. ANOVA analysis of VAS revealed significant differences between groups, and post hoc tests revealed significant differences in the untreated group and both the control and treatment groups, but no significant differences between the control and treatment groups. This demonstrates similar effectiveness of both taping methods on alleviating LBP. For Disa, ANOVA showed a significant difference, but post hoc tests did not confirm this. The within-group t-test showed significant differences in VAS and Disa in the control and treatment groups before and after the intervention, but not in the untreated group. This study highlights the efficacy of taping for LBP and suggests that both methods can be used clinically. Future studies should use larger samples and different conditions to verify these findings.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.321-328
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of neck stabilization exercise combined with vibroacoustic sound on patients with chronic neck pain and tension-type headache. Design: Two group pre test - post test design. Methods: 36 patients participated. Headache impact test-6(HIT-6), numerical rating scale(NRS) and muscle characteristics were measured at pre-post test. Participants divided into vibroacoustic sound group(VSG, n=18), control group(CG, n=18). VSG performed neck stabilization exercise and vibroacoustic sound stimulation. CG performed neck stabilization exercise. Both groups participated 3 times a week for a total of 4 weeks. Results: NRS showed a significant difference before and after intervention in both groups (p<0.05). HIT-6 showed a significant difference before and after intervention in the VSG group (p<0.05). Muscle tone showed a significant difference before and after intervention in the experimental group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in muscle stiffness and muscle elasticity before and after the intervention in both groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results of the study, it is thought that sonic vibroacoustic sound can be established as an effective treatment tool through a study applied to various diseases and symptoms.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.72-83
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• 2023

Background: Globally, spinal cord injury (SCI) results in a big burden, including 90% suffering permanent disability, and 60%-69% experiencing neuropathic pain. The main causes are oxidative stress, inflammation, and degeneration. The efficacy of the stem cell secretome is promising, but the role of human neural stem cell (HNSC)-secretome in neuropathic pain is unclear. This study evaluated how the mechanism of HNSC-secretome improves neuropathic pain and locomotor function in SCI rat models through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-matrix degradation, and neurotrophic activities. Methods: A proper experimental study investigated 15 Rattus norvegicus divided into normal, control, and treatment groups (30 µL HNSC-secretome, intrathecal in the level of T10, three days post-traumatic SCI). Twenty-eight days post-injury, specimens were collected, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, F2-Isoprostanes, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were analyzed. Locomotor recovery was evaluated via Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores. Neuropathic pain was evaluated using the Rat Grimace Scale. Results: The HNSC-secretome could improve locomotor recovery and neuropathic pain, decrease F2-Isoprostane (antioxidant), decrease MMP-9 and TNF-α (anti-inflammatory), as well as modulate TGF-β and BDNF (neurotrophic factor). Moreover, HNSC-secretomes maintain the extracellular matrix of SCI by reducing the matrix degradation effect of MMP-9 and increasing the collagen formation effect of TGF-β as a resistor of glial scar formation. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated the mechanism of HNSC-secretome in improving neuropathic pain and locomotor function in SCI through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-matrix degradation, and neurotrophic activities.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.128-136
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• 2023

Background: The authors aimed to compare the effects of a one-time ultrasound (US)-guided subacromial corticosteroid injection and three-time ozone (O₂-O₃) injection in patients with chronic supraspinatus tendinopathy. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to the corticosteroid group (n = 22) or ozone group (n = 22). Injections in both groups were administered into subacromial bursa with an US-guided in-plane posterolateral approach. Primary outcome measure was the change in the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC) score between baseline and 12-weeks post-injection. Secondary outcome measures included visual analog scale and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index scores. Assessments were recorded at baseline, and 4-weeks and 12-weeks post-injection. Results: Forty participants completed this study. Based on repeated measurement analysis of variance, a significant effect of time was found for all outcome measures in both groups. Both the groups showed clinically significant improvements in shoulder pain, quality of life, and function. Baseline, 4-week post-injection, and 12-week post-injection WORC scores (mean ± standard deviation) were 57.91 ± 18.97, 39.10 ± 20.50 and 37.22 ± 27.31 in the corticosteroid group, respectively and 69.03 ± 15.89, 39.11 ± 24.36, and 32.26 ± 24.58 in the ozone group, respectively. However, no significant group × time interaction was identified regarding all outcome measures. Conclusions: Three-time ozone injection was not superior to a one-time corticosteroid injection in patients with chronic supraspinatus tendinopathy. It might be as effective as corticosteroid injection at 4-weeks and 12-weeks post-injection in terms of relieving pain and improving quality of life and function.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.278-284
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• 2014

Background: Establishment of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as an outpatient procedure has accentuated the clinical importance of reducing early postoperative pain, as well as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). We therefore planned to evaluate the role of a multimodal approach in attenuating these problems. Methods: One hundred and twenty adult patients of ASA physical status I and II and undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in this prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients were divided into four groups of 30 each to receive methylprednisolone 125 mg intravenously or etoricoxib 120 mg orally or a combination of methylprednisolone 125 mg intravenously and etoricoxib 120 mg orally or a placebo 1 hr prior to surgery. Patients were observed for postoperative pain, fentanyl consumption, PONV, fatigue and sedation, and respiratory depression. Results were analyzed by the ANOVA, a Chi square test, the Mann Whitney U test and by Fisher's exact test. P values of less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Results: Postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption were significantly reduced by methylprednisolone, etoricoxib and their combination when compared with placebo (P<0.05). The methylprednisolone + etoricoxib combination caused a significant reduction in postoperative pain and fentanyl consumption as compared to methylprednisolone or etoricoxib alone (P<0.05); however, there was no significant difference between the methylprednisolone and etoricoxib groups (P>0.05). The methylprednisolone and methylprednisolone + etoricoxib combination significantly reduced the incidence and severity of PONV and fatigue as well as the total number of patients requiring an antiemetic treatment compared to the placebo and etoricoxib (P<0.05). Conclusions: A preoperative single-dose administration of a combination of methylprednisolone and etoricoxib reduces postoperative pain along with fentanyl consumption, PONV, antiemetic requirements and fatigue more effectively than methylprednisolone or etoricoxib alone or a placebo.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.148-151
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• 1999

This report is a case of 62-year-old man with anterior chest pain and pin pricking pain with allodynia affecting left T5 sensory dermatome for 3 months without history of vesicular skin eruption. He had a history of diabetes mellitus for 10 years and insulin therapy for recent 1 year. EKG, chest PA and rib series were normal. Serologic evaluation of IgG antibody to varicella-zoster virus was positive and was diagnosed as post herpetic neuralgia after zoster sine herpete. He was treated with left T5 nerve root block followed by thoracic epidural blockade and intercostal nerve block for 2 weeks. His VAS score decreased from 10 to 2 after 2 weeks of treatment. After 3 months, he revisited our clinic complaining right side chest pain followed by vesicular skin eruption 8 days after the onset of pain. He was treated as herpes zoster and tolerates well after 4 months.