• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.145-150
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• 2010

The regenerated silk fibroin with various molecular weights (MW) was prepared by different dissolution condition and the effect of coagulant on the wet spinnability of the various MW silk fibroin solutions dissolved in formic acid was investigated by the observation of wet spun filament in coagulant and the measurement of maximum draw ratio. The observation on the wet spun filament in coagulation bath revealed that good fibers without bead were formed in a high MW and a very high MW silk fibroin samples. In contrast, beads were observed in the silk fibroin sample with medium MW. The maximum draw ratio of wet spun silk fibroin filament decreased with MW reduction. The decrease of maximum draw ratio in isopropanol, acetone, DMF and THF was remarkably higher than that in methanol and ethanol, indicating that the coagulant type strongly influenced the wet spinnability. The two simple evaluation methods used in this study showed complementary information for wet spinnability: (a) The observation of filament in coagulant was effective to check a continuous fiber formation and a bead formation, and (b) the maximum draw ratio measurement was useful to examine the post drawing ability related to molecular orientation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.191-198
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• 2010

Objective : This study is planned to determine the neurocognitive difficulties of hydrocephalic adults. Methods : The research group contained healthy adults (control group, n : 15), and hydrocephalic adults (n : 15). Hydrocephalic group consisted of patients with idiopathic aquaduct stenosis and post-meningitis hydrocephalus. All patients were followed with shunted hydrocephalus and not gone to shunt revision during last two years. They were chosen from either asymptomatic or had only minor symptoms without motor and sensorineural deficit. A neuropsychological test battery (Raven Standart Progressive Matrices, Bender-Gestalt Test, Cancellation Test, Clock Drawing Test, Facial Recognition Test, Line Orientation Test, Serial Digit Learning Test, Stroop Color Word Interference Test-TBAG Form, Verbal Fluency Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Visual-Aural Digit Span Test-B) was applied to all groups. Results : Neuropsychological assessment of hydrocephalic patients demonstrated that they had poor performance on visual, semantic and working memory, visuoconstructive and frontal functions, reading, attention, motor coordination and executive function of parietal lobe which related with complex and perseverative behaviour. Eventually, these patients had significant impairment on the neurocognitive functions of their frontal, parietal and temporal lobes. On the other hand, the statistical analyses performed on demographic data showed that the aetiology of the hydrocephalus, age, sex and localization of the shunt (frontal or posterior parietal) did not affect the test results. Conclusion : This prospective study showed that adult patients with hydrocephalus have serious neuropsychological problems which might be directly caused by the hydrocephalus; and these problems may cause serious adaptive difficulties in their social, cultural, behavioral and academic life.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the method on improving the frequency of use and satisfaction rate of the community facilities and to evaluate relation between improving the frequency of use and satisfaction rate of the community facilities and improving the sense of community in apartments. The research subjects of this study is the four public lease apartments which is built around same period with same design guide. The survey method is a questionnaire survey, a experimental study, focus group interview, an analysing drawing. The result of study is as follows. The first, the frequency of use and satisfaction rate have been effected by the operation management system as well as the physical circumstance. The second, The frequency of use and satisfaction rate of the community facilities have had positive correlation with sense of community. The third, multimedia room and conference room with low usability need to change a multipurpose space such as cafe, classroom for learning on artistic topic with high demand from occupant. Finally, a mindset shift is required for architects to inspire community facilities as an important mediated space improving the sense of community by suggesting spaces for leisure and hobby activities.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.406-421
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• 2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the obligatory wearing of masks has led to increased consumer demand and the diversification of mask design. Accordingly, it is necessary to understand the inner meaning and characteristics of masks in the pandemic situation. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of fashionable masks and their new cultural meaning under the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is based on literature review and empirical research. Drawing on an investigation of the historical evolution of masks and their transition under the pandemic (exhibiting differences in mask culture among countries and regions), this study analyzed 54 distinctive fashion masks designed by fashion brands and influencers that appeared from January 2020 to January 2021. The characteristics of fashion masks identified under the influence of the pandemic are as follows: Message delivery on political issues and human rights; psychological defense and expression of individuality; and conspicuous display via luxurious materials and luxury brand logos; moreover, the design of the mask uses the same material, color, pattern, decoration, and other methods as clothing to achieve the overall style. Over the course of the pandemic (and even in post-pandemic lifestyle), fashion masks are becoming more diversified conveying new social and cultural meanings.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.70-77
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• 2022

Wet-spun regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) fibers have been extensively studied owing to their 1) useful properties as biomaterials, including good blood compatibility and cyto-compatibility; 2) the various methods available to control the structural characteristics and morphology of the fiber, and 3) the possibility of fabricating blended fibers and new material-embedded fibers. In this study, silk nanofibrils prepared using a new method were embedded in RSF to fabricate wet-spun silk nanofibril/RSF composite fibers. Up to 2% addition of silk nanofibril, the silk nanofibril/RSF dope solution showed slight shear thinning, and the G' and G" of the dope solution were similar. However, above 3% silk nanofibril content, the viscosity of the dope solution significantly increased. In addition, shear thinning was remarkably evident, and the G' of the dope solution was much higher than the G", indicating a very elastic state. As the silk nanofibril content was increased, the wet-spun silk nanofibril/RSF composite fiber became uneven, with a rough surface, and more beaded fibers were produced. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that the beaded fibers were attributed to the inhomogeneous dispersion and presence of agglomerates of the silk nanofibrils. As the silk nanofibril content and RSF concentration increased, the maximum draw ratio decreased, indicating the deterioration of the wet spinnability and post-drawing performance of silk nanofibril/RSF.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.550-557
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• 2009

The concepts of 'sustainable development', 'sustainable construction' and 'green building' have been elevated to priority levels in all types and phases of construction project development worldwide. Consultants and contractors are now required to seriously consider the impact of their operations on the natural environment and the society, and consequently adopt sustainable construction practices in the development process to minimize and mitigate the negative impacts of their activities. However, existing sustainability rating tools apply to the design, post-construction and operation phases of a building; no tool exists for the rating of the performance of the contractor or the project team at the construction phase. This study aimed to develop a model for evaluating the sustainability of construction operations, drawing on the global best practice standards on sustainability. Practical applications of the model were carried out through case studies to evaluate the performances of fifteen construction firms in New Zealand. The developed model and the outcomes of the case studies were presented, including potential areas of weaknesses, strengths, constraints to achievement or adoption of sustainable construction practices and areas for improvement in the operations of the firms. The successful application of the developed model in practice shows its usefulness and ease of application. It is therefore recommended for adoption as a simple but effective system for measuring and reporting on sustainability performance or sustainability of construction operations of firms in New Zealand and elsewhere.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.385-396
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• 2023

Purpose: Drawing on person-environment fit theory and social cognitive theory, this study aimed to examine how self-efficacy affects nurses' workplace well-being via person-job fit and the moderating role of digital competence. Methods: A two-wave survey was conducted to collect data. Data were collected from six hundred and ninety-five nurses at three Chinese hospitals between May 2022 and September 2022. We employed hierarchical regression analysis and bootstrapping to analyze the data. Results: Self-efficacy positively influenced person-job fit (β = .55, p < .001), which positively affected nurses' workplace well-being (β= .32, p < .001). Person-job fit mediated the effect of self-efficacy on nurses' workplace well-being. Additionally, digital competence strengthened the positive impact of self-efficacy on person-job fit (β = .12, p < .001). Conclusion: Recruiting nurses with both self-efficacy and digital competence benefits hospitals. It is critical for nurses to improve their digital competence for achieving person-job fit and attaining workplace well-being in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the unstable wall squat exercise and stable bridge exercise on posture in normal adults. Methods: The subjects of this study were 34 university students who were normal health adults, equally and randomly allocated to a unstable wall squat exercise group (male 7, female 10), an experimental group, and a stable bridge exercise group, a control group. Both did so for 30 minutes three times per week over a six-weeks period. Using Back Mapper, their trunk inclination (TIN), trunk imbalance (TIM), pelvic position (PPO), pelvic torsion (PTO), pelvic rotation (PRO) and the position of their scapula (PSA) were evaluated. Results: When the pre-test and post-test results of experimental group and control group were compared, statistically significant differences in TIN, PTO and PSA of experimental group were seen. Conclusion: Unstable wall squat exercise accompanied by abdominal drawing-in may be applied as a method to correct the posture in normal adults.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.103-114
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• 2023

In the post-pandemic era, colleges and students keep passion for learning online sine its unique advantages. This study explores how students' basic psychological needs drawn from self-determination theory, connect to interaction, and learning engagement in the context of online learning. While prior research explored students' intentions, digital interactions, and engagement in online learning, this study aims to come up with a united conceptual model drawing the three basic psychological needs and interaction and their effects on learning engagement. 178 response data collected through a questionnaire survey, were analyzed using PLS-SEM. Findings indicate that online learning interaction enhances intrinsic motivation, leading to higher learning engagement. Autonomy emerges as the most influential psychological need on learning engagement. This study integrates self-determination theory with online learning interactions and engagement and offers practical insights. Future research should examine long-term outcomes and diverse student populations.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.319-329
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• 2000

Prediction of the soft tissue changes following hard tissue movement is very important from the esthetic view point for patients who have orthognathic surgery. There are many cephalometric analysis of facial bone and soft tissue on the lower lip and chin region but few soft tissue analysis on the midface after mandibular setback surgery. This study was performed to obtain whether the mandibular posterior movement has influence on the midface and the predictable ratio of post-operative measurement values of the soft tissue changes following mandibular setback surgery. Fifteen patients (8 males and 7 females) who had undergone mandibular setback surgery were selected and analyzed the soft tissue movement on the upper lip and the cheek region. Post-operative changes of the soft tissue measurements after mandibular surgery were examined on pre- and post-operative cephalometrics and the ratio of changes were analyzed after drawing the reference line on the face with the barium sulfate solution. The reference lines were perpendicular to the intercanthal line from infraorbital foramen and lateral canthus. The results obtained were as follows : 1. There were tendancy of anterior movement of soft tissue adjacent the nose after mandibular surgery 2. There were incerased tendancy of the amount of anterior movement from the nasal crease to the cheek region. 3. The amount of anterior movement of the soft tissue was larger below the palatal plane compared with above the palatal plane in the cheek region. 4. The upper lip length was increased and moved posterior direction after mandibular setback surgery 5. The lower lip was moved posterior direction by posterior movement of the mandibular structure 6. Soft tissue of the midface around the nose moved anterior direction after mandibular setback surgery but there was no correlation between the amount of mandibular setback and the amount of the soft tissue changes