• 환경영향평가
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.483-491
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• 2019

파리 협약에 따른 post-2020에 대비하기 위한 환경영향평가(EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment) 측면에서의 온실가스 감축방안을 모색하였다. 2010~2019년 금강유역환경청의 EIA대상사업 중 26건의 환경영향평가서(EIS : Environmental Impact Statement)를 사례분석한 결과로, '온실가스 항목'은 대부분 형식적으로 작성된 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구에서는 EIA시 '온실가스 항목'의 형식적 평가를 개선하기 위한 방안으로서, 1) EIA대상사업별 온실가스 배출량에 따른 배출부과금 할당, 2) "환경오염시설의 통합관리에 관한 법률"에 근거한 '허가배출기준 설정'에 '온실가스 항목'의 추가, 3)이해당사자들이 EIA대상 개발사업의 초기단계에 참여하는 거버넌스 확립으로 온실가스 감축 등을 제안하였고, 구체적인 내용을 논의하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 1994

Environmental Impact Assessment is composed of screening, scoping, inventory survey, prediction, assessment, alternative assessment, mitigation measure, and post management. Environmental monitoring data is applied to EIA process such as prediction and post management. It must he collected and managed systematically for effective applying in EIA process. This article explains factors such as air quality, water quality, soil, ocean, odor, noise & vibration, ecosystem, etc. and organizations of environmental monitoring managed by Ministry of Environment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1995

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is composed of various procedures, such as screening, scoping, inventory survey, prediction, assessment, alternative assessment, mitigation measures, and post management. Environmental monitoring data for air quality or water quality, etc. is applied in the EIA process, especially in prediction and post management. As an effective tool of environmental monitoring, the remote sensing method, introduced recently, was used in collecting nationwide data concerning ecosystem and land use. This article explains the current monitoring status in Korea. Monitoring factors include air quality, water quality, soil, ocean, odor, noise, and ecosystems. This report explains the organization of the environmental monitoring system managed by the Ministry of Environment in Korea. Furthermore, it shows the environmental criteria and environmental policies applied to EIA in Korea.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.134-146
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• 2005

Environmental monitoring system has been adopted and supplemented as inspection measures for the quantitative and qualitative changes of environmental impact assessment (EIA). This study compares the results of environmental impact assessment with the results of post-environmental investigation using a correction and principal component analysis (PCA) in the housing development project. Correlation analysis showed that most of air quality variables including TSP, $PM_{10},\;NO_2$, CO were linearly correlated with each other in the environmental impact assessment and the post-environmental investigation. In the water quality, pH and BOD were well correlated with the DO and SS, respectively. As a result of correlation analysis in the noise and vibration, noise in day and night and vibration in day and night were related to each other between EIA and the post-environmental investigation. From the results of analysis of soil, Cu with Cd, Cu with Pb, and Cd with Pb were related to each other in EIA. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed a powerful pattern recognition that had attempted to explain the variance of a large dataset of inter-correlated variable with a smaller set of independent variables (principal components). Principal component (PC1) and principal component (PC2) were obtained with eigenvalues> 1 summing almost $90\%$ of the total variance in the all of the items(air, water, noise, vibration and soil) in EIA and post-environmental investigation.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.59-64
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• 1995

Environmental Impact Assesment(EIA) is composed of various procedures, such as screening, scoping, inventory survey, prediction, assessment, mitigation measure, alternative assessment, and post management. Remote sensing introduced lately begins to be applied ecosystem and land use in inventory survey and assessment of EIA. This study explains on land use classification, buffering analysis of residential area, and overlaying analysis of odor predictive data with residential area for application to EIA with remote sensing data. Residential area extracted from land use classification of remote sensing provides effectively buffering analysis of residential area in selection of landfill site with GIS. It could assess also residential effect to an offensive odor by overlaying analysis. Application methods in EIA should be enlarged to assess effectively.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1995

The European Community (EC) began dealing with the subject of environmental impact assessment (EIA) in the mid-1970s. After ten years of preparatory work and more than 20 draft versions, the EC Council of Ministers adopted, in 1985, the Directive on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment (85/337/EEC). This directive requires the member states to make EIA mandatory for certain projects. Its Article 3 defines the purpose of the instrument: "The environmental impact assessment will identify, describe and assess the direct and indirect effects of a project. There are no rules on scoping or on post-project analysis. However, member states are free to adopt, in their domestic legislation, more stringent rules regarding the scope and procedure of EIA. Consequently, they have developed national EIA systems which differ considerably from each other. Also, EIA practice in each of these countries is different from that in the others. In 1992, the EC Council adopted the 'Flora, Fauna, Habitat' Directive which lays down an additional EIA requirement. Member states will have to develop a network of 'European' nature conservation areas. Each project or plan possibly endangering these areas will have to be assessed whether it is in line with the protection purposes laid down for them. Although the directive does not say so explicitly, this means that a kind of EIA will have to be carried out for those projects and plans. For several years, the Commission has been developing proposals for a directive on EIA of plans and programmes ("strategic EIA"). This would supplement directive 85/337/EED, and would require and EIA for plans and programmes influencing decisions on specific projects(e.g. agricultural plans or energy programmes). At present, procedural and methodological questions of strategic EIA are being discussed extensively both within and without the European Union.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2016

환경영향평가 사후관리는 환경영향평가 제도의 완성과 발전에 있어 필수적으로 요구되는 단계이다. 근자에 환경영향평가 제도가 안정기에 들면서 제도의 내실 있는 성장을 위한 환경영향평가 사후관리의 내실화 및 활성화에 대한 요구가 높아졌다. 최근까지도 다양한 환경영향평가 사후관리 개선방안이 제시되어 온 것은 사실이다. 그러나 실제 정책에 적용되기 위해서는 일정 수준의 선행준비가 필요하고 이러한 대내 외적인 여건 마련 부족 그리고 현실적 상황과 제안사항 사이의 간극으로 인해 실제 제도개선에의 적용에는 어려움이 있었다. 이에 본 논문에서는 환경영향평가 사후관리의 발전방향을 설정하고 단계별 실천전략을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 국내 제도의 현황을 다각도에서 분석하여 문제점을 도출하고 국외 동향과의 비교를 통해 우리나라 제도의 현 상황을 파악하였다. 최종적으로 연구결과를 종합하여 우리나라 환경영향평가 사후관리가 수행해야 하는 주요 기능 및 발전 방향과 최종 목표를 설정하고 최종 목표에 연착륙하기 위한 단계별 실천전략을 제시하였다.

• 농촌계획
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2019

Environmental impact assessment (EIA), which predicts, evaluates, and manages the influences on natural landscape, plays a role of monitoring natural resources for systematic management of natural landscape. However, the function of verification and correction of the system is still insufficient and feed-back, one of the most important features of EIA follow-up, has not been introduced in Korea's EIA system yet. As a procedure, it is required to check if the opinions of the evaluators are properly reflected to the outcomes of the project through a reviewing process after assessing environmental impacts of a development project. In reality, despite the awareness about the importance of follow-up inspection of the conformity with, the system mainly focuses on the agreement during the planning stage of the development project and fails to continuously manage after its completion. There have been various preceding studies related to prediction, evaluation, and management of environmental impacts on natural landscape for better management. They primarily dealt with the problems in the EIA process and suggested improvement measures, including directions for institutional development, step-by-step goals, and operation methods, to address the problems which arise in the EIA follow-up process. However, suggested measures are not actively applied with the focus only put on institutional operation, there are virtually no standardized methods to predict and assess landscape changes due to the development project and to manage landscape after the project. Against this backdrop, this study aims to explore the existing methods to analyze the impacts natural landscape and to establish a system where landscape management is continued after the development project. To this end, we will suggest reducing methods according to the predicted changes in landscape for post-project management of natural landscape. Characteristics of reduction methods by project type were examined through reviewing the guide to natural landscape rating and the importance of development project impacts on natural landscape by type of reduction was evaluated through questionnaire for experts. Evaluated types of reduction are classified and presented by characteristics of each development project and content of reduction type.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2019

UAVs are unmanned, autonomous or remotely piloted aircraft. As UAVs become smaller, lighter and more economical, their applications continue to expand. Researches on UAVs in the field of remote sensing show development methods and purposes similar to those on satellite images, and they are widely used in studies such as 3D image composition and monitoring. In the field of environmental impact assessment(EIA), satellite information and data are mainly used. However, only low-resolution images covering long distances and large-scale data allowing for rough examination are being provided, so their uses are seriously limited. Therefore, in this paper, we construct spatial information of forest area by using unmanned aerial vehicle and seek efficient utilization and policy improvement in the field of environmental impact assessment. As a result, high-resolution images and data from UAVs can be used to identify the location status of SEIA, EIA, and small scale EIA project plans and to evaluate detailed environmental impact analysis. In addition, when provided together with infographics about Post-environmental impact investigation, it was confirmed that the possibility of periodic spatial information construction and evaluation can be used throughout the entire project contents and project post-process.In order to provide sophisticated infographics for the EIA, drone photography and GCP surveying methods were derived.The results of this study will be used as a basis for improving high-resolution monitoring and environmental impact assessment in the forest sector.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.245-254
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• 1993

This paper attempts to analyze the institutionalization process of Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) system within the context of Korean environmental policy. The implementation of EIA in the 1980's was not seriously considered by other government agencies and was sometimes degraded as mere formality due to the inherent problems of the system. With viewing the theory and practice of EIA in Korea, this paper argues that it is essential to reinforce ex post facto management incorporate the participation of residents of concerned areas, upgrade the validity of assessment by selecting a credible assessment-agenices and develop the required technologies. Finally, this paper acknowledge the necessity of devising the mechanism to reconcile the conflict between the regional interest and the national interest.