• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.165-182
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• 2009

This study analyzed the economic analysis on the Cambodian inland waterway from Phnom Penh to Chong Kneas. The social discount rate of 3.5% was applied for the cost and benefit of projects and converted to the current values in 2009. The benefits were supposed as the triangle distribution with minimum, mode, and maximum value corresponding to pessimistic, moderate and optimistic prospect separately. And the distributions of costs were the normal. As the result of probabilistic simulations, the average of B/C for scenario A showed relatively the highest with 0.25 and its 90% confidence interval 0.16~0.35. The average B/C of scenario B is 0.10 with the 90% confidence interval 0.06~0.13 and the one of scenario C is 0.15 with 90% confidence interval 0.12~0.19. Therefore it was concluded as low economic feasibility to install inland waterway aids to navigation along the surveyed waterway. However, the performance of the project should be determined by its political analysis as well as the economic.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.5-10
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• 2016

As a key component of a Francis turbine facility, the runner performance plays a vital role in the performance of the turbine. It is effective and successful to design a Francis turbine runner blade with good performance by one dimensional hydraulic design method. On the basis of one dimensional hydraulic analysis, there are a lot of parameters of the internal flow passage shapes determined by experience. Among those parameters, the effect of port area of blade on the performance of a Francis turbine is investigated in this study. A given Francis turbine model was selected for investigating the port area of blade on the performance. The result shows that the effect of port area of runner blade on the outflow angle from runner passage on the performance is quite significant. A correct exit flow angle reduces the energy loss at draft tube, which has the best efficiency of the turbine model.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.71-78
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• 2020

This paper proposes vision sensors and deep learning-based around view monitoring system for ship berthing. Ship berthing to the port requires precise relative position and relative speed information between the mooring facility and the ship. For ships of Handysize or higher, the vesselships must be docked with the help of pilots and tugboats. In the case of ships handling dangerous cargo, tug boats push the ship and dock it in the port, using the distance and velocity information receiving from the berthing aid system (BAS). However, the existing BAS is very expensive and there is a limit on the size of the vessel that can be measured. Also, there is a limitation that it is difficult to measure distance and speed when there are obstacles near the port. This paper proposes a relative distance and speed estimation system that can be used as a ship berthing assist system. The proposed system is verified by comparing the performance with the existing laser-based distance and speed measurement system through the field tests at the actual port.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.63-68
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• 2015

The fin and tube type heat exchangers widely used in air conditioners have been developed to improve on the heat transfer performance and compactness. This study presents the new type of tube for the heat exchanger to improve the heat transfer performance by increasing the heat transfer area per unit volume in the air-conditioner heat exchanger. The new type tube can be used for mechanical expansion facility, due to the two-port copper tube. Numerical calculation shows that the heat exchanger using the two-port copper tube outperforms the conventional heat-exchanger using a circular copper tube, in terms of the increased heat transfer coefficient and higher pressure drop. The calculation results were experimentally validated and are in agreement with the experimental results. Compared to the heat exchanger using a conventional circular tube, the heat exchanger with a two-port tube increased the heat transfer coefficient up to 21%, and the pressure dropped up to 16%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.345-352
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• 2006

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of two yard layout of HSS at container terminal, one is that the container yard blocks are placed horizontally in parallel with berth, the other is that the yard blocks are arranged vertically in perpendicular to the berth. In stevedoring system of container terminal, stacking and transport performance are influenced according to block arrangement type of yard. Therefore, efficient design that can improve stacking and transport performance is required. In this paper, we compared their efficiency of two block arrangement concepts in terms of storage capacity, productivity, facility investments, truck service level.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 1999.10a
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• pp.333-344
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• 1999

Currently many studies on the unmanned gantry crane for the automated container terminal are accomplished. This is needed for the development of large scale, automation, high speed, unmanned system and information system in port facility. In order to do efficient container handling job in port yard, the automated handling system is well adapted to the job environments and all-season weather, In order to realize the automatic and unmanned system for container handling job, the required functions and main structure system are studied. The major problems of operation of the conventional gantry crane are that the vibration of gantry structure body is occurred by operation and that high-speed and precision position-velocity control and the capability to dope to the external disturbances caused by the wind, rain, fog and job environments. In this paper, the fundamental study for establishment of the concept and the dynamic modelling of the major sub system of the unmanned gantry crane is presented. These studies are useful for design and manufacturing of the new concept model of the unmanned gantry crane for efficient operation of the automated container terminal.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.683-693
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• 2021

Shipping has become an important sector in supporting social, economic, government, defense, security, cultural and other sectors to unite separate islands and broad seas. Thus, ports automatically become an important facility in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to test and explain the effect of Organizational readiness for change, Service Innovation, and Corporate Image on Perceived opportunity and challenge. The research model with inferential analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with the WarpPLS approach, expected to answer the statements of problem and be able to test the desired hypothesis. The model development in this research was based on the background, statements of problem, conceptual framework and research hypotheses. The model referred to is "Complete and Comprehensive Port." Its development was carried out through studying and synthesizing various sources. The most important source is the results of literature review in the form of theoretical developments and research results, then continued with compilation. The use of Organizational Change Readiness, Service Innovation, and Corporate Image in improving Port Competitiveness is seen as one of the novelties of this research, specifically the use of the Organizational Change Readiness variable which is often used in high-flexibility companies but now used in port companies as well.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.93-112
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• 2018

Lately, various nations including the U.S. and China aim to decrease air pollutants in port areas. As the number of vessels as ports increases, the volume of cargo and air pollutants emitted from vessels are also increasing. Therefore, the social responsibility of port construction, shipping companies and terminal operators is becoming important. Alternate Maritime Power(AMP) is an anti-pollution measure which helps in reducing air pollution generated from diesel generators by using shore electric power. This study compares the AMP tariff and Bunk Fuel tariff at berth in order to determine how to operate an efficient offshore power supply facility in Gwangyang Port.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.75-84
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• 1999

Although many studies on modelling of port competitive situation have been conducted, both theoretical frame and methodology are still very weak. In this study, therefore, a new algorithm called ESD (Extensional System Dynamics) for the evaluation of port competition was presented, and applied to simulate port systems in northeast asia. The detailed objectives of this paper are to develop Unit fort Model by using SD(System Dynamics) method; to develop Competitive Port Model by ESD method; to perform sensitivity analysis by altering parameters, and to propose port development strategies. For these the algorithm for the evaluation of part's competition was developed in two steps. Firstly, SD method was adopted to develop the Unit Port models, and secondly HFP(Hierarchical Fuzzy Process) method was introduced to expand previous SD method. The proposed models were then developed and applied to the five ports - Pusan, Kobe, Yokohama, Kaoshiung, Keelung - with real data on each ports, and several findings were derived. Firstly, the extraction of factors for Unit Port was accomplished by consultation of experts such as research worker, professor, research fellows related to harbor, and expert group, and finally, five factor groups - location, facility, service, cargo volumes, and port charge - were obtained. Secondly, system's structure consisting of feedback loop was found easily by location of representative and detailed factors on keyword network of STGB map. Using these keyword network, feedback loop was found. Thirdly, for the target year of 2003, the simulation for Pusan port revealed that liner's number would be increased from 829 ships to 1,450 ships and container cargo volumes increased from 4.56 million TEU to 7.74 million TEU. It also revealed that because of increased liners and container cargo volumes, length of berth should be expanded from 2,162m to 4,729m. This berth expansion was resulted in the decrease of congested ship's number from 97 to 11. It was also found that port's charge had a fluctuation. Results of simulation for Kobe, Yokohama, Kaoshiung, Keelung in northeast asia were also acquired. Finally, the inter port competition models developed by ESB method were used to simulate container cargo volumes for Pusan port. The results revealed that under competitive situation container cargo volume was smaller than non-competitive situation, which means Pusan port is lack of competitive power to other ports. Developed models in this study were then applied to estimate change of container cargo volumes in competitive relation by altering several parameters. And, the results were found to be very helpful for port mangers who are in charge of planning of port development.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.139-154
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• 2017

As competition in domestic and overseas ports intensify, new and small domestic ports are realizing certain limitations to independently secure competitiveness. This study collected data over 60 months with five modifications for container and general cargo volume around Gyeongin Port. Short-period (12 months) cargo volume was forecasted, which revealed the need for a middle-to-long-term development plan. First, the hinterland logistics complex of Gyeongin Port is expected to contribute to the coastal maritime facility through the quasi-public system for fishery product transportation and passenger services. It proposes to achieve this by opening channels to and from China for precision machinery, home network systems, LEDs, and machine industry items. second, specializing the ultra-light cargo transport route, and connecting the coastal island areas of the 5 West Sea Islands to Ara Waterway (Integrated Fishery Product Center of the 5 West Sea Islands). Third, on the basis of organic cooperation of government? local government ? port, the incentive and pre-circular support system would be required, and lastly, it shall carry out the adjustment of functions in nearby ports and specialization strategy simultaneously through the integrated operation of the ports in the capital areas.