• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.232-235
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• 2010

This study examined the photostimulated luminescence (PSL) detection method suggested by the Korean Food and Drug Administration to assess whether the method can be used to identify irradiated spices in restructured pork patties, which served as a model system for processed meat products. Red and black pepper powders were irradiated at 0, 5.0, 7.5, and 10 kGy, and pork patties were formulated with the spice at irradiated pepper concentrations of 0.1% and 0.5%. PSL was then used to estimate amounts of light derived from the spice itself and pork patties. The results of PSL analysis showed that red and black pepper powders were determined as positive and presumptive positive, respectively, when irradiated at more than 7.5 kGy. However, when used in pork patties, all samples were negative for irradiation. Thus, PSL may not be useful in detecting irradiated ingredients used in processed meat products.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.347-355
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• 2021

This study evaluated the quality and antioxidant activities of pork patties after adding Cirsium nipponicum powder in a ratio of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%, and the potential of Cirsium nipponicum as a functional food. The moisture content increased with an increase in the Cirsium nipponicum powder content while the pH, cooking loss rate, diameter loss rate decreased. The L and b values decreased with increase in the Cirsium nipponicum powder content while the a value increased; this trend was observed before and after heating the patties. The hardness, chewiness, and gumminess increased with increase in the Cirsium nipponicum powder content. Consumer acceptability test revealed that the 2% Cirsium nipponicum powder group had a higher score than the other groups in respect to color, flavor, taste, texture, and overall acceptance. Notably, as the Cirsium nipponicum powder content increased, there was an increase in the antioxidant activities; increased total pheonlic, flavonoid, DPPH radical scavenging activity and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Based on the present study results, adding 2% of Cirsium nipponicum powder into pork patties achieved the best functionality and sensory qualities.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.674-684
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• 2010

The effects of ascorbic acid (AA) alone or in combination with sodium acetate/calcium lactate (AA+SACL) and chitosan (AA+CH) on the physicochemical properties and microbial growth of beef and pork patties stored at $5^{\circ}C$ were investigated. The patties were case-ready packed in an air-containing polypropylene (PP) tray and sealed with polyethylene terephthlate (PETP)/casted polypropylene (CPP) top film. Treatments with AA, AA+SACL and AA+CH were effective in inhibiting total aerobic bacteria from day 4 compared to the control. In general, thiobarbituric acid, volatile basic nitrogen, and hue values in treated samples were lower than the control over the storage, whereas Hunter ${\alpha}^*$ (redness) values and sensory scores for surface color and off-odor were higher. Regarding quality and shelf-life extension, ground beef and pork patties treated with AA+SACL produced the most desirable results among all treatments during storage.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.552-557
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• 2014

This study investigated the effects of ${\gamma}$-aminobutylic acid (GABA) on the quality and sensorial properties of both the GABA/NaCl complex and model meat products. GABA/NaCl complex was prepared by spray-drying, and the surface dimensions, morphology, rheology, and saltiness were characterized. For model meat products, pork patties were prepared by replacing NaCl with GABA. For characteristics of the complex, increasing GABA concentration increased the surface dimensions of the complex. However, GABA did not affect the rheological properties of solutions containing the complex. The addition of 2% GABA exhibited significantly higher saltiness than the control (no GABA treatment). In the case of pork patties, sensory testing indicated that the addition of GABA decreased the saltiness intensity. Both the intensity of juiciness and tenderness of patties containing GABA also scored lower than the control, based on the NaCl reduction. These results were consistent with the quality characteristics (cooking loss and texture profile analysis). Nevertheless, overall acceptability of the pork patties showed that up to 1.5%, patties containing GABA did not significantly differ from the control. Consequently, the results indicated that GABA has a potential application in meat products, but also manifested a deterioration of quality by the NaCl reduction, which warrants further exploration.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.413-420
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated the effects of dry radish leaf and root on the quality of pork patties during refrigeration storage. Methods: The patties were divided into the following three groups: the control containing 0% dry radish leaf root powder, RL1 containing 0.5% dry radish leaf root powder, and RL2 and RL3 containing 1% and 2% dry radish leaf root powder, respectively. Proximate composition, pH, cooking loss, microbial analysis, lipid oxidation analysis, color, texture profile analysis and sensory test were performed. Results: Moisture, crude protein, and crude ash contents in RL2 and RL3 were significantly higher than those in other groups (p<0.05), whereas crude fat contents in RL2 and RL3 were significantly lower than other groups (p<0.05). Lightness was significantly lower in RL2 and RL3 than in CON (p<0.05). Cooking loss for RL2 and RL3 were significantly lower than those for the other groups (p<0.05). The pH, thiobarbituric acid levels, and total plate counts of RL2 and RL3 were significantly lower than those of CON at days 7 and 14 (p<0.05). Hardness values of RL2 and RL3 were significantly lower than those of CON, whereas chewiness values were higher than those of CON (p<0.05). In addition, the juiciness of RL2 were significantly greater (p<0.05) than those of the other groups. Conclusion: Dried radish leaves and roots improved the proximate composition and quality characteristics of pork patties, providing a basis to produce high-quality patties with extended expiration dates. Thus, dried radish leaves and roots are effective ingredients for health or functional foods.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2007

본 연구는 적포도주의 첨가가 돈육 patty의 냉장 중 품질에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 적포도주를 첨가하지 않은 돈육 patty(대조구), 적포도주를 1% 첨가한 돈육 patty(RW-1), 적포도주를 3% 첨가한 돈육 patty(RW-3) 및 적포도주를 5% 첨가한 돈육 patty(RW-5)등 네 종류의 돈육 patty를 제조하고, 냉장 중 보수력, 표면색깔, pH, TBARS값, VBN 함량 및 총균수를 측정하였다. 보수력은 냉장 중 현저하게 증가하였으나, 적포도주의 첨가에 의한 영향은 없었다(p<0.05). 돈육 patty의 $L^*,\;a^*$ 및 $b^*$값은 적포도주 첨가에 의하여 낮아졌으며, 냉장 중 감소하는 경향이었다(p<0.05). pH는 냉장 기간이 경과하면서 증가하는 경향이었으며, 적포도주를 3 및 5% 첨가한 돈육 patty가 대조구 및 적포도주 1% 첨가구보다 낮게 나타났다(p<0.05). TBARS값은 냉장 기간이 경과하면서 현저하게 증가하였으며, 적포도주 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 TBARS값은 감소하는 경향이었다(p<0.05). 돈육 patty의 VBN함량은 냉장기간의 경과와 함께 유의하게 증가하였으며, 총균수도 냉장기간에 의하여 증가하였다. 그러나 적포도주의 첨가가 VBN 함량과 총균수의 증가를 억제하는 경향이었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.586-591
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• 2000

본 연구는 친수성 콜로이드의 첨가가 저지방 육제품에 품질에 미치는 영 향을 검토하였다. 생육, 가열육 및 배가열육 patty의 수분함량은 대구조가 낮은 반면 지방함 량은 높았다. 생육 및 재가육의 면도(L값)는 sodium alginate 첨가구가 다른 patty들에 비해 현저하게 낮았고, 황색도(b값)는 대조구가 현저하게 낮았다. 가열육 patty의 수율 및 최종수 율은 친수성 콜로이드 첨가구가 대조구보다 현저하게 높았다. 가열육 patty의 지방 보유율 은 대조구가 91.3%로서 친수성 콜로이드 첨가구보다 낮았으며, 재가열육patty의 자방 보유 율은 모든 patty가 89.7~93.1%사이였다. 가열육 및 재가열육 patty의 경도는 xanthan gum 첨가구가 현저히 낮았으며, 저작성은 대조구, CMC, sodium alginate 및 xanthan gum 순으 로 높았다. 보수력의 경우 친수성 콜로이드를 첨가한 가열육 및 재가열육 patty가 대구조보 다 현저하게 높았다. 관능검사 결과 향, 조직감 및 전체적인 기호성은 patty들 사이에 현저 한 차이가 없었으나, 다습성은 xanthan gum, sodium alginate, CMC 및 대조구 순으로 우수 하였다. 전체적인 결과 지방율 20%첨가한 대조구보다 지방 10% 및 물 10%에 친수성 콜로 이드를 각각 1%씩 물 10%에 친수선 콜로이드를 각각 1%씩 첨가한 patty가 조직적.관능 적 특성이 우수하였다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.617-625
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of reheating methods on the color characteristics of precooked pork patties with various NaCl and phosphate levels. NaCl/phosphate levels for each formulation were as follows; N1 (1% NaCl), N1+P (1% NaCl+0.3% phosphate), N2 (2% NaCl), and N2+P (2% NaCl+0.3% phosphate). The reheating methods used were by electric grill and microwave oven. The surface color of the patties reheated by microwave showed more brown and less-intense red, and the phosphate-treated patties reheated by microwave were more reddish and less brownish. With increased amounts of added NaCl and phosphate, the internal color of patties was more reddish, and the phosphate-treated patties reheated by microwave had more brown than those reheated by electric grill. Among all of the treatments, there were no significant differences in surface color, internal color, and overall appearance. Thus, the color changes in reheated patties were influenced by reheating methods and phosphate.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.817-831
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• 2024

In this study, physicochemical and antioxidant properties, and storage stability (1, 3, and 7 days) of pork patties added with edible insect powders (EIP) of four species (Larvae of Tenenbrio molitor, Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis, Allomyrina dichotoma, and Gryllus bimaculatus) as meat partial substitutes were investigated. Twenty percent of each EIP was added to pork patties, and four treatments were prepared. On the other hand, two control groups were set, one with 0.1 g of ascorbic acid and the other without anything. Adding EIP decreased water content but increased protein, fat, carbohydrate, and ash contents. In addition, the use of EIP increased the water holding capacity and texture properties as well as decreased the cooking loss. However, the sensory evaluation and storage stability were negatively affected by the addition of EIP. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity had a positive effect on storage stability. It is believed that the addition of EIP resulted in high antioxidants due to the presence of polyphenol compounds in EIP. These results indicate that EIP has great potential to be used as meat partial substitute to improve the quality improvement and antioxidant in pork patties. However, in order to improve storage stability and consumer preference, further research is needed to apply it to patties by reducing the amount of EIP or adding auxiliary ingredients.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2010

본 연구는 마늘종과 적양배추를 에탄올로 추출한 후 이화학적 성상, 항산화 및 항균활성을 알아보고, 마늘종과 적양배추 추출물을 돈육패티에 첨가하여 이화학적 특성과 항산화 및 향균효과를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 에탄올로 추출한 각 추출물의 총 페놀 함량은 마늘종 추출물이 3.13 g/100 g 적양배추 추출물이 3.99 g/100 g값을 나타내었다. 각 추출물들의 전자공여능은 마늘종은 47.2-86.6%, 적양배추는 47.4-75.8%의 범위로 나타났고 농도가 증가함에 따라 0-0.05% 범위에서 전자공여능도 증가하는 경향을 보였다. Iron chelating 활성은 추출물 간의 유의적인 차이는 없으나 0.5% 미만의 농도에서는 뚜렷한 활성을 보이지 않았지만 1%농도에서의 chelating 활성은 마늘종 추출물과 적양배추 모두 EDTA와 비슷한 항산화 및 항균활성을 나타내었다. 마늘종과 적양배추 추출물이 첨가된 돈육 패티의 냉장저장중 이화학적 특성을 알아본 결과 명도 및 황색도는 마늘종 첨가구와 적양배추 첨가구에 비해 유의적으로 높았고(p<0.05), 적색도는 적양배추 처리구가 마늘종 첨가구에 비해 높았고 대조구와 유사하였다. TBARS의 값은 마늘종과 적양배추를 첨가한 처리구에서 대조구에 유의적으로 낮았고(p<0.05), 마늘종보다 적양배추에서 뛰어난 항산화력을 나타내었다. 항산화 능력은 적양배추를 첨가한 TRT2(적양배추 0.5%)>TRT3(마늘종 0.25%+적양배추 0.25%)>TRT1(마늘종 0.5%) 순서대로 나타났다. 하지만 마늘종과 적양배추 단독 혹은 복합처리구의 항균 효과는 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 볼 때 마늘종 추출물과 적양배추 추출물 모두 뛰어난 항산화 효과를 나타내며 천연 항산화제로서 기능성 식육가공품에 이용이 가능할 것으로 평가된다.