• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.191-196
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• 2011

연구 목적: 본 연구는 여러 가지 금속-도재 합금의 도재결합강도를 측정하여 임상에 적용하는 것이 적절한지 평가하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 금속도재소부 전장관으로 가장 많이 사용되는 Ni-Cr 합금(Group 1)과 75% 금합금(Group 2) 및 최근 도재금 합금으로 판매되고 있는 52.5% (Group 3), 51.5% (Group 4), 32% (Group 5), 10% 금합금(Group 6)이 시편으로 제작되었다. 시편은 각각 5개씩 제작되었으며, 제작된 시편에 전용 도재를 소성하고 3점 굴곡 시험을 통하여 도재와 각 금속간의 결합강도를 측정하였다. 결과: Group 1의 도재 결합강도가 $40.62{\pm}3.32$ MPa로 다른 실험군의 도재결합 강도에 비해 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 가장 높은 결합강도를 보였고(P<.05), 다음으로 Group 2가 $37.47{\pm}1.57$ MPa, Group 3이 $35.85{\pm}1.48$ MPa, Group 4가 $35.04{\pm}1.34$ MPa, Group 5가 $33.17{\pm}1.62$ MPa, Group 6가 $30.75{\pm}1.21$ MPa 순으로 결합강도가 감소하였다. Group 2, 3, 4 의 도재결합 강도는 Group 6와 통계학적으로 유의성을 보여주고 있으나(Duncan's test, P<.05), Group 3과 4는 Group 5와 서로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(Duncan's test, P>.05). 도재 결합 강도 차이는 금 함량이 높을수록 강도가 높았고, 모든 실험군에서 ISO 9693에서 제시하는 기준치(25 MPa)보다 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 결론: 실험에 포함된 모든 합금들이 임상적으로 사용 가능할 것으로 추정된다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2004

In this study, optical and mechanical properties were investigated with 4 kinds of commercial dental enamels. As a result of EDS analysis $SiO_2,\;Na_{2}O,\;Al_{2}O_3\;and\;K_{2}O$ were the main components of commercial dental enamels. In case of H specimen, content of $SiO_2\;and\;K_2O$ were more than that of another specimens. Starting powder and fired specimens were glass ceramics which were consist of amorphous phase and leucite (crystalline) phase. Crystallization did not occurred during firing process, since the XRD peak intensity was similar between starting powder and fired specimens. As a result of differential thermal analysis, $T_g$ and crystalline temperature was varied with composition in the range of $548\sim576^{\circ}C$ and $735\sim780^{\circ}C$ respectively. 0.5mm thickness dental enamel specimens showed sufficient translucent properties. However, transmittance and reflectance were lower than 5% result from scattering due to the refractive index difference between glass and crystalline phase. 3 point bending strength was in the range of 73.9$\sim$101.8MPa which was similar or slightly higher than enamel of natural teeth and Vickers hardness was higher than enamel of natural teeth more than 100.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.352-359
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 전기성형법을 이용한 금속-도재관의치의 도재소성에 따른 물성변화와 변연간격을 측정하여 변연 적합도에 미치는 영향을 고찰하여 정밀성을 평가하고자 한다. 물성변화와 변연간격을 관찰하기 위하여 물성 관찰시편은 소성 횟수를 고려하여 소성을 0회(HC), 1회(H1), 2회(H2), 3회(H3) 실시한 군으로 분류하였으며, 변연간격 관찰시편은 전용결합재 처리 군(FS), 전용결합재와 opaque 처리 군(FO), 전용 결합재와 opaque와 bady를 처리한 군(FB) 그리고 소성이 없는 군(FC)으로 분류하였다. 물성 관찰시편의 미소경도 관찰결과 대조군(HC)에 비하여 시험군(H1, H2, H3)의 경도가 감소하는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다(p<0.05). 그리고 변연간격 관찰결과 GES 금속-도재관의 제작과정 중 발생하는 도재의 소성 횟수가 변연부에는 영향을 주지 않는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다(p>0.05).본 연구를 종합하여 분석한 결과 소성과정에서 열에 의한 연화열처리 효과로 경도감소가 발생하지만 변연간격에는 영향을 미치지 않은 결과를 얻어 GES 금속-도재관의 제작과정에서 도재소성으로 인한 변연 적합도 변화는 없으며 정밀도에도 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2010

연구 목적: 본 연구의 목적은 전통적인 금속 도재관과 열-가압을 이용한 금속-도재관의 변연 적합도를 비교하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 상악 제1소구치 레진 치아를 교합면 2.0 mm, 협, 설면과 인접면을 1.0 mm 두께로 삭제하였으며, 변연 형태는 chamfer margin으로 그리고 축면 경사는 6도 taper로 삭제하였다. 삭제한 레진치를 복제하여 금속 다이 20개를 제작하였고, 이 금속 다이를 인상 채득하여 작업을 위한 석고 다이를 제작하였다. 금속 도재관과 $PoM^{(R)}$ 시스템 (Ivoclar vivadent., Liechtenstein)의 두 그룹으로 나누어 금속 코핑을 각각 10개씩 총 20개를 제작하였으며, 광학 현미경을 이용하여 변연 간격을 측정하였다. 도재 축성 후, 위와 동일한 방법으로 변연 간격을 측정하였다. 통계 처리는 Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test와 Mann Whitney U test를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 금속 도재관은 코핑 상태 ($64.93{\pm}12.48\;{\mu}m$)와 도재 축성 후 ($63.43{\pm}12.86\;{\mu}m$)의 변연 간격에 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. $PoM^{(R)}$ 시스템은 코핑 상태 ($50.00{\pm}12.28\;{\mu}m$)와도재축성후($56.72{\pm}13.80\;{\mu}m$)의 변연 간격에 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3. 금속 도재관과 $PoM^{(R)}$ 시스템 변연 간격은 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론: $PoM^{(R)}$시스템은 왁스 소결법을 이용해 변화가 적은 기술적인 이점이 있으며, 세밀한 기술을 요구하는 축성 방법과는 대조적으로 왁스 성형으로 도재의 완전한 형태를 만들 수 있는 편리함을 제공하는 장점을 가진다. 본 연구 결과와 이런 장점을 토대로 앞으로 임상적 사용을 고려해 볼 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2000

The reinforced composte resin as the esthetic operative material continuously has been studied because the porcelain fused metal prosthesis is widely used for its excellent esthetics, rigidity and marginal integrity, but it has low fracture resistance against the tensile strength and stress, attrition of the opposite teeth. The reinforced composite resin is well adapt with the dental alloy but it is low the shear bond strength with the dental alloy vs the porcelain fused metal prosthesis, and then has been studied continuously. The purpose of the study was to examine how metal was the higher shear bond strength among the dental alloy was used to the reinforced composite resin and to find the effect that the particle size of sandblasting influenced the shear bond strength. We built up the reinforced composite resin with 4 mm in diameter, 3 mm in height on circular alloy with 5 mm in diameter, 2 mm in height. Type II gold, type IV gold, and Ag-Pd alloy was used as alloys and $50{\mu}m$, $110{\mu}m$, $250{\mu}m$ of the particle size was sandblasted at each alloy in bonding between alloy and resin. We made 90 secimens of 10 per each group and we measured the shear bond strength using the Instron($M100EC^{(R)}$, Mecmesin Co., England). The obtained results were as follows : 1. In comparison among each alloys, Ag-Pd alloy had the highest shear bond strength and the shear bond strength was decreased significantly in the sequence of the type II gold and type IV gold(P<0.001). 2. In comparison according to the size of sandblasting particle, (1) In Ag-Pd alloy, shear bond strength was decreased in the sequence of $110{\mu}m$, $250{\mu}m$, $50{\mu}m$ and there were significant difference in all the group. (P<0.05) (2) In type II gold, it was decreased in the sequence of $250{\mu}m$, $50{\mu}m$, $110{\mu}m$ and there were significant difference. (P<0.05) (3) In type IV gold, it was decreased in the sequence of $110{\mu}m$, $50{\mu}m$, $250{\mu}m$. There were significant difference between the group of $110{\mu}m$ and $50{\mu}m$, the group of $110{\mu}m$ and 250, but there were no significant difference in the group of $50{\mu}m$ and $250{\mu}m$. 3. The highest shear bond strength according to the size of sandblasting particle was $110{\mu}m$ in Ag-Pd alloy and type IV gold, $250{\mu}m$ in type II gold.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.805-814
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• 2007

Statement of problem. Composite resin-veneered metal restorations can be used as an alternative to porcelain-fused-metal restorations. But, because of the relatively low bond strength of veneering composite to metal framework, various surface treatment methods have been introduced to improve the bond strength. Purpose. The object of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of different combinations of each of the two bonding systems and each of the two composite veneering resins to cp-Ti/Co-Cr alloy. Material and methods. Two resin bonding systems (metal conditioner containing MEPS monomer, tribochemical silicoating system) and two composite resins (Gradia, Sinfony) were tested on cp-Ti and Co-Cr alloy. Then, according to manufacturers' instructions, resin bonding systems and composite resins were applied. All test specimens were divided into four groups for each alloy; I) sandblast + Metal Primer II + Gradia (MG), II) sandblast + Metal Primer II + Sinfony (MS), III) Rocatec + Gradia (RG), IV) Rocatec + Sinfony (RS). The shear bond strength was determined using a universal testing machine and all data were statistically analyzed with Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test at the significance level of 0.05. Results. The mean (standard deviations) of shear bond strength according to the combinations of two bonding systems and two composite resins to cp-Ti arranged from 16.44 MPa to 17.07 MPa and the shear bond strength to Co-Cr alloy ranged from 16.26 MPa to 17.70 MPa. The result shows that the difference were not statistically significant. Conclusion. The shear bond strengths of composite resins to both cast cp-Ti and Co-Cr alloy were not significantly different between the metal conditioner and the tribochemical silicoating system. And no differences in bond strength were found between cp-Ti and Co-Cr alloy.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.145-154
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• 1985

To study the effect of the vent and dense surface of the phophate-bonded investment on the castability of a non-precious alloy used in PFM restoration, one-ended polypropylene straw patterns of 0.15mm thick, 5mm radius. 10mm-high were cast with Vera Bond. The following results were obtained. 1. Thin patterns could be cast completely with a non-precious alloy. 2. No difference in the castability was found among the patterns with vent, chill vent and with out vent. 3. Dense surface of the phosphate-bonded investment had no effect on the cast ability of a nonprecious alloy.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 1980

이와 같은 세 기술은 많은 도재용착주조관의 수리에 이용된다고 할 수 있고 이런 기술은 완전한 보철물을 다시 만들지 않고 연장된 도재용착주조관의 수리에 적용할 수 있는 것이다. 금속덮개(over casting)와 핀에서 유지를 얻는 금속 전장판에 의한 수리의 성공은 다시 제작한 도재용착주조관의 그것과 비교할 만하다. 그러나 도재에 합성수지(composite resin)를 결합시켜 수리하는 방법은 합성수지(composite resin)가 도재보다 잘 닳을 뿐만 아니라 색깔의 안정성도 좋지 않으며 도재가 금속판에 용착될 때 창조되는 결합력보다 silance bonding agent를 사용하여 창조되는 결합력 즉 화학적 결합(chemical bond)이 약하기 때문에 좋다고 할 수는 없다. 그러므로 silance bond repair에 관한 연구는 앞으로도 여러분들과 함께 더욱 더 연구할 과제가 아닌가 생각되는 바입니다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.555-558
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• 2014

Focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH) is a human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced alteration of the oral mucosa that presents with a clinically distinct appearance. While other HPV-infected lesions such as squamous papilloma, verruca vulgaris, and condyloma acuminatum involve the skin, oral mucosa, and genital mucosa, FEH occurs only in the oral mucosa. The affected oral mucosa exhibits multiple papules and nodules with each papule/nodule being flat-topped or sessile. The affected region resembles the normal color of oral mucosa rather than appearing as a white color since the epithelial surface is not hyperkeratinized. Almost all cases present with multiple sites of occurrence. This rare, benign epithelial proliferation is related to low-risk HPV, especially HPV-13 and -32, and is not transformed into carcinoma. We report a case of FEH that arose on the attached gingiva of an East Asian male adult related to prosthesis without detection of any HPV subtype in HPV DNA chip and sequencing.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.601-610
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• 2007

Statement of problem: The adhesion between titanium and ceramic is less optimal than conventional metal-ceramic bonding, due to reaction layer form on cast titanium surface during porcelain firing. Purpose: This study characterized the effect of titanium-ceramic adhesion after gold and TiN coating on cast and wrought titanium substrates. Material and method: Six groups of ASTM grade II commercially pure titanium and cast titanium specimens$(13mm{\times}13mm{\times}1mm)$ were prepared(n=8). The conventional Au-Pd-In alloy served as the control. All specimens were sandblasted with $110{\mu}m\;Al_2O_3$ particles and ultrasonically cleaned for 5min in deionized water and dried in air before porcelain firing. An ultra-low-fusing dental porcelain (Vita Titankeramik) was fused on titanium surfaces. Porcelain was debonded by a biaxial flexure test at a cross head speed of 0.25mm/min. The excellent titanium-ceramic adherence was exhibited by the presence of a dentin porcelain layer on the specimen surface after the biaxial flexure test. Area fraction of adherent porcelain (AFAP) was determined by SEM/EDS. Numerical results were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls test at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: The AFAP value of cast titanium was greatest in the group 2 with TiN coating, followed by group 1 with Au coating and the group 3 with $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting. Significant statistical difference was found between the group 1, 2 and the group 3 (p<.05). The AFAP value of wrought titanium was greatest in the group 5 with TiN coating, followed by the group 4 with Au coating and the group 6 with $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting. Conclusion: No significant difference was observed among the three groups (p>.05). The AFAP values of the cast titanium and the wrought titanium were similar. However the group treated with $Al_2O_3$ sandblasting showed significantly lower value (p<.05).