• Title/Summary/Keyword: Population pharmacokinetic

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Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin in Appendicitis Patients (충수돌기염 환자에서 겐타마이신의 임상약물동태)

  • Cho Jun-Shik;Jung HaeGwang;Burm Jin Pil;Lee JinHwan;Kim SungHwan
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 1995

  • The purpose of this investigation was to determine pharmacokinetic parameters of gentamicin using linear least square regression(LLSR) and Bayesian analysis in Korean normal volunteers and appendicitis patients. Nonparametric expected maximum(NPEM) algorithm for population pharmacokinetic parameters was used. Gentamicin was administered every 8 hours for 3 days by infusion over 30 minutes. The volume of distribution(V) and elimination rate constant(K) of gentamicin were $0.215\pm0.0562,\;0.226\pm0.0325L/kg\;and\;0.339\pm0.0443,\;0.357\pm0.0243hr^{-1}$ for normal volunteers and appendicitis patients using LLSR analysis. Population pharmacokinetic parameters, VS and KS were $0.228\pm0.0614L/kg\;and\;0.00356\pm0.00041(hr{\cdot}mL/min/1.73m^2)^{-1}$ for appendicitis patients using NPEM algorithm. The V and K were $0.232\pm0.0568L/kg\;and\;0.337\pm0.0385hr^{-1}$ for appendicitis patients using Bayesian analysis. There were no differences in gentamicin pharmacokinetics between LLSR and Bayesian analysis.

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Pharmacokinetic Study of Matrine in SD-rat after Oral Administration of KIOM-MA128 (SD-rat에 KIOM-MA128을 경구 투여 한 후 혈장 중 Matrine의 약물 동태)

  • Lee, Jae-yeon;Back, Hyun-moon;Song, Byungjeong;Chae, Jung-woo;Jung, Seong Mee;Pradhan, Sudeep;Yun, Hwi-yeol;Kwon, Kwang-il
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.59 no.3
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    • pp.92-97
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    • 2015

  • KIOM-MA128 is a novel Korean herbal medicine with anti-atopic, anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic effects. This article presents the first pharmacokinetic study on KIOM-MA128. The purpose of this study was to characterize a pharmacokinetic characteristic of matrine, a potential marker of KIOM-MA128, in rats using population pharmacokinetic model. 1, 2 and 8 g/kg of KIOM-MA128 were administered to rats orally and plasma concentrations of matrine was determined by HPLC-MS/MS. Non-compartmental analysis (NCA) was performed using Phoenix$^{(R)}$ and pharmacokinetic model was built using NONMEM$^{(R)}$. This model was validated with internal validation which is visual predictive check (VPC) and bootstrap. The NCA result of matrine showed that $C_{max}$ was 294.24, 552.22 and 868.65 ng/ml, $AUC_{inf}$ was 1273.05, 2724.76 and $9743.25ng{\cdot}hr/ml$ and $T_{max}$ was 1, 1.3 and 2.3 hr for the doses of 1, 2, and 8 g/kg, respectively. The rat plasma concentrations were described very well with one-compartment model. Pharmacokinetic model for matrine was successfully developed and evaluated. Finally, our model is helpful to understand pharmacokinetic characteristic of KIOM-MA128.

  • https://doi.org/10.17480/psk.2015.59.3.92 인용 PDF KSCI

Comparison of Analytical Methods of Tacrolimus in Plasma and Population Pharmacokinetics in Liver Transplant Recipients (Tacrolimus의 혈중농도측정법 비교 및 간이식환자에서의 집단 약동학)

  • Kim, Eun-Young;Kang, Won-Ku;Gwak, Hye-Sun
    • Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.60-67
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    • 2008

  • This study aimed to compare a microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) with a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) technique for the measurement of tacrolimus concentrations in adult liver transplant recipients, to investigate how the assay choice influenced the population pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus and to identify patient characteristics that affected pharmacokinetic parameters in each assay. Tacrolimus concentrations from 29 liver (n=52 paired-samples) transplant recipients measured by both MEIA and LC/MS/MS were used to evaluate the performance of these methods in the clinical setting. Tacrolimus pharmacokinetics was studied independently using MEIA and LC/MS/MS data in 70 adult patients using a population approach performed with NONMEM. Patient characteristics which influenced pharmacokinetic parameters in each assay were compared. The relation between LC/MS/MS and MEIA measurements was best described by the regression equation MEIA=1.465*LC/MS/MS-1.336 (r=0.91). Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant inverse relationships between assay difference and hematocrit (Hct) (p<0.025) in liver graft recipients. In MEIA, the population estimate of tacrolimus CL/F and apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F) were found to be 10.1 L/h and 226 L, and in LC/MS/MS, 13 L/h and 305 L respectively. Neither patient's age, weight, gender, grafted hepatic weight, albumin concentration, nor markers of liver function influenced tacrolimus CL/F The final model of CL/F was found to be 10.1+(Hct/Hct mean)$^{12.0}$ in MEIA and 13+(1+Hct/578) in LC/MS/MS indicating that CL/F was influenced by hematocrit.

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