• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.1684-1691
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• 2015

흡수식 냉동기의 고효율화와 소형화를 위해서는 고성능 전열관의 연구가 필수적이다. 하지만 재생기용 전열관에 대한 연구는 많이 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 만액식 재생기용 전열관의 성능을 파악하기 위한 기초연구로, 형상이 다른 7종의 전열관에 대해 풀비등 실험을 수행하고 비등열전달계수를 도출하였다. 실험은 압력 7.38~101.3 kPa, 열유속 $20{\sim}40kW/m^2$의 범위에서 수행되었다. 실험결과 모든 전열관에서 압력이 증가하고 열유속이 증가할수록 비등열전달계수 값은 증가하였다. 대기압 조건에서는 notched fin 관과 low fin 관이 높은 비등열전달계수를 나타내었고(열전달계수가 가장 낮은 19.0 mm O.D. 평활관의 225% 와 202%), 압력이 낮아질수록 low fin 관이 다른 전열관에 비해 현저히 높은 비등열전달계수를 나타내었다 (12.34와 7.38 kPa에서 19.0 mm O.D. 평활관의 290%와 288%).

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.685-692
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• 1991

The pool boiling behavior of a heated surface has been investigated experimentally, focusing on the cases when only a part of the contact surface is heated. Characteristic boiling curves are obtained with circular metal surface test pieces heated below while immersed in Refrigerant-113. Locally heated test pieces are fabricated by inserting a heating block at the center inside a larger conducting block. Overall heat transfer rates are measured while the experimental conditions are systematically varied. The local temperature profiles along the radius are measured for conducting blocks. It is found that the conjugated boiling condition exists and the total heat fluxes should be correlated to a suitably defined temperature difference.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.860-869
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• 2005

Local pool boiling on the outside and inside surfaces of a 51 mm diameter tube in horizontal direction has been studied experimentally in saturated water at atmospheric pressure. Much variation in local heat transfer coefficients was observed along the tube periphery. On the outside surface the maximum and the minimum are observed at ${\theta}=45^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$, respectively. However, on the inside surface only the minimum was observed at ${\theta}=0^{\circ}$. Major mechanisms on the outside surface are liquid agitation and bubble coalescence while those on the inside surface are micro layer evaporation and liquid agitation. As the heat flux increases liquid agitation gets effective both on outside and inside surfaces. The local coefficients measured at ${\theta}=90^{\circ}$ can be recommended as the representative values of both outside and inside surfaces.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.1406-1415
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• 1996

Several recent studies have revealed that boiling heat transfer may be considerably enhanced in a narrow restricted region. In his study, the narrow restricted region was formed by attaching a perforated plate on top of a boiling surface. Through systematic experiments, effects of the hole size, hole pattern, gap width between the perforated plate and the boiling surface were investigated using water or R-113. Results show that perforated plates considerably enhance the boiling of water or R-113. For water, especially, they have outperformed commercial enhanced tubes, which confirms that boiling enhancement mechanism of the perforated plate (thin film evaporation beneath the elongated bubble) is very effective to the boiling of high surface tension liquids such as water. Optimum configuration was found - 3.0 mm hole diameter, 15 mm * 15 mm hole pattern, 0.3 ~ 0.5 mm gap width for water, and 2.0 mm hole diameter, 3.5 mm * 3.5 mm hole pattern, O.5 mm gap width for R-113. A correlation which correlates most of the data within .+-. 30% was also developed.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2014

수평에 가깝게 설치된 튜브 원주면에 대해 평균 열전달계수를 결정하기 위한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 실험을 위하여 대기압 상태하의 물속에 잠긴 50.8 mm의 스테인리스강 튜브를 사용하였다. 과냉 및 포화 풀비등 조건을 모두 고려하였으며, 튜브 경사각은 수평으로부터 $9^{\circ}$까지 $3^{\circ}$ 간격으로 변경하였다. 포화상태에서는 튜브의 최하부로부터의 방위각이 $90^{\circ}$인 위치에서 측정한 국소비등열전달계수가 평균값으로 취급될 수 있으며, 이러한 경향은 튜브 경사각과는 무관함을 확인하였다. 그러나 물이 과냉상태인 경우, 평균 열전달계수의 위치는 경사각과 열유속에 의존한다. 열전달을 변화시키는 주된 열전달 기구는 액체교란 강도 및 기포군집에 의한 큰 기포 덩어리의 형성과 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 설명된다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.955-963
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• 2006

Nucleate pool boiling heat transfer coefficients (HTCs) were measured with one nonazeotropic mixture of Propane/Isobutane and two azeotropic mixtures of HFC134a/Isobutane and Propane/HFC134a. All data were taken at the liquid pool temperature of $7^{\circ}C$ on a horizontal plain tube with heat fluxes of $10kW/m^2\;to\;80kW/m^2$ with an interval of $10kW/m^2$ in the decreasing order of heat flux. The measurements were made through electrical heating by a cartridge heater. The nonazeotropic mixture of Propane/Isobutane showed a reduction of HTCs as much as 41% from the ideal values. The azeotropic mixtures of HFC134a/Isobutane and Propane/HFC134a showed a reduction of HTCs as much as 44% from the ideal values at compositions other than azeotropic compositions. At azeotropic compositions, however, the HTCs were even higher than the ideal values due to the increase in the vapor pressure. For all mixtures, the reduction in heat transfer was greater with a larger gliding temperature difference. Stephan and $K{\ddot{o}}rner's$ and Jung et al's correlations predicted the HTCs of mixtures with a mean deviation of 11%. The largest mean deviation occurred at the azeotropic compositions of HFC134a/Isobutane and Propane/HFC134a.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.530-537
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• 2020

This study investigates the effect of an included angle and heat flux on heat transfer of V-shape tube array having a horizontal upper tube. The test uses two stainless steel tubes with a smooth surface submerged under the water at atmospheric pressure. The angle varies from 2° to 24°. The heat transfer coefficient gets decreasing in consequence as the angle increases. The enhancement due to the lower tube is distinct as the heat flux is lower than 60 kW/㎡, where the effect of the convective flow is dominant. The present study and the published results show a similar tendency. Although the heat transfer coefficient for the present study is smaller than the symmetry case, enhanced heat transfer is observed compared to the tube array having a lower horizontal tube as the included angle is less than 10°.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.124-131
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• 2000

In this study, pool boiling performance of Turbo/B-type metal-formed tubes was investigated. Tubes with three different cavity gap width(0.04 mm, 0.07 mm, 0.1 mm) were manufactured and tested using R-11, R-123 and R-134a. Tests were conducted at two different saturation temperatures $4.4^{\circ}C$ and $26.7^{\circ}C.$ Heat flux was varied from 10 kW/m2 to 50 kW/m2. It was found that optimum gap width varied for different refrigerants. For low-pressure refrigerants such as R-11 or R-123, optimum gap width was 0.07 mm. For high-pressure refrigerant R-134a, however, the optimum value was 0.1 mm. Compared with the heat transfer performance of the smooth tube, the metal-formed tubes enhanced the heat transfer coefficients significantly - 6.5 times for R-11, 6.0 times for R-123 and 5.0 times for R-134a (at $4.4^{\circ}C$ saturation temperature and 40 kW/m2 heat flux), which are comparable with the performance of foreign products. The heat transfer coefficients of R-134a were larger than those of R-11 or R-123, and they increased as the saturation temperature increased.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.411-422
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• 1998

In this study, experiments were carried out to provide nucleate pool boiling heat transfer data for a plain tube and 4 different low fin tubes employing 2 refrigerant mixtures of R410A, R407C, and 12 pure fluids. Low fin tubes were machined on a 19.05mm nominal outside diameter copper block according to the manufacturer's low fin tube specifications. Cartridge heaters were used to generate uniform heat flux on the tubes. For all refrigerants, heat flux varied from 10㎾/$\m^2$ to 80㎾/$\m^2$. It is found that heat transfer coefficients(HTCs) of high vapor pressure refrigerants are usually higher than those of low pressure fluids. On the other hand, the fin effect was more prominent with low pressure refrigerants than with high pressure ones. Optimum fin density as well as the increase in heat transfer coefficient with the increase in fin density were found to be strongly fluid dependent. HTCs of Rl23, a low pressure alternative refrigerant, were similar to those of Rll while HTCs of R134a, an intermediate pressure alternative refrigerant, were roughly 20% higher than those of Rl2. Finally, HTCs of R32, R125, R143a, and R410A were all higher than those of R22 by 30~50%.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.932-940
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• 2016

Pool boiling heat transfer of water saturated at atmospheric pressure was investigated experimentally on Cu surfaces with high-temperature, thermally-conductive, microporous coatings (HTCMC). The coatings were created by sintering Cu powders on Cu surfaces in a nitrogen gas environment. A parametric study of the effects of particle size and coating thickness was conducted using three average particle sizes (APSs) of $10{\mu}m$, $25{\mu}m$, and $67{\mu}m$ and various coating thicknesses. It was found that nucleate boiling heat transfer (NBHT) and critical heat flux (CHF) were enhanced significantly for sintered microporous coatings. This is believed to have resulted from the random porous structures that appear to include reentrant type cavities. The maximum NBHT coefficient was measured to be approximately $400kW/m^2k$ with APS $67{\mu}m$ and $296{\mu}m$ coating thicknesses. This value is approximately eight times higher than that of a plain Cu surface. The maximum CHF observed was $2.1MW/m^2$ at APS $67{\mu}m$ and $428{\mu}m$ coating thicknesses, which is approximately double the CHF of a plain Cu surface. The enhancement of NBHT and CHF appeared to increase as the particle size increased in the tested range. However, two larger particle sizes ($25{\mu}m$ and $67{\mu}m$) showed a similar level of enhancement.