• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 1980

To investigate constituents of Russula pseudodelica Lange and Microporus affinis(Blume et Nees) Kuntze, quantitative analyses of free and total amino acids were carried out with G. L.C. and an amino acid autoanalyzer. Polysaccharides of the two mushrooms were extracted with hot water and the filtrate was concentrated. The addition of three volumes of ethanol to the concentrate formed precipitation of crude polysaccharides which were analyzed by G.L.C. and H.P.L.C. Sixteen amino acids and four monosaccharides were identified in the protein-bound poly­saccharides of the two mushrooms. The polysaccharides of M. affinis showed antineoplastic activity against sarcoma 180 implanted in mice.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.157-167
• /
• 1978

Atherosclerosis is associated with the presence of extracellular lipid droplets and large fatty deposits, both of which are to be covered at the surface mainly by zwitterionic phospholipids. The development of atherosclerosis is often associated with the accumulation of calcium. Furthermore, the presence of glycosaminoglycans directly underlying fatty deposits in human aorta has been demonstrated. Also, the possible involvement of the interaction between sulfated polysaccharide and lipoprotein in the development of atherosclerosis has been suggested in view of the presence of both low density lipoproteins and glycosaminoglycans, as well as their complexes, in atherosclerotic aortas. Therefore interactions of sulfated polysaccharides with low density lipoproteins which serve as a vehicle for cholesterol and cholesterol ester and with zwitterionic phospholipids have been studied extensively by a number of workers to provide mechanisms. In this paper, the mechanism of the interaction of sulfated polysaccharides with low density lipoproteins and the mechanism of the interaction between sulfated polysaccharides and zwitterionic phospholipids are reviewed. The possibility of the occurence of these interactions in the body are also considered.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제43권4호
• /
• pp.423-428
• /
• 1999

Two polysaccharides, ACP-UMP and ACP-ULF, were purified from the aerial part of Artemisia capillaris by anion-exchange chromatography, ultrafiltration, and gel filtration chromatography. The polysaccharides appeared to be homogenious from the results of HPLC. The molecular weights of ACP-UMF and ACP-ULF were estimated to be 16305.92 D and 3292.26 D, respectively, by MALDI-TOF MS. The sugar compositions were determined by GC to be arabinose 10.05%, xylose 1.67%, mannose 5.45G, galactose 39.06%, glucose 15.43% for ACP-UMF and arabinose 11.60%, xylose 11.15%, mannose 6.37% galactose 32.47%, glucose 18.35% for ACP-ULF. A polysaccharide, SP-M was determined to be 2462.52 D by MALDI-TOF MS. SP-M consisted mainly of rhamnose 36.49%, arabinose 29.00%, and glucose 19.38%. Incubation of CCl4-intoxicated hepatocytes with ACP-UMF reduced the levels of glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) to 62.8% and 23.8%. ACP-ULF also reduced the levels of GPT and MDA to 46.1% and 38.1% and 26.3%, respectively.

• 대한치과의사협회지
• /
• 제9권12호
• /
• pp.812-818
• /
• 1971

The present investigation describes the chemical nature of purified extracellular polysaccharides synthesized by tow resembling streptococci, Streptococcus salivarius strain SD-1 and Streptococcus mitis strain SD-9, which was isolated from human dental plaque, with the following results. 1. Extracellular polysaccharide by Streptoccus salivarius strain SD-1 is recovered mostly in Fraction I-and II-45% of the presne purification procedure, leaving trace amount in Fraction I-and II-70%. 2. The dextran is the major polysaccharides in Fraction I-and II-45% of both strains with minor amounts of levan. 3. The Fraction I-and II-45% of both strains contain glucose and fructose, which its 70% of the same fractions glucose only. 4. It appears that the glycerol was the major end product of the Smith degradation of the Fraction I-45% of both strains.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.126-130
• /
• 1994

Water-soluble pectins isolated from Trichosanthes Rhizoma and Taraxii Herba and their deproteinized polysaccharides were purified through DEAE cellulose column and were applied to immunopotentiating and antitumor studies to clarify the nature of their activities of our previous reports. As the results of works, the lectins and deproteinized polysaccharides increased the number of circulating leukocytes and total peritoneal cells. And they markedly elevated the lowered production of antibody and reactivity of T Iymphocyte in tumor-bearing mice, which were rapidly recovered by discontinuance of sample treatments. They also decreased the growth of Sarcoma 180 solid tumor in mice.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.1153-1158
• /
• 1999

β-Cyclodextrin, amylose, and cellulose were partially methylated and acetylated in order to examine the relative reactivities of 2-, 3-, and 6-OH groups to alkylation and acylation. The partially methylated samples of the polysaccharides were treated with excess of ethyl iodide and sodium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide to convert all of the free hydroxyl groups to ethyl ether groups. The partially O-ethylated and O-methylated polysaccharides were reductively cleaved with triethylsilane in the presence of trimethylsilyl methanesulfonate and borontrifluoride etherate (5 : 1 by mole) and the resulting 4-OH group was acetylated and benzoylated to form mixtures of eight 4-O-acyl-1,5-anhydroalditols. The relative ratio of the alditol esters were analyzed by gas chromatography to determine the degree of substitution at each position. A similar sequence of reactions was carried out with partially acetylated polysaccharides. The results indicated that the order of relative reactivities for methylation are 2-OH > 6-OH > 3-OH and for acylation are 6-OH > 2-OH > 3-OH regardless of the anomeric configuration.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
• /
• pp.163.3-163.3
• /
• 2003

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Family Araliaceae) was treated at low ($60^{\circ}C$, LT), mild ($100^{\circ}C$, MT) and high ($120^{\circ}C$, HT) temperatures, some components (panaxytriol, ginsenosides and polysaccharides) were isolated, and their inhibitory effects on growth, infection and VacA vacuolation of Helicobacter pylori (HP) were investigated. The molecular weights of polysaccharides were decreased according to the increasing processed temperature. Ginseng polysaccharides inhibited the HP infection into KATO III cells, but did not inhibit HP growth and VacA vacuolation of HeLa cells. (omitted)

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.236-243
• /
• 2012

Pleurotus nebrodensis is an edible and commercially available mushroom in Korea. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the anticancer and immunopotentiating activities of crude polysaccharides, extracted in methanol, neutral saline, and hot water (hereafter referred to as Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW, respectively) from the fruiting bodies of P. nebrodensis. ${\beta}$-Glucan and protein contents in Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW extracts of P. nebrodensis ranged from 23.79~36.63 g/100 g and 4.45~6.12 g/100 g, respectively. Crude polysaccharides were not cytotoxic against sarcoma 180, HT-29, NIH3T3, and RAW 264.7 cell lines at a range of $10{\sim}2,000{\mu}g/mL$. Intraperitoneal injection with crude polysaccharides resulted in a life prolongation effect of 11.76~27.06% in mice previously inoculated with sarcoma 180. Treatment with Fr. NaCl resulted in an increase in the numbers of spleen cells by 1.49 fold at the concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$, compared with control. Fr. HW improved the immuno-potentiating activity of B lymphocytes through an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity by 1.65 fold, compared with control at $200{\mu}g/mL$. Maximum production of nitric oxide ($14.3{\mu}M$) was recorded in the Fr. NaCl fraction at $200{\mu}g/mL$. Production of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly higher, compared to control, and IL-6 production was highest, in contrast to TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, and positive control, concanavalin at the tested concentration of the various fractions. Results of the current study suggest that polysaccharides extracted from P. nebrodensis have a strong anticancer effect and may be useful as an ingredient of biopharmaceutical products for treatment of cancer.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2012

This study was initiated in order to investigate the anticancer and immunomodulating activities of crude polysaccharides extracted in methanol, neutral saline, and hot water (hereinafter referred to as Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW, respectively) from the fruiting bodies of Panellus serotinus. Content of ${\beta}$-glucan and protein in Fr. MeOH, Fr. NaCl, and Fr. HW extracts of P. serotinus ranged from 22.92~28.52 g/100 g and 3.24~3.68 g/100 g, respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity tests, none of the various fractions of crude polysaccharides were cytotoxic against sarcoma 180, HT-29, NIH3T3, and RAW 264.7 cell lines at the tested concentration. Intraperitoneal injection with crude polysaccharides resulted in a life prolongation effect of 23.53~44.71% in mice previously inoculated with sarcoma 180. Treatment with Fr. HW resulted in an increase in the numbers of spleen cells by 1.3 fold at the concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$ compared with control. Treatment with Fr. NaCl resulted in improvement of the immuno-potentiating activity of B lymphocytes by increasing the alkaline phosphatase activity by 1.4 fold, compared with control, at the concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$. Among the three fractions, maximum nitric oxide ($13.48{\mu}M$) was recorded at $500{\mu}g/mL$ in Fr. HW. Production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, and interleukin-6 was significantly higher, compared to the positive control, concanavalin A, at the tested concentration. Therefore, treatment with crude polysaccharides extracted from the fruiting body of P. serotinus could result in improvement of antitumor activity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.140-146
• /
• 1999

청각(1.2 kg)을 0.8% 염산 수용액(24 l)으로 추출한 추출물을 메탄올 환류, 에탄올 침전 및 투석하여 활성이 약 2배 증가된 조다당(CF-1)으로부터 2종의 항응고활성 다당류를 정제하였다. 정제는 CF-1의 DEAE-Toyopearl이온교환 크로마토그래피와 Sephadex G-75, Sephadex G-100, Sepharose CL-6B 겔여과 크로마토그래피, HPLC 등을 이용하였다. 최종 정제 다당류획분인 CF-1-VIa-1과 CF-1-VIIa-1는 분자량이 각각 80,000과 40,000 Da 이었으며, 주구성당으로서 arabinose와 galactose가 약 2:1의 몰비율로 풍부하게 함유되어 있었고, 구성당 잔기에 $12{\sim}13%$의 유황을 함유하는 함황성 다당류들이었다. CF-1-VIa-1와 CF-1-VIIa-1의 항응고활성을 $2.5\;{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 비교하였을 때 APTT활성은 대조군에 비하여 각각 262초, 250초이었고 TT활성은 각각 130초, 70초이었으며, 분자량이 큰 CF-1-VIa-1이 다소 높은 항응고활성을 보였다. CF-1-VIa-1와 CF-1-VIIa-1의 desulfation과 sulfation을 통한 항응고활성을 비교한 결과 desulfation시 항응고활성이 각각 약 80%와 50%로 감소하였으나 sulfation시에는 약 30%와 20%로 그 활성이 증가하였다. 두 다당류는 헤파린과 달리 농도 의존적으로 불용성 피브린의 형성을 억제하므로써 antithrombin III 비의존적 트롬빈 저해활성을 나타내었으며, 칼슘이온의 킬레이트에 의한 혈액응고 저해효과는 나타내지 않았다.