• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to produce resin prosthetics using a dental automatic barrel finishing. Surface roughness and surface topography of resins were observed according to the grinding time of the dental automatic barrel finishing. Methods: This study was performed with thermopolymer, autopolymer, and photopolymer resins. The dimensions of the specimen were 10×10×2 mm. Each specimen was polymerized according to the manufacturer's instructions. The polymerized resin was honed for 30 minutes at 5-min intervals in a dental automatic barrel finishing. The specimen was observed using a three-dimensional (3D) optical microscope, and the surface roughness was measured. Results: After the polishing with the dental automatic barrel finishing, the heat-cured (HC) specimen showed the highest and lowest values of Ra after 10 and 15 minutes, respectively. The self-cured (SC) specimen showed the highest and lowest values of Ra after 10 and 25 minutes, respectively. Finally, the 3D specimen showed the highest and lowest values of Ra after 5 and 20 minutes, respectively. Conclusion: After measuring the surface roughness of the three types of resins according to the grinding time of the dental automatic barrel finishing, the lowest Ra values for the HC, SC, and 3D specimens were measured after 15, 25, and 20 minutes, respectively. Therefore, we concluded that a limit on the grinding time of the resin using a dental automatic barrel finishing is needed.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to produce resin prosthetics using a dental barrel finishing machine. For dental resin grinding, the ingredients of the barrel finishing media were analyzed, and surface residues of the resin were observed. Methods: Two types of barrel finishing media for dental resin grinding were tested. Specimens were made from thermal polymerized, auto polymerized, and photopolymerized resins. Finishing media were analyzed through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) component analysis and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) component analysis. Then, the prepared specimen was barrel finished for 25 minutes using two types of barrel finishing media, and scanning electron microscope was photographed to observe the surface residues. Results: As a result of EDS component analysis, both types of finishing media were analyzed for the components of C, O, Zr and Al elements, and industry media (IM) was further analyzed for the components of Si and Mg elements. In the ICP-OES component analysis, Cd and As, which are harmful elements, were detected in IM, and no harmful elements were detected in manufacturing media (MM). Because of observation of surface residues, no residues were observed in the three types of resin specimens that were barrel finished with two types of finishing media. Conclusion: Surface residue wasn't observed on the specimens polished using two types of finishing media. However, in IM, Cd and As, which are harmful elements, were detected, making it inappropriate for clinical use. In MM, harmful elements were not detected; therefore, clinical use will be possible.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2004년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.687-690
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• 2004

The preparation of A1203-SiO2 thin films from less than one micron to several tens of microns in thickness had been Prepared from metal alkoxide sols. Two methods, dip-withdrawal and electrophoretic deposition, were employed for thin films and sheets formation. The requirements to be satisfied by the solution for preparing uniform and strong films and by the factors affecting thickness and other properties of the films were examined. For the preparation of thin, continuous A12O3-SiO2 films, therefore, metal-organic-derived precursor solutions contained Si and Al in a chemically polymerized form has been developed and produced in a clear liquid state.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.707-712
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• 1996

Growth and changes of electronically conducting polypyrrole (PPy) in the form of thin films polymerized on metal electrodes were investigated by electrochemical and in situ three-parameter ellipsometry methods at the wavelength of 632.8 nm. Although the optical equations produced multiple sets of solution, it was possible to determine a unique set of thickness and the optical constants of a film by auxiliary measurements and/or physical reasoning. The changes in the thickness and the optical properties of the polymers during polymerization and electrochemical oxidation/reduction was successfully followed by the three-parameter ellipsometric technique. The optical properties of the polymers continuously changed as the film grew. The imaginary part of the refractive index of polypyrrole seemed to be dominantly determined by the existence of an absorption band around the visible range.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2011

Oxygen sensitive functional particles(OSParticle) were fabricated by three different methods for using the particles as oxygen sensors and PIV tracers. The used methods were a physical coating method, an ion-exchange method and a dispersion polymerization method. The physical coating method is dipping $SiO_2$ hollow particles into dye solution then drying. This method is very simple, but particles are not uniform in diameter and luminescence. The particles fabricated by the ion-exchange method have very uniform diameter and well doped. However, it can not be used in water since the particles are hydrophobic. In case of the dispersion polymerization method, the diameter of OSParticles is quite uniform. The diameter of OSParticles can be changed by controlling the quantity of AIBN (2,2'-azobis isobutyronitrile). For the purpose of dissolved oxygen concentration measurement in micro scale water flows, the dispersion polymerized OSParticles turn out to be the most superior functional particles. The luminescent intensity of OSParticles was tested with the variation of dissolved oxygen concentration in water samples. As a result, the luminescent intensity of OSParticles is monotonically decreased with increasing DO (Dissolved oxygen) concentration of water.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.333-341
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of indirect composite resins with different polymerization conditions. Methods: Ten specimens ($2mm{\times}2mm{\times}25mm$) of each composite resins (Tescera (T), Gradia (S) and Sinfony (S)) were fabricated by two polymerization methods : manufacturers's and light heat pressure. Composite resins polymerized by manufacturers's method and light heat pressure served as control (TS, GS and SS) and experimental groups (TE, GE and SE), respectively. The composite resins were tested for flexural strength and the surface of composite resins were observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) under X1,000 magnification. Results: The flexural strength values of cured composite resin decreased in the following order: TE (195.4MPa), TS (179.8MPa), GE (169.9MPa), SE (137.7MPa), SS (111.1MPa) and GS (100.9MPa) groups. Conclusion: The flexural strength values between the control and the experimental groups were not significantly different although experimental groups showed higher flexural strength values than control groups.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.45-55
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• 2022

PURPOSE. This in vitro study investigates the effect of different post-rinsing times and methods on the trueness and precision of denture base resin manufactured through stereolithography. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Ninety clear photopolymer resin specimens were fabricated and divided into nine groups (n = 10) based on rinsing times and methods. All specimens were rinsed with 99% isopropanol alcohol for 5, 10, and 15 min using three methods-automated, ultrasonic cleaning, and hand washing. The specimens were polymerized for 30 min at 40℃. For trueness, the scanned intaglio surface of each SLA denture base was superimposed on the original standard tessellation language (STL) file using best-fit alignment (n = 10). For precision, the scanned intaglio surface of the STL file in each specimen group was superimposed across each specimen (n = 45). The root mean square error (RMSE) was measured, and the data were analyzed statistically through one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (α < .05). RESULTS. The 10-min automated group exhibited the lowest RMSE. For trueness, this was significantly different from specimens in the 5-min hand-washed group (P < .05). For precision, this was significantly different from those of other groups (P < .05), except for the 15-min automated and 15-min ultrasonic groups. The color map results indicated that the 10-min automated method exhibited the most uniform distribution of the intaglio surface adaptation. CONCLUSION. The optimal postprocessing rinsing times and methods for achieving clear photopolymer resin were found to be the automated method with rinsing times of 10 and 15 min, and the ultrasonic method with a rinsing time of 15 min.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권4_2호
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• pp.561-570
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• 2023

This study was to evaluate the effect of different rinsing times and methods on the accuracy of temporary prostheses fabricated by 3D printing method. Sixty temporary prostheses were fabricated with LCD types of 3D printer(Halot-Sky, Creality, Shenzhen, China) and divided into six groups (n = 10) based on rinsing times and methods. All specimens were rinsed with 99% isopropanol alcohol for 5 and 10 min using three methods-hand washed, ultrasonic cleaning, and automated washing. All specimens were polymerized for 3 minutes under the same conditions. The marginal and internal gaps of specimens were examined using a replica technique. The light-body silicone thickness was measured at 6 reference points(Absolute marginal discrepancy, Marginal, Chamfer, Axial, Angle, and Occlusal gap). All measurements were performed by a stereomicroscope. Reference point images were taken at 100× magnification and then measured using an image analysis program. Statistical analysis was performed using Two-way ANOVA, One-way ANOVA, and the Kruskal-Wallis test (p = .05). The marginal and internal gaps were statistically different according to the rinsing methods and rinsing times(p < .001). In the rinsing time, the temporary prosthesis rinsed for 5 minutes group showed higher accuracy than 10 minutes group. In the rinsing method, the hand washing group showed higher accuracy than the automated washing group.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2022

목적: 본 연구는 의치상용 레진의 전장방법이 polyetherketoneketone (PEKK)과의 인장결합강도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법: 총 80개의 PEKK 시편을 T자 형태로 절삭 가공하고, airborne-particle abrasion 처리 후 전처리제(Visio.link)를 도포하였다. 전장 방법에 따라 4개의 군(n = 20)으로 나누어, 충전형 광중합형 복합레진(SR Adoro), 유동형 광중합형 복합레진(Crea.lign), 열중합형 의치상용 레진(Vertex RS), 자가중합형 의치상용 레진(ProBase Cold)으로 전장하였다. 각 군은 인공시효처리 여부에 따라 2가지 하위 군(n = 10)으로 나누었다. 만능시험기를 이용해 인장결합강도 측정하고 현미경으로 파절단면을 관찰하였다. 통계적 검증을 위해 이원 분산분석 및 Tukey's HSD 사후 검정을 시행하였다(α = .05). 결과: 인공시효처리와 레진 전장방법은 인장결합강도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 주었다(P < .001). 인공시효처리 전과 후 모두 유동형 광중합형 복합레진 군에서 가장 높은 값을 보였고, 열중합형 레진 군에서 가장 낮은 값을 보였다(P < .05). 파절 단면은 군에 따라 혼합 파절과 계면 파절이 혼재되어 나타났다. 결론: 레진의 전장 방식은 PEKK과의 인장결합강도에 영향을 줄 수 있으며, 인공시효처리는 인장결합강도를 감소시킨다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2019

PURPOSE. The accuracy of denture bases was compared among injection molding, milling, and rapid prototyping (RP) fabricating method. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The maxillary edentulous master cast was fabricated and round shaped four notches were formed. The cast was duplicated to ten casts and scanned. In the injection molding method, designed denture bases were milled from a wax block and fabricated using SR Ivocap injection system. Denture bases were milled from a pre-polymerized block in the milling method. In the RP method, denture bases were printed and post-cured. The intaglio surface of the base was scanned and surface matching software was used to measure inaccuracy. Measurements were performed between four notches and two points in the mid-palatal suture to evaluate inaccuracy. The palatine rugae resolution was evaluated. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis at ${\alpha}=.05$. RESULTS. No statistically significant differences in distances among four notches (P>.05). The accuracy of the injection molding method was lower than those of the other methods in two points of the mid-palatal suture significantly (P<.05). The degree of palatine rugae resolution was significantly higher in the injection molding method than that in other methods (P<.05). CONCLUSION. The overall accuracy of the denture base is higher in milling and RP method than the injection molding method. The degree of fine reproducibility is higher in the injection molding method than the milling or RP method.