• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1625-1629
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• 2009

The new paradigm called 'Low Carbon Green Growth' involved in reducing greenhouse gas is on the rise as a critical issue worldwide. The essential of Kyoto protocol issued in 1997 is to achieve the sustainable economic growth environments by converting existing production system to eco-friendly one. The protocol imposes the liability to reduce greenhouse gas to the countries joined to it. The paradigm is directly involved in the energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by construction activities. Value Engineering which are mainly applied in the design phase in practice is a measure to improve the value of a constructed facility by analyzing and/or appraising the functions and costs of it. However, an appropriate method which assesses eco-friendliness of constructed facility has not been propose by researchers. This paper proposes a method which assesses the performance involved in eco-friendliness of constructed facility using Value Engineering (VE) in the design phase. The method estimates the environmental cost relative to the amounts of energy consumption and environmental pollution occurred over the entire project life cycle. The database called "Life Cycle Inventory DB", which stores information about the amounts of environmental pollution, is used. The algorithm which retrieves the amounts of environmental pollutions from the DB and converts them into environmental costs is developed. The algorithm is implemented into a system which quantifies the eco-friendliness of constructed facility in the design phase using VE.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 1th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.437-446
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• 2005

Recently as people's values are changing from development phase into running stage after quality of life, so that the needs of environmentally friendly construction are gradually increasing. Also populace discontent about the pollution during construction process such as the noise and vibration caused by construction machinery is increasing. Even though it is impossible to eliminate the construction pollution fully, it is necessary to make efforts to reduce construction pollution to a minimum. In terms of construction site operating, the first possible step for solving these matters directly is that the necessary sum of expenses must be secured as the environmental management costs in the conceptual phase. However, in fact, the environmental management costs have not been secured in the budget. Generally it is the major reason not arising proper activities to prevent the pollution in the construction site. The purpose of this research is to suggest the efficient budgeting method regarding Environmental management costs to ensure the necessary sum of environmental management expenses. To provide an efficient budgeting method, interviews with the person in charge of environment management was conducted. 78 construction sites was surveyed and environmental management costs were analyzed through their historical data from the survey. According to the results of analysis, the ratio of environmental management costs is revealed 0.45% of construction cost as average comparing 0.2% of legal limit. And usually the environmental management cost was appropriated into the safety management budget. So it is needed to isolate environmental management budget securely and modify the ratio of Environmental conservation Costs in Construction Technology Management Act.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.329-342
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• 2024

The exponential increase in nitrate pollution of river water poses an immediate threat to public health and the environment. This contamination is primarily due to various human activities, which include the overuse of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture and the discharge of nitrate-rich industrial effluents into rivers. As a result, the accurate prediction and identification of contaminated areas has become a crucial and challenging task for researchers. To solve these problems, this work leads to the prediction of nitrate contamination using machine learning approaches. This paper presents a novel approach known as Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) based on the Stacked Ensemble approach for predicting nitrate pollution in the Cauvery Delta region of Tamilnadu, India. The proposed method is evaluated using a Cauvery River dataset from the Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board. The proposed method shows excellent performance, achieving an accuracy of 93.31%, a precision of 93%, a sensitivity of 97.53%, a specificity of 94.28%, an F1-score of 95.23%, and an ROC score of 95%. These impressive results underline the demonstration of the proposed method in accurately predicting nitrate pollution in river water and ultimately help to make informed decisions to tackle these critical environmental problems.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2008

본 논문은 다중 가스 필터 휠 (multi gas filter correlation wheel: multi GFC wheel)을 갖는 비분산 적외선법(NDIR method : non-dispersive infrared method)을 이용하여 대기 중 다종환경오염물질(CO, $SO_2$, NOx 등)을 동시에 실시간 측정할 수 있는 광학분석장치 개발을 위한 미세신호 검출 알고리즘을 제안한다. MCT(mercury cadmium telluride) 센서를 통해 측정된 각각의 환경오염물질의 미세신호는 고유한 NDIR 흡수 특성을 갖는다. 제안한 방법은 임계값과 하나의 외부 동기신호를 사용하여 연속적으로 측정된 신호로부터 각각의 오염물질 특정농도에 해당하는 데이터를 분리 검출한다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1507-1518
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• 2020

고화질 이미지는 정보가 많아 민감한 데이터는 민간기업이나 군사용 암호화에 의해 저장된다. 암호화된 영상은 비밀키를 통해서만 해독이 가능하지만, 일부 픽셀 데이터를 임의의 값으로 덮어쓰는 공유 공격 및 노이즈 공해 공격 기법의 공격을 받아도 원본 데이터는 보존할 수 없다. 중요한 데이터는 공격에 대한 복구 방법에 대한 대책이 더 필요하다는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 난수 발전기 PingPong 256과 셔플링 방법을 제안한다. PingPong 256은 영상이고 영상 암호화는 더 빠르게 수행할 수 있다. 또한 셔플링 방식은 화소를 재조정하여 Shear attack과 Noise pollution attack 기법에 저항하는 것이다. 다음으로 제안한 PingPong256을 SP800-22로 검사하고 다양한 노이즈에 대한 내성을 테스트하고 셔플 링 방식이 적용된 이미지가 Anti-shear attack과 Anti-noise pollution attack을 만족하는지 검증했다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2013

The assessment of personal exposure is a critical component in population-based epidemiologic studies of air pollution. This study was conducted to apply and compare the four exposure estimation methods of individual-level to air pollution concentration in a cohort including 2,283 subjects in Gwangyang, Korea. Individual-level exposure of air pollution were estimated using multiple approaches, including average across all monitors, nearest monitor, and spatial interpolation by inverse distance weighting and kriging. The mean concentrations of $PM_{10}$, $NO_2$, $SO_2$, CO, $O_3$ by four exposure estimation methods were slightly different but not significantly different from each other. Cross-validation showed that kriging was more accurate than other exposure estimation methods because kriging has probably predicted individual exposure levels equivalent to residential locations after estimating the parameters of a model according to the spatial surface of air pollution concentration. These data support that spatial interpolation methods may provide better estimates than selecting the value from the nearest monitor and averaging across values from all monitors by reflecting spatial attributes of air pollution on personal level.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2016

Load Duration Curve (LDC) can be used as a method for load management of point and non-point pollution source because the LDC easily assesses the water quality corresponding to hydrological changes in a watershed. Recently, the application of LDC to total pollution load management is a growing interest in Korea. In this regard, A desktop-based LDC assessment system was developed in this study to provide convenience to users in water quality evaluation. The developed system can simply produce the LDC by using streamflow and water quality data involved in its database. Also, The system can quantitatively inform the success or failure of the achievement for a target water quality at monthly scale. Furthermore, seasonal water quality and point/non-point pollution load in a watershed can be estimated by this system. We expect that the developed system will contribute to establish local and national policies regarding water management and total pollution load management because of its advantages such as the pollution tracking investigation and the analysis of water quality and pollution loading amount in an ungauged watershed.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.528-536
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• 2016

The purpose of Total Pollution Load Control at Tributary is to obtain maximum improvement effect of water quality through finding the most impaired section of water-body and establishing the proper control measure of pollutant load. This study was implemented to determine the optimal management of reach, period, condition, watershed, and pollution source and propose appropriate reduction practices using the Load duration curve (LDC) and field monitoring data. With the data of measurement, LDC analysis shows that the most impaired condition is reach V (G4~G5), E group (flow exceedance percentile 90~100%) and winter season. For this reason, winter season and low flow condition should be preferentially considered to restore water quality. The result of pollution analysis for the priority reach and period shows that agricultural nonpoint source loads from onion and garlic culture are most polluting. Therefore, it is concluded that agricultural reuse of surface effluent (storm-water runoff with non-point sources) and low impact farming that includes reducing fertilization and controlling the height of drainage outlet are efficient water quality management for this study watershed.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1986

Nowadays, air pollution by increasing consumption of fossil fuels resulting from rapidly growing population and industrialization has caused the adverse effects on terrestrial ecosystems and become one of the most serious problems causing environmental discriptions. Air pollution such as $SO_2, HF, NO_X,$ fly ash, ozone and PAN might influence plant growth, reproduction, nutrient cycling, photosynthesis and predisposition to entomological and pathological stresses on plants. Furthermore, accumulation of those toxic substances in forests might cause subtle or serious changes in the structure and function of forest ecosystems. Since 1970s, a number of large industrial complexes had been constructed as a part of industrialization plan in Korea. Accordingly, the forest exosystems around them has been under chronic influences of air pollution and effects of air pollution on plants became a matter of concern. In Yocheon Industrial Complex which consisted of lots of petrochemical plants and a phosphatic fertilizer manufacturing plant, forests has been exposed to chronic air pollution, mainly HF and $SO_2$ gas, Various reports were available to investigate the potential effects of air pollution on crops and forest trees in Yocheon. Kim and Kim surveyed vegetation by naked eye method and reported 71 families, 150 genera and 158 species were growing within a 2 km from air pollution sources in 1981. Needle injuries on Pinus spp. in the polluted area water reported by Kim, et al. and Kim, et al. Kim, et al. investigated the primary production of Pinus thunbergii forests in the polluted area and verified that growth inhibition of Pinus thunbergii was attributable to air pollution. Thus, previous reports suggested that forest ecosystems around Yocheon Industrial Complex were influenced adversely by air pollution. The objective of this study was to investigate the subtle ecological changes in forest community exposed to chronic air pollution in Yocheon.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.135-166
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 24개 광업과 제조업종을 대상으로 1995~1999년간 통합된 오염원단위 지수와 변화지수를 제시하고 이를 통하여 환경성과를 측정하고자 함이다. 본 연구는 오염원단위의 새로운 정의와 통합된 오염원단위를 측정하는 새로운 기법을 제시한다. 광업과 제조업을 경공업, 중공업 그리고 중공업내 오염산업과 여타중공업으로 구분하고 실증적으로 통합원단위 지수와 변화지수를 계측한다. 통합오염원단위 지수 기준으로 중공업내 오염산업은 가장 오염집약적인 업종인 반면, 같은 중공업내 여타 중공업에 속한 업종은 가장 오염저감에 성공적이다. 통합오염원단위 변화지수를 기준으로 산업 전체의 평균치는 1,091로서 오염배출량변화지수가 1.133으로 연간 13.3% 증가한 반면 산출량변화지수는 1.039로 연간 3.9% 증가하여 약 9.1% 상승하였다. 경공업과 중공업의 통합원단위 변화지수는 각각 1.125와 1.042였고, 오염산업의 평균이 1.287로 가장 높았음에도 중공업의 평균이 낮았던 것은 역시 여타 중공업의 평균이 0.913으로 연간 약 9% 가량 감소하였기 때문이다.