• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.555-566
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• 2013

Total maximum daily load enforced in 2004 is a program to evaluate the amount of pollutants by each land use type and manage to meet a target water quality of each waterbody. The many research to calculate runoff load of pollutants by landuse type have been studied. This study was conducted to calculate pollutants EMC, load and unit load in stormwater runoff generated from tomato growing area. Monitoring was conducted about 32 event during 4years and water quality parameters such as BOD, $COD_{Mn}$, TOC, TSS, TN, TP, $NH_3-N$, $NO_3-N$, $PO_4-P$ were analyzed at the laboratory. The average EMC were measured as follows: 9.6 BOD mg/L, 17.2 $COD_{Mn}$ mg/L, 5.5 TOC mg/L, 319.4 TSS mg/L, 4.4 T-N mg/L, 2.6 T-P mg/L, 0.5 $NH_3-N$ mg/L, 0.04 $NO_2-N$ mg/L, 2.6 $NO_3-N$ mg/L, 0.8 $PO_4-P$ mg/L. TN and TP is dichargeed as $NO_3-N$ and particle phosphorus type, respectively.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2001

An intensive watershed survey including water quality measurement of 6 times was carried out in order to find out the relationship between pollutant load and water quality in a small stream watershed where livestock wastewater is the main source of water pollution. The findings from the survey are as follows. 1) The number of livestock showed large disagreement among county office, myon, and insite survey. It is vital to check the data at the beginning of watershed survey. 2) The fluctuation of streamflow and water quality was so large depending on the day of measurement that it is essential to set up continuous telemetering system to get reliable data about delivery ratio of pollutants. 3) It was helpful for setting the priority of investigation to check water quality and quantity at several points along the stream after dividing the watershed into 5 drainage areas. 4) To control the livestock wastewater, especially in case of cows, it is necessary to have roof system and prevent overland flow from the ground. In case of pig farms, it is recommended to have public treatment system instead of private treatment system. The exact emission load of livestock wastewater was difficult to estimate, and requires more study.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.15-17
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• 2007

The variable speed engine generator set is interested for an isolated power system due to reduced fuel consumption and less emission. However, because of sluggish dynamic behavior of the internal combustion engine the power quality would be degraded during the sudden load power surge, where the power required by the load is not available by the engine due to the reduced engine speed. An isolated power system based on variable speed engine with a super-capacitor bank improves dynamic characteristics under sudden load change, and power quality, fuel consumption, and pollutants can be reduced remarkably. Also, it is verified by the computer simulation that the inverter of 3phase-4leg is compatible to the isolated power system with unbalanced load. In this paper, the feasibility of the system has been verified based on a 26kw commercial diesel engine system.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2023

Wastewater of anthropogenic origin is known to harbor various bacteria that are known to be of potential risk to human health and environment. It is of utmost importance to monitor such water sources. Coliforms present in the sewage water samples of municipal sewage treatment plants located at three different places in the South Gujarat region (Surat, Navsari and Vapi) of India were analyzed for their coliforms load as well as tested for their drug resistance. Using cultivation-based techniques microbial load and drug resistance (Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin, Erythromycin, Trimethoprim and Sulphamethoxazole) were analyzed. Water treatment statistically significantly decreased the bacterial load in Vapi and Navsari samples. The optical density of with and without antibiotics of all the three locations was shown to increase significantly after 72 hours. Of all the isolates tested, except isolate 'VA5' (resisted up to 90 ㎍ of Ampicillin) all other isolates resisted 256 ㎍ concentration of antibiotics tested. This study indicates that the sewage water is being contaminated with drugs and/or antibiotics due to industrial and/or anthropogenic activities. Regular monitoring of the water quality is required followed by implementation of environmental laws for reducing the pollutants, that are of human health and environment concern.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.561-566
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• 2002

As the air pollution caused by diesel vehicles goes worse, so non-road vehicles exhaust gas standards are more strict in an foreign countries. There is growing evidence that diesel vehicles could play the important role in determining health effects. Most of the particle number emitted by diesel engines is in the nanopaticle range, D$\_$p/ < 50nm, while most of the mass is in the accumulation mode, 50nm < D$\_$p/ < 1000nm range. The aim of this work was to investigate pollutants in the exhaust of railroad diesel rolling stock under load tests.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.589-599
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• 2016

Implemented since 2004, TPLC (Total Pollution Load Control) is the most powerful water-quality protection program. Recently, uncertainty of prediction using steady state model increased due to changing water environments, and necessity of a dynamic state model, especially the watershed model, gained importance. For application of watershed model on TPLC, it needs to be feasible to adjust the relationship (mass-balance) between discharged loads estimated by technical guidance, and arrived loads based on observed data at the watershed outlet. However, at HSPF, simulation is performed as a semi-distributed model (lumped model) in a sub-basin. Therefore, if the estimated discharged loads from individual pollution source is directly entered as the point source data into the RCHRES module (without delivery ratio), the pollutant load is not reduced properly until it reaches the outlet of the sub-basin. The hypothetic RCHRES generated using the HSPF BMP Reach Toolkit was applied to solve this problem (although this is not the original application of Reach Toolkit). It was observed that the impact of discharged load according to spatial distribution of pollution sources in a sub-basin, could be expressed by multi-segmentation of the hypothetical RCHRES. Thus, the discharged pollutant load could be adjusted easily by modification of the infiltration rate or characteristics of flow control devices.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.715-722
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• 2015

Four major river basin in Korea has been managed with Total Maximum Daily Load(TMDL) System. Water quality indicators as targeted pollutants for TMDL were BOD and TP. In order to satisfy water quality criteria, government allocation using public treatment facilities and its action plan has been used. However, the role to improve water quality were recently faced to its limitation. It is time to require the role of non-government allocation in private discharge facilities to control good water quality. This study investigated three different scenarios in reduction demands of non-government allocations about industry and private sewages. The three different scenarios were discharge under 1) legal water quality standard, 2) water quality level in 2011 and 3) current water quality level with maximum value in group. The results showed that reduction potential in water discharge for TP indicator was 1,118kg/day, under second scenario with 20% of deduction. This results arrived at 42% of whole reduction potential costs and 0.012mg/L improvement in water quality. In conclusion, to intrigue voluntary participation in non-government allocation, various benefits such as tax reduction, tax exemption, and water quality trading should be provided.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2022

Recently, regulations on automobile exhaust gas emission are being strengthened. Accordingly, automobile exhaust gas emissions are expected to decrease and continue to decrease. On the other hand, many countries do not yet consider the emission of non-exhaust air pollutants from automobiles as important. Automobile non-exhaust substances are classified into three categories: tire dust emissions, brake wear emissions, and road scattering dust. In particular, in the case of tire dust, research results exist that pollutant emissions increase as the weight of a vehicle increases. Since the weight of trucks varies according to the load and the load along the axles is also different, it can be expected that the emission of PM10 from the tire dust will be different depending on the loading method. Therefore, this study was conducted on the amount of PM10 generated in tire dust considering the axle load of the truck according to the loading method. However, it was confirmed that the total amount of PM10 was less than that all loads are loaded in the front or rear when the load was evenly distributed in the front and rear of the cargo compartment. In particular, if the load is distributed evenly in the front and back of the cargo compartment and the load in the front part is divided into 2 to 6 and loaded, as the number of divided loading increases the amount of PM10 generated decreases. And when the load is divided into 6 pieces, the total amount of PM10 generated is 0.3952g, the minimum value. If the load is divided into 6 or more and loaded evenly, the total PM10 generated continuously increases and converges to about 0.3964g.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.873-885
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• 2019

In this study, a load duration curve was applied to the Jangseongcheon, one of the tributaries of the Yeongsan River, to assess whether the target water quality was achieved. In addition, pollution of the water body was investigated to develop and suggest the optimal management time with respect to polluted flow sections and monthly conditions. The average flow rates of sections JS1 and JS2 were $0.25m^3/s$ and $1.08m^3/s$, respectively. The BOD and T-P for water-quality standards at JS1 were rated at II, whereas the COD and TOC were rated at III, thus indicating a fair level of water quality. By contrast, the BOD at JS2 was rated at III, the T-P at IV, and the TOC at V, indicating poor water quality in this section. The load duration curve was plotted using the actual flow data measured in eight-day intervals for eight years from 2011 to 2018 at locations JS1 and JS2 in the Jangsungcheon Basin. In an assessment using the load duration curve on whether the target water quality was met at location JS1, all of the water quality parameters (BOD, COD, TOC, T-N, T-P, and SS) satisfied the target water quality. By contrast, at location JS2, parameters COD, TOC, T-N, and T-P exceeded target values by more than 50%, indicating the target water quality was not met. The discharge loads of locations JS1 and JS2 were analyzed to identify the reasons the target water quality was exceeded. Results revealed that the land system contributed considerably. Furthermore, the discharge load of JS2 accounted for more than 80% of the load on the entire basin, excluding that of JS1. Therefore, the best method for restraining the inflow of pollutants into the stream near location JS2 must be applied to manage the water quality of the Jangsungcheon.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.63-69
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to develop Water Quality Management System(WQMS), which performs calculating pollutant discharge and forecasting water quality with water pollution model. Operational water quality management requires not only controlling pollutants but acquiring and managing exact information. A GIS software, ArcView was used to enter or edit geographic data and attribute data, and MapObject was used to customize the user interface. PCI, a remote sensing software, was used for deriving land cover classification from 20 m resolution SPOT data by image processing. WQMS has two subsystems, Database Subsystem and Modelling subsystem. Database subsystem consisted of watershed data from digital map, remote sensing data, government reports, census data and so on. Modelling subsystem consisted of NSPLM(NonStorm Pollutant Load Model)-SPLM(Storm Pollutant Load Model). It calculates the amount of pollutant and predicts water quality. This two subsystem was connected through graphic display module. This system has been calibrated and verified by applying to Mokhyun stream watershed.