• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.528-536
• /
• 2016

The purpose of Total Pollution Load Control at Tributary is to obtain maximum improvement effect of water quality through finding the most impaired section of water-body and establishing the proper control measure of pollutant load. This study was implemented to determine the optimal management of reach, period, condition, watershed, and pollution source and propose appropriate reduction practices using the Load duration curve (LDC) and field monitoring data. With the data of measurement, LDC analysis shows that the most impaired condition is reach V (G4~G5), E group (flow exceedance percentile 90~100%) and winter season. For this reason, winter season and low flow condition should be preferentially considered to restore water quality. The result of pollution analysis for the priority reach and period shows that agricultural nonpoint source loads from onion and garlic culture are most polluting. Therefore, it is concluded that agricultural reuse of surface effluent (storm-water runoff with non-point sources) and low impact farming that includes reducing fertilization and controlling the height of drainage outlet are efficient water quality management for this study watershed.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제47권3호
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2005

A monitoring study has been conducted to identify hydrologic conditions, water quality and nutrient loading characteristics of small watershed in Juam Lake. Climate data of the watershed were collected; flow rate was measured and water quality sampling was conducted at the watershed outlet for this study. Water quality data revealed that T-P concentrations meet I grade of lake water quality standard during non-storm period, but degraded up to II-III grade of lake water quality standard during storm period. The observed T-N concentrations always exceeded lake water quality standard. Therefore, T-P was identified as limiting chemical constituent for eutrophication of Juam Lake. T-P concentration of non-storm period also revealed that point source pollution is not serious in the watershed. Three year monitoring results showed that the observed T-N losses were $10.85\~18.88$ kg/ha and T-P losses were $0.028\~0.323$ kg/ha during six month (Mar. - Oct.), respectively. Major portion of runoff amount discharged by a few storm events a year and nutrient load showed apparent seasonal variation. Huge runoff amounts were generated by intense storms, which make application of water treatment or detention facilities ineffective. Monitoring results confirmed that water quality improvement by abating nonpoint source pollution in rural watershed of monsoon climate should be focused on source control. T-P losses from paddy field seemed to consist of significant amount of total load from study watershed. Therefore, management of drainage from paddy field is considered to be important for preventing algal blooming problem in Juam Lake.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2009

Water quality of the Lake Youngrang in the Sokcho City is eutrophic. Jangcheon is the largest inflow source to the lake. Major pollutant sources are stormwater runoff from resort areas and various land uses in the Jangcheon watershed. A storm sewer on the southern end of the lake is also an important pollution source. In this study, water quality modelling for Lake Youngrang was carried out considering the rainfall-runoff pollution loads from the watershed. The rainfall-runoff curves and the rainfall-runoff pollutant load curves were derived from the rainfall-runoff survey data during the recent 4 years. The rainfall-runoff pollution loads and flow from the Jangcheon watershed and the storm sewer were estimated using the two kinds of curves, and they were used as the flow and the boundary data of the WASP model. With the measured water quality data of the year 2005 and 2006, WASP model was calibrated. Non-point pollution control measures such as wet pond and infiltration trench were considered as the alternative for water quality management of the lake. The predicted water quality were compared with those under the present condition, and the improvement effect of the lake water quality were analyzed.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제51권5호
• /
• pp.69-78
• /
• 2009

In order to improve water quality of upper watershed of Paldang reservoir, it is necessary to evaluate non-point source pollution loads and identify critical watershed pollution sources. A GIS based Soil and Water Assessment Tool was applied to evaluate model application and reliability, estimate NPS pollution load, identify critical watershed by NPS pollution sources, and suggest various best management practices for Kyongan Stream watershed. Yearly NPS pollution loads were estimated 30.0% SS, 60.1% TN and 35.4% TP, respectably. The watershed pollution load is mainly decided by precipitation condition and SS and nutrients load have a significant regression relationship. Based on 10-year average yearly NPS pollution load, critical sub-watersheds were identified. The No. 5 and 17 which have lots of relatively intensive agricultural fields and scattered industrial area were vary critical sub-watersheds and under more intensive pollution load. In order to control critical watershed, watershed best management practices such as scientific fertilizer, contour farming and parallel terrace, transferring the sloppy farmland to grass or forest and constructing a buffer zone, and constructing wetlands and retention ponds will be applied. Overall the SWAT model can be efficiently used for identification of critical sub-watersheds in order to develop a priority watershed management plan to reduce water pollutions.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2007년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
• /
• pp.287-288
• /
• 2007

This paper is for a Real-time Active Control System to operate a boiler. By sensing of flame we wanted to get status of a furnace as many as possible, like load, efficiency, and/or amount of pollutant. These data can be used to make optimal running point by controlling the ratio of air and fuel. So the last object is to make a closed actual control loop from optical head to valve controllers. The first job was to design and to develop a optical data acquisition system. including optical sensor module. And we gathered flame data in variable situations for taking the trend of flame against burning environment. Currently we are developing a general system model, designing some control strategy and testing this active control system.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.356-365
• /
• 2002

One of the most important factors that cause eutrophication is nutrient materials containing nitrogen and phosphorus which stem from excreation of terrestial sources and release from sediment. Therefore, to improve water quality, the reduction of these nutrients loads should be indispensible. At this study, the three-dimensional numerical hydrodynamic and ecosystem model, which was developed by Institute for Resources and Environment of Japan, were applied to analyze the processes affecting the eutrophication. The residual currents, which were obtained by integrating the simulated tidal currents over 1 tidal cycle, showed the presence of a typical counterclockwise eddies between Gyewha and Garyuk island. Density driven currents were generated westward at surface and eastward at the bottom in Saemankeum area where the fresh waters are flowing into, The ecosystem model was calibrated with the data surveyed in the field of the study area in annual average. The simulated results were fairly good coincided with the observed values within relative error of $30\%$. The simulations of DIN and DIP concentrations were performed using ecosystem model under the conditions of $40\~100\%$ pollution load reductions from pollution sources. In study area, concentration of DIN and DIP were reduced to $59\%$ and $28\%$ in case of the $80\%$ reduction of the input loads from fresh water respectively. But pollution loads from sediment had hardly affected DIN and DIP concentration, The $95\%$ input load abatement is necessary to meet the DIN and DIP concentration of second grade of ocean water quality criteria.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.343-355
• /
• 2023

After the implementation of the total pollution load control system, the effect of improving river water quality by expanding investments in basic environmental facilities, inducing operational efficiency, and reducing the load of various pollutants was clear. However, since the implementation of the system, the management of non-point pollutants has been neglected; management focused on specific substances (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total phosphorus (T-P)) and lacked specific cause analysis and action plans, failed to establish a relationship between water quality and pollution load, failed to reflect stakeholder demands for river water quality management, and failed to apply technical conditions. Therefore, to overcome the limitations raised and achieve a practical and efficient advanced total pollution system, the current system was partially improved and will continue to be improved. This study analyzed the performance and limitations of the total pollution system and introduced recent improvements and the contents that are being improved. The main contents included reducing emissions and reduction monitoring, using water quality tele-monitoring system (TMS) data and self-measurement data, adding population-inducing facilities, and adjusting regional development projects from 20 to 30 multi-family housing units, currentizing each pollutant source according to the roadmap. If the system is improved in a developmental direction and responds to various changes, it will be a more practical and effective policy.

• 해양환경안전학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.345-356
• /
• 2011

여자만은 유기물 오염이 점차 진행되어 가고 있으며, 해역의 수질관리를 위하여 유역으로부터 유입하는 육상기인 오염물질을 GIS 기법을 이용하여 발생부하량과 배출부하량을 산정하였다. 목표수질을 달성하기 위해 해역의 환경용량을 초과하여 유입하는 육상오염물질의 양을 박스모델로 계산하여 삭감부하량과 허용유입부하량을 평가하였다. 여자만의 수질을 해역생활환경기준 I등급으로 회복하기 위한 허용부하량을 산정한 결과, 생물화학적산소요구량은 배출부하의 39.3%, 총인은 30.8%를 삭감해야 하고, 총질소의 경우 6.9%의 낮은 배출부하 삭감률을 나타내었다. 유역의 오염원 현황과 발생부하량 현황을 볼 때 토지계가 차지하는 오염부하 비중이 높고, 배출부하량에서도 가장 큰 비중을 차지하였다. 여자만의 해양환경 보호와 개선을 위해서는 육상기원 오염물질 중 점오염원 뿐만 아니라 축산계 및 토지계 부하 등 비점원 오염원에 대한 관리가 필요하다는 것을 시사한다.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.401-407
• /
• 2010

농업지역에서 발생한 오염부하량을 결정하기 위해 여러 토지이용형태 중에서 벚나무 재배지(단위 비점오염원)에서 발생하는 오염부하 특성을 조사하였다. 유출시 발생된 강우사상에서는 강우량과 유출수량의 상관계수가 0.5로 낮게 나타나 투수성을 예측할 수 없는 수준이었다. 강우량 20mm 미만인 경우에도 강우강도가 8.8 mm/hr 수준으로 높은 경우에는 유출이 발생하였으나 강우량이 47.4 mm로 많은 경우라 할지라도 긴 무강우일수와 약한 강우강도를 보인 경우에는 유출이 발생하지 않았다. 강우사상시 발생된 유출량과 SS, BOD, COD, TN 및 TP 오염부하량과의 상관계수는 SS에서 최저값 0.71을 보인 것 이외에는 모두 r ${\geq}$ 0.92로 매우 유의한 값을 나타냈다. 한편 SS와 다른 오염물질간의 오염부하상관성도 모두 r ${\geq}$ 0.73의로 유의한 값을 나타내었으므로 SS관리를 통해 유기물질과 영양염에 대한 제어도 가능함을 알 수 있다. 최고 TN농도는 시비활동에 의해 직접적 영향을 받은 Event의 유출수에서 발생하였다. 따라서 농경지에서 발생하는 유출수의 오염수준을 평가할 때에는 시비여부를 반드시 고려해야 할 것이다.

• Water Engineering Research
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2006

Recently, the population growth and agricultural development are rapidly undergoing in the South-West Texas. The junction of three river basins such as Lavaca river basin, Colorado-Lavaca Coastal basin and Lavaca-Guadalupe Coastal basin, are interesting for non-point and point source pollutant modeling: Especially, the 2 basins are an intensively agricultural region (Colorado-Lavaca Coastal/Lavaca-Guadalupe Coastal basins) and several cities are rapidly extended. In case of the Lavaca river basin, there are many range land. Several habitat types wide-spread over three relatively larger basins and five wastewater discharge regions are located in there. There are different hazardous substances which have been released. Total nutrient loads are composed of land surface load and river load as Non-point source and discharge from wastewater facilities as point source. In 3 basins region, where point and non-point sources of poll Jtion may be a big concern, because increasing fertilizers and pesticides use and population cause. This project objective seeks to how to assess and control the accumulation of non-point and point source and discuss the main impacts of agriculture and environmental concern as non-point source with water quality related to pesticides, fertilizer, and nutrients and as point source with wasterwater discharge from cities. The GIS technique has been developed to aid in the point and non-point source analysis of impacts to natural resource within watershed. This project shows the losses in $kg/km^2/year$ of BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand), TN (Total Nitrogen) and TP (Total Phosphorus) in the runoff from the surface of 3 basins. In the next paper, sediment contamination will show how to evaluate in Estuarine habitats of these downstream.