• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-37
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• 2006

General expressions for solid state NMR lines are described for transitions under static, magic angle spinning, and variable angle spinning conditions in the case where the principal axis system for the anisotropic chemical shift tensor is noncoincident with that of the quadrupole coupling tensor. It is demonstrated that solid state NMR powder pattern simulation program VMAS based on the conventional grid point method of integrating over the Euler angle space is fast enough in comparison with the POWDER simulation package and Gauss-point method.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.219-226
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide a better understanding of short turn mechanism by describing short turns after kinematic analysis and provide skiers and winter sports instructors with data through which they are able to analyze right postures for turns in skiing in a systematic, rational and scientific manner. Method: For this, a mean difference of kinematic variables (ski-hip angle, ski-shoulder twist angle, pole checking angle, the center of gravity (CG) displacement, trunk forward lean angle) was verified against a total of 12 skiers (skilled and unskilled, 6 persons each), regarding motions from the up-start to down-end points for short turns. Results: There was no difference in a ski-hip twist angle. The ski-shoulder twist angle was large at the up-start point while a pole-checking angle was high at the down-end point in skilled skiers. Concerning the horizontal displacement of CG, skilled skiers were positioned on the right side at the upstart point. No significant difference was observed in the trunk forward lean angle. Conclusion: According to the ski-shoulder twist angle and CG horizontal displacement results, the upper body should be kept leant toward the pole. In addition, big turns should be made via edging and angulation. During pole checking, the hand holding the pole should be thrown and released toward a vector direction of the forearm.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.221-228
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• 2005

The tribrachial flame in laminar coflow jet has been investigated experimentally with unsteady propagating condition. In this experiment, we found that the tribrachial point has an angle of flame surface because the location of tribrachial point is not on the base point of flame but on the inclined surface of flame. This angle of Flame surface at tribrachial point are increasing when the flame is approaching to the nozzle exit. With considering this angle of flame surface, the radial velocity gradient can affect flame propagation speed by increasing flow-stretch effect. The propagation speed of tribrachial flame was calculated with including above stretch effect. The speed decreases with increasing velocity gradient due to the increment of stretch effect.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.594-602
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• 2021

Recently, quantitative and repetitive inspections of the old urban area were conducted because many structures exceed their designed lifetime. The health of a building can be validated from the condition of the outer wall, while the slant angle of the wall widely serves as an indicator of urban regeneration projects. Mostly, the inspector directly measures the inclination of the wall or partially uses 3D point measurements using a static light detection and ranging (LiDAR). These approaches are costly, time-consuming, and only limited space can be measured. Therefore, we propose a mobile mapping system and automatic slant map generation algorithm, configured to capture urban environments online. Additionally, we use the LiDAR-inertial mapping algorithm to construct raw point clouds with gravity information. The proposed method extracts walls from raw point clouds and measures the slant angle of walls accurately. The generated slant angle map is evaluated in indoor and outdoor environments, and the accuracy is compared with real tiltmeter measurements.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2000

This study presents a procedure for analyzing chip-tool friction and shear processes in 3-D cutting with a single point tool. The edge of a single point tool including a circular nose is modified to an equivalent straight edge, thereby reducing the 3-D cutting with a single point tool to the equivalent of oblique cutting. Then, by transforming the conventional coordinate systems and using the measurements of three cutting force components, the force components on the rake face and shear plane of the equivalent oblique cutting system can be obtained. As a result, the chip-tool friction and shear characteristics of 3-D cutting with a single point tool can be assessed.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.25 no.9 s.220
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• pp.861-872
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• 1987

The Purpose of this study was to know the differences between the occlusal plane angles formed by F-H plane on cephalograms and the occlusal plane angles by the upper margin of the articulator, and to ind the contributing factors to the difference of occlusal angles. for this study, 39 young adults (20 men, 19 women) were selected who had normal occlusion, no severe attrition, no missing tooth, not been under orthodontic treatment and occlusal equilibration and no temporomandibular disorders. The maxillary casts were mounted with Hanau 159-1 ear piece type face-bow and measured the occlusal plane angle with prototype occlusal plane projector. The following results were obtained; 1. The mean value of the ear rod F-H plane occlusal angle was 14.75˚, articulator occlusal angle was 9.26˚ and strong positive correlation between these angles, 2. It was almost same angle between the ear rod F-H plane angle (14.75˚) and the beyron point to infraorbital rim-6mm. occlusal angle (14.46˚) 3. The mean distance from the ear rod porion to the Byron point was 5.67mm. 4. It was no significant correlation between the distances Po-Beyron point, Or-infraorbital rim and articulator occlusal angle.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.1231-1233
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• 1996

This paper presents an estimation of relative distance and angle from a mobile robot to an object. From the number of pulses required to make the mobile robot move to the feature point, we find the relative distance and angle between the mobile robot and the object. The proposed method shows a practical way of measuring the relative distance and angle between the mobile robot and an object without setting up real world coordinate system.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.327-340
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the height of jump, angle of the ankle and knee, the angular velocity of the ankle and knee between two types of ballet shoes during a jump in the 1st position. The subjects were 5 female ballet majors of university in Busan the majors who have been dancing ballet for six years on the average. The conclusions are as follows: 1. The height of jump had no significant difference between two types of ballet shoes, and then the average of the height of jump with point shoes group ($20.24{\pm}4.62\;cm$) was a little higher than ballet shoes group ($17.50{\pm}4.05\;cm$). 2. The angle of the ankle had no significant difference for all events between two types of ballet shoes. The minimum angle of ankle joint was represented to $54.36_{\circ}$ at the E1 of the left ankle angle of the ballet shoes and the maximum value was showed $155.43_{\circ}$ at the E3 of the right ankle angle of the point shoes. 3. The angle of the knee had no significant difference for all events between two types of ballet shoes. The minimum angle of knee joint was represented to $99.54_{\circ}$ at the E1 of the left knee angle of the ballet shoes and the maximum value was showed $174.25_{\circ}$ at the E3 of the right knee angle of the point shoes. 4. The ankle velocity of the ankle had no significant difference for all events between two types of ballet shoes. The minimum angular velocity of the ankle was represented to 4.35 deg/s at the maximum height(E3) of the point shoes and the maximum value was showed 597.81 deg/s at the take-off(E2) of the right ankle angle of the point shoes. 5. The angular velocity of the knee had significant difference between two types of ballet shoes at the event 1(p<.05). The minimum angular velocity of the hee was represented to -1.68 deg/s at the maximum height(E3) of the point shoes and the maximum value was showed 360.25 deg/s at the take-off(E2) of the left knee angle of the ballet shoes. The other events had no significant difference between two types of ballet shoes.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2010

Background: The target of lumbar sympathetic ganglion block is the anterolateral surface of the L2, 3 and 4 vertebral bodies, where the lumbar sympathetic ganglion usually lies. In most cases, a block-needle is inserted approximately 5-8 cm lateral to spinous process on the skin and directed to the anterolateral surface of vertebral body obliquely. The purpose of this study is to determine the safe entry angle and entry point in Korean by using the abdominal CT scan images. Methods: The abdominal CT images of eighty five patients were recruited to this study. The minimal angle aimed at the lumbar sympathetic ganglion that can pass through the lateral aspect of body and maximal angle that avoids puncturing the kidney, ureter or retroperitoneal space were measured. The distance from midline to skin entry point was also measured. Results: There was no significant difference in entry angle among L2, 3, and 4 level. The entry angle was similar in the right and left side, and in males and females. The entry angle of old age group was significantly smaller than that of young age group. The calculated safe entry angle was $30.5{\pm}0.4^{\circ}$ and entry point was $7.7{\pm}0.2\;cm$ and $6.7{\pm}0.1\;cm$ lateral from midline in males and females respectively. Conclusions: These measurements can be used as a reference for lumbar sympathetic ganglion block and radiofrequency lesioning. Prior to performing the lumbar sympathetic ganglion block for cancer patients, the abdominal CT scan should be reviewed to prevent complications.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.487-504
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• 2015

For a smooth plane curve, the curvature can be characterized by the rate of change of the angle between the tangent vector and a fixed vector. In this article we prove that the curvature of a space curve can also be given by the rate of change of the locally defined angle between the tangent vector at a point and the nearby point. By using height functions, we introduce turning angle of a space curve and characterize the curvature by the rate of change of the turning angle. The main advantage of the turning angle is that it can be used to characterize the curvature of discrete curves. For this purpose, we introduce a discrete turning angle and a discrete curvature called visual curvature for space curves. We can show that the visual curvature is an approximation of curvature for smooth curves.