• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.66
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• pp.103-128
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• 2017

Slaves have been investigated around diaries or slave ownership papers of nobilities up to now. While slaves were described in tales or stories on loyal slaves or historic tales, slaves were not sufficiently examined. This paper analyzed the actual awareness on slaves through the description on slaves in Chinese poem. It was generally very difficult to deal with young slaves because young slaves were included in the lowest class without education and not an adult. The fugitive slaves were loss of labor and brought the emotional betrayal. There were spells to make fugitive slaves return. The sense of loss was nearly same in the death of slaves as in the death of family members. The longer the slaves lived with owners, the greater the sense of loss was. However, the difference of awareness on slaves per period was not identified in this paper. It can be identified only by fully examining more data on slaves. It will be the theme of further study.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1762-1767
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• 2001

The Posuk-Chung Pavilion if a defunct irregular stone water channel in Kyongju, Korea, once used for the meandering stream feast'by kings of Silla Dynasty during the first millennium. The poets were seated around this stone water channel who composed the Chinese poems, overlooking the streams. They load to take the punishment drinks unless they finished the poem before the drifting cup filled with the rice wine arrived at their seats on the meandering stream. In this paper, we have made computer simulation as well as well as model experiment on the ancient meandering stream of the Posuk-Chung Pavilion. The computational results are compared with the experiment and the channel flow characteristics are delineated here. It is discussed how the present Posuk-Chung channel is morphologically distinguished from the Chinese and Japanese meandering streams.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.24
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• pp.47-85
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• 2006

One of the famous Korean verses, Sijo 'In hemp clothes in winter(삼동에 베옷 입고)' is in thirty kinds of anthologies and ten kinds of Chinese writings. The major point in literary transmission of this work was the writer. The writer of this verse is Cho Sik(조식) in most anthologies. The writer of this work is recorded as Kil Jae(길재), Kim In-hoo(김인후), Kim Eung-jung(김응정), Lee Mong-gyu(이몽규) or Kim Ryung(김령) in Chinese writings. These people were famous for their studies and virtue, but they did not take office and retired from the world until they die. They were faithful to their principles serving their kings, though the country had wanted them to take a position in the government. Even though they did not in government service, they left some anecdotes and stories of lamentation after hearing their king's death. Because these stories and anecdotes can be easily connected with 'In hemp clothes in winter' which is about mourning over death of a king, they were known as the writer of this poem. Especially, their offsprings, juniors and followers often wrote these people as the writer of this work to represent their honor. Throughout the studies of several literary documents, this poem is written by Kim Eung-Jung, who lived in Kangjin(강진) in Jeonla province(전라도) and did not take office in all his life. He made this poem when he had heard the King Myoungjong(명종)'s death. Various transmission of literary documents with the records about 'In hemp clothes in winter' have a significance that can show the aspects of noble men's acceptance and transmission of Sijo.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.59
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• pp.9-32
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• 2015

The purpose of this paper is to study the development process of our native verses from the Three Kingdoms Period to the Goryeo Dynasty. The contents of the discussion can be summarized as follows. Typical form of "Sanega" from the Three Kingdoms Period to the late Silla/ early Goryeo Dynasty is a well organized 3-layered structure representing the contents of enlightenment of a high priest. Sanaega has a poetic style characterized by distinct literary features compared to other native verses in the same era. The reason is that 10-line Hyangga improves its poetic level as it is aware of Chinese poetry. As it enters the Goryeo Dynasty, this literary composition starts to change. In other words, Sanega declines and quatrain emerges in the front of literary history. Unlike the Three Kingdoms Period ~ the late Silla/ early Goryeo Dynasty, development of quatrain results from that native verses enhances the characteristics of song rather than poem in the Goryeo Dynasty. Native verses form the mutually complementary relationship by adjusting the position as the song rather than competing with it as the poem as Chinese poetry becomes more common. In the Goryeo Dynasty, Sanaega declines and Sijo emerges in literary history, because native verses have been developed in the poetic form to freely express general emotion and to be more loved from the public. It is in the same vein as a native verse in the form of quatrain raises its vitality by enhancing the characteristics of the song through the adjustment of its position compared to Chinese poetry.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.40
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• pp.307-323
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• 2007

One of the distinguishing features of late Jeosun s Hanshi (poem in Chinese) is the numerous creation of Yeonjachyung Keesokshi (serial poem on folklore) which describes the folk manner and folk way of life in detail. Keesokshi s subject matter is the folklike in general including local features, geography, climate, local production, humanity, social conducts, and daily labor for living as well. By its material characteristics, Keesokshi reflects detailed life conditions of the society members in each levels, and represents the local customs as well as the folk emotions. Among the several kinds of Keesokshis, a Sesi Keesokshi focuses only in reciting the folk customs on each seasonal festival days, and the great numbers of such serial poems appear during the latter part of the Jeosun Dynasty. Its overall background is the transition of artistic trend which came after many social changes such as expansion of realism, uprising national consciousness, shaken status system, and the rising of 'Jeosun si motives in the Hansi history. Moreover, each writers various experiences and their interests in the reality and critical minds of common people contributed a crucial roll in creation of Sesi Keesokshi. 178 of the 584 remaining serial Sesi Keesokshi are written particularly about the folk customs in The Grand Full Moon Festival (the first full moon of a year by the lunar calendar). These Hanshis widely reflect the common ways of living by directly accepting the seasonal folk customs as the subject matters. Especially, close to the reality, these poems positively express the people's simple vigorous lives and create unrestrained lively image by describing the joys and sorrows of the folk ewistence along with their craving. Also, it is notable to have customs such as 'Shil-Ssa-Um' and 'No-gu-ban-kong-yang' as subjects for its rarity in other literatures.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.193-204
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• 2020

According to science technology development, information society has progressed rapidly in the 21st century. Our consciousness and tradition have become entangled in the tide of Westernization. Therefore, the education of Chinese characters was neglected, and Chinese poetry literature was naturally neglected. This led to the abundance of material civilization, however, from the mental aspects, the daily life of modern people became insecure. There is a poet who has lived a lonely life of creation of Chinese poetry in this era. He is a Geasan Kwon Seung Geun(1940~) who writes only poem while being friends with nature. His Chinese poems were revealed through life experiences in nature, which is inspiring sympathy. The origin of his theme is nature. The poetry obtained from nature is rustic simple and pure. Therefore His poems have the style and taste of nature. The Chinese poetry literature of Geasan has been embodied the elements of self-interest, self-satisfaction, self-contentment and living in free at his literatue. On its basis, his Chinese literature has aesthetic boundary of remaining aloofness(自然而然的 超然)·rambling talk, living peacfully and play around with leisure·(閒遠物遊的 閑淡)·deviation rhyme of vividly and beautifully(生趣淸遠的 逸韻) The aesthetic boundary of Chinese poetry of Geasan can be seen as having a depth. This is the aesthetic boundary of Chinese poetry written by this generation in the 21st century.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.10
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• pp.149-188
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• 1983

This study is about a literary man, Suheon Lee Jung Kyeung(AD. 1599-1678) and his poem 'Ohdae Eubuga' written in the language of the common people(RiEu) of Cho Seon dynasty. The outline of this study are as follows: 1) The work has been written at Ohdae, Cheongdo Gum, Kyeung-sang Do, in AD. 1656 that is the 7th year of King Hyo Jong of Cho Seon dynasty. 2) The work was written in the Korean and Chinese characters, in the form of the ancient Korean ode (Sijo). The twenty odes are composed of 'Eubuga' with 14 poems and 'Eububyeulgok' with 6 poems. The pleasureof his public life was well represented in these poems. 3) The work is included in his original manuscript 'Japhwewonjib' written in AD. 1664, the 5th year of King Hyeun Jong of Cho seon dynasty. 4) It seemed that the work has been mostly influenced by 'Mooyee Gugokga' of Joo Hee(AD. 1130-1200) of South Song dynasty, 'Eubusa' of Nongam Lee Hyeun Bo(AD. 1467-1555) and 'Dosan Sibyeegok' of Toegei Lee Hwang(A.D. 1501-1570) of Cho Seon dynasty.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.35
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• pp.304-319
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to investigate seasonal customs of "Hae-Dong-Jug-Ji". Cheo Yeong-hyeon was a literary man who passed away when Joseon Dynasty ruined after great change of dynasty. As the interest in the customs had also, there appeared a lot of books on common customs in each seasons. As a result, Chinese poems on the seasonal common customs turned up a great deal. Among these, "Hae-Dong-Jug-Ji" written by Cheo Yeong-hyeon is one of the representative poems which described the seasonal customs at that time. As the details of customs and lives in every work is described deliberately, the poem is very clear and realistic. This is the very achievement of the poet.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.33
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• pp.159-191
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• 2008

This study aims to look into the three-dimensional characteristics of Euniljisa (a scholar who lived in a hidden place) demonstrated in the poems of Myeongam Jeong-Sik (1683-1746, the 9th year of King Sukjong to the 22nd year of King Yeongjo), who was a scholar in the region of Yeongnam in the 18th century. Myeongam Jeongsik had a very righteous aspect in terms of integrity. He was born about 40 years after the Ching Dynasty was established. However, as shown in his pen name of 'Myeongam', he still used the Ming Dynasty as a subject of adoration and reverence, and he lived as an integral man of scholarly virtue in seclusion while refusing to have a government post during his lifetime. In his poems, there may be various discussions, but this study focused on following two aspects. First, the study reviewed his attitude toward the world, that is a retiring attitude, in looking into his works. Second, the study did not merely keep the existing two-dimensional perspective in simply reviewing a hermitage poem in the analyzing of a poem. Instead, the study attempted a three-dimensional review in seeking to see whether three items involving the fidelity and integrity of a dignified and daring person (a person who does not care about worldly views), the ambivalent emotion of Jo Wul reflected in the poem, and the delicate description and the expression of emotions, are placed in a serial relationship.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.33
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• pp.9-31
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• 2016

Shin Gwang-su (申光洙, 1712~1775), also known as Seokbuk (石北), is a well-known poet and author of the song poetry (詩唱) "Gwanseo-akbu (Poems of the Gwanseo Region, 關西樂府)" in the late Joseon Dynasty. "Gwanseo-akbu" was popular among the Joseon Dynasty musicians. This fact confirms that the tradition of adding a melody to Shin Gwang-su's "hansi (Korean poetry recorded in Chinese characters, 漢詩)" already existed in the Joseon Dynasty. It is also a proof that the hansi poem was used in songs. Besides Seokbuk, other literary figures in the Joseon Dynasty wrote and sang hansi. In that case, the place of communication for songs was a poet's personal study, or "sarangbang." But when, like the works by Seokbuk, poems were sung by musicians, they became available to the public to communicate through music. This study is one of the attempts to re-make Seokbuk Shin Gwang-su's poems and songs, once popular among the Joseon Dynasty people, into the contemporary music that can be performed on stage. By adding a certain melody to his poems, this study introduces a case of musical work and offers an opportunity to consider hansi as performance art. There is a number of hansi works by Shin Gwang-su, and each poem includes material which can help survey Shin Gwang-su's musical life. And, working on his hansi works makes it possible to narrate major events that took place in Shin's life. Thus, this study attempts to focus Shin Gwang-su's musical life and introduces methods and contents to stage his hansi poems as performance art.