• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.139-160
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• 1999

International commercial arbitrations have developed into a simple form in which both parties involved in the dispute by a contract intend to solve the dispute through the legal arbitration system. however nowadays the above traditional form taken by international projects are rarely seen and instead the form of complex arbitration in which many parties are involved has become more and more universal. The complex arbitration means not only many-sided parties concerned but also means a plural number of contract involved in conflicts, a plural number of issues involved in conflicts and a plural number of contracts though their contractors are not in a plural number. However in this report the complex arbitrations will be studied into categories as follows : 1. Pure multi-issue situations, 2. Pure multi-party situations, 3. Pure multi-contract situations. A Pure Multi-Issue arbitration basically includes a plural number of claims between the two parties concerned. A Pure Multi-party case classically presupposes an arbitration clause which involves a plural number of parties concerned. After Party A takes a legal proceeding and then Party B institutes a request to Party C in the above proceeding. In that case the problem arises on whether it is allowed to do so or not. A Pure Multi-Contract case presupposes that when Party A and Party B have independent arbitration clauses based on separate contract relations, respectively, the problem is whether both above-mentioned proceedings can be unified into one or not. As for the above-mentioned complex arbitration, though international treaties are being formed, including the WTO treaties, the NAFTA treaties, the Mercosur treaties and others, legal regulations and customs have not yet been formed domestically. The institutional preparations will be necessitated in consideration of national legal status as well as international treaty relations.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2010

Plural governance system in which firms use vertical integration and market governance simultaneously are widely used across various marketing context. Typical examples of plural governance include franchise systems, in which firms own and operate some unit themselves while licensing the operation of some of their units to franchisees. Despite many scholars have attempted to explore the structure of plural governance over decades, there are few insights into its determinants. In this study, we examine the relationship between the proportion of outlets franchised and several franchisor's characteristics based on the perspectives of transaction cost analysis, resource scarcy theory and agency theory. Using franchisor data in Korean Franchise Disclosure Document over the 2006-2009 period, we test the effect of franchisor size, system growth rate, franchise fee, initial investment, and risk sharing on the proportion of outlets franchised. Except for the effect of system growth rate, the results of a series of multiple regression analysis supported the negative effects of franchisor size, franchise fee, initial investment and risk sharing on the proportion of outlets franchised.

• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.27-44
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• 2004

We examine semantic properties of Korean plural expressions and how they are related to genericity and definiteness. First of all, Korean plural expressions provide a strong evidence for the plurality theory which discerns between the two sorts of plural individuals such as sum and group. Sum and group are clearly distinguished by morphological markers in Korean i.e., 'tul-plurals and ${\phi}$-plurals correspond to sum and group interpretations respectively. Second, the treatment of Korean bare singulars(=${\phi}$-plurals) as group accounts for why Korean generic NPs prefer bare singulars to bare plurals. Generic NPs refer to kind, and kind is a special group derived from supremum, therefore both generic NPs and bare singulars refer to group, and generic NPs are realized as bare singulars rather than bare plurals in Korean. Finally, in Korean, plurality and definiteness have little effect on each other although some connection between them has often been reported in the literature.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.191-222
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• 2010

Revisioned labour law was confirmed by vote of National Assembly on 1st January 2010. Under revisions labour law the necessity was expressed to reconstruct and change the relationship between labour and management in hospital. This study was described to investigate the operational statement of labour union in general hospital and to investigate how the labour policy would be change and which form would be appear in labour union in hospital. The survey results which was operated targeting labour managers in hospital were as follows ; first, in the possibility of plural labour unions establishment, university hospital labour managers forecasted the possibility as high. but non-university hospital labour managers forecasted the possibility as low. second, even though the plural union labours would be established in hospitals there would be no difficulties in collective bargaining between labour and management. third, the labour union activities would not be shrink even though there would be wage pay prohibition for the full-time union laboures. As the wage pay prohibition acted on the full-time union labours, countermeasures are required as follows; first, there is a possibility that there will be diversity in the form of full-time union labours. It is need to make the criterion of hospital about the limit of full-time labour union members. It is need to make the criterion of labour activities of non-working hour exception. It is need to cope with the diverse demands of labour union which aim to solve the financial burdens. As the plural labour unions are permitted it is need to make countermeasures as follows ; To analyze whether there is a possibility by the establishment of new labour to be plural labour unions. To establish the countermeasures in short-term aspect to make the countermeasures to cope with the establishment of plural labour unions. In long-term aspect to establish labour and management strategies. Henceforth, found on the revisions labour law, it is need to provide in hospitals as follows; first, it is need to prepare labour management policies and substitutes which suitable for plural labour union period. Second, it is need to determine concretely on the related matters of the union labours and to develop the conclusion guidelines which preparing infective criteria. Third, to examine the effects on the hospital organization by organizational forms of labour union which is weak in financial aspect.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1322-1323
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• 2006

This research aims to develop the multiple channel electrochemical DNA chip that has the above characteristic and be able to solve the problems. At first, we fabricated a high integration type DNA chip array by lithography technology. It is able to detect a plural genes electrochemically after immobilization of a plural probe DNA and hybridization of non-labeling target DNA on the electrodes simultaneously.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.116-121
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• 2011

This study was conducted to develop a robust navigator which could be in positioning for precision farming through developing a plural GPS receiver with 4 sets of GPS antenna. In order to improve positioning accuracy by integrating GPS signals received simultaneously, the algorithm for processing plural GPS signal effectively was designed. Performance of the algorithm was tested using a simulation program and a fixed point on WGS 84 coordinates. Results of this study are aummarized as followings. 1. 4 sets of lower grade GPS receiver and signals were integrated by kalman filter algorithm and geometric algorithm to increase positioning accuracy of the data. 2. Prototype was composed of 4 sets of GPS receiver and INS components. All Star which manufactured by CMC, gyro compass made by KVH, ground speed sensor and integration S/W based on RTOS(Real Time Operating System)were used. 3. Integration algorithm was simulated by developed program which could generate random position error less then 10 m and tested with the prototype at a fixed position. 4. When navigation data was integrated by geometrical correction and kalman filter algorithm, estimated positioning erros were less then 0.6 m and 1.0 m respectively in simulation and fixed position tests.

• 복식
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.190-201
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• 2007

The purpose of this study Is to reinterpret sexuality represented in modern fashion with the conception of plural sexuality from post-structuralism in socio-semiotic approach. It consists of two parts.: The first part provides the theoretical background and the methodological framework of this study. The second part ultimately accomplishes this study by empirical research, which is to infer plural sexuality articulated with fashion images in men's and women's popular fashion magazines in Korea since 2000 and sexual ideology signified in modern fashion. In this part the theoretical background was focused on the conception of sexuality on the basis of Foucault's idea, and then the framework for this study was made up from socio-semiotic perspective. The conception of sexuality in Foucauldian post-structural idea maintains the view of plural sexuality, which floats by power relationship between dominant and oppositional discourses in a specific historical context. Socio-semiotics suggests a contextual methodology to analyze the phenomena of material culture by articulating the range of material objects with that of ideology. The socio-semiotic model applied to sexuality represented in fashion is the framework of classifying into the several versions of fashion images from fashion as a material object and then inferring sexual ideology codified in them. In addition, three stages of producer/object/user in socio-semiotics were revised into 'dominant sexuality' with mainstream fashion out of dominant discourses,'oppositional sexuality' to create anti-fashion from oppositional discourses of subculture, and 'alternative sexuality' to be appropriated to dominant discourses by the mix of mainstream fashion and anti-fashion.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2021

본 연구는 주어-동사 일치에 대한 3가지 유형의 통사적 분석을 제공한다. 주어-동사의 수일치는 주어와 서술어간의 연쇄를 체계적으로 설명하기 때문에 이는 핵-핵 일치 또는 계층적 구조에 작용하는 상방향과 하방향 자질침투라는 순수한 통사적 분석으로 제안되어야 한다. 주어-동사 일치의 오류는 선형적 근접성이나 최소간섭이 아닌 일치의 목표와 국소적 유인자인 명사 사이의 계층적 관계에 의해 영향을 받는다. 본 연구의 자료로 수식어로서의 전치사구 PP 또는 관계절 CP를 포함하는 복합 명사구를 분석하며 이때 복수자질 [+PL]이 강 자질로서 일치오류의 국소 유인자이다. 따라서 일치오류는 화자들이 수식어 전치사구의 복수 명사구 때문에 주절의 단수 주어를 복수로 잘못 분석하거나 복수 주어의 영향으로 수식어 관계절안의 단수 주어가 복수로 잘못 분석되어 관계절 안의 동사가 복수형으로 잘못된 일치 오류가 일어나는 경향이 있다. 즉, 주어-동사 일치는 구조가 형성되는 과정에 내재적으로 불일치하는 일은 없고 특정한 구성소 표현이 국소 유인자로 오인되어 단지 언어분석처리 중에 조작되어 나타난다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.219-230
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• 2009

The purpose of this paper is to study characters' make-up coordination that changes the narrative of the fantasy movies to a visual fantasy, especially it focuses on the post-modern features from the works of Tim Burton, a post-modernist. The contents of the study are, firstly, studying post-modernism that influenced the works of Tim Burton, secondly, researching (1988), (1989), (1990), (1992), (2003) and (2005) and their main characters' make-up design. Thirdly, analyzing the otherness and plural-code that are the post-modern characteristics expressed on characters' make-up coordination of fantasy movies. The otherness means the division of the middle and the surroundings and the rise of the outsiders. Fantasy characters that scares off human such as ghosts, aliens, apes, kidults, mutations, man-made men are in the middle. The plural-code takes the symbolic and pluralistic dimension in to the movie, mixes the sign system, and which natural and supernatural system cross over. In the movies, Beetle Juice who was both ghost and devil expresses life and death, Bat man, Cat woman, Penguin man expresses human and animal, and Edward means human and inhuman. Willy Wonka's makeup makes him look younger, but his grown-up-like clothes show doubleness. For that matter, make-up coordination is the mirror of reflection of period and human being's inner life.