• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.65-76
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• 2001

The study background is that Mo-Jung happens as the produce of the agricultural society but it is not easy to find it beside Ho-nam area. Because of this, it results construction has. The study progress is to understand the happening time, and regional cause the Mo-Jung construction has. The study progress is to understand the happening time of Mo-Jung, constructional meaning, and the meaning of Mo-Jung with the investigation method of literature consideration of the village society, data of the existing study, survey investigation, interview, and question through the process of analyzing the characteristics of differentiation of the village and Dure organization. 1. Mo-Jung construction has the meaning of vernacular construction reflecting the meaning of village community intensively as an element comprising the village, and the territory of Mo-Jung space is revealed as the male space. 2. The economic wealth of the village community and the image reflecting the community sense are stood out. 3. It is the reason why Mo-Jung construction is limited to Ho-nam area and is explained as the life style difference each village community has, the regional characteristic difference Dae-dong play of Yong.Ho-nam areas have, etc. so to speak. 4. It is estimated that the happening time of Mo-Jung is after the 18th century when the agricultural As my suggestion, Mo-Jung construction is the construction phenomenon reflecting the phenomenon of social change directly and it is to suggest the possibility of approaching the regional housing construction as the life style difference the life community of each area has is reflected. production quantity was increased and Dure organization was activated.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.3-11
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• 2010

This survey study aims to explore the school area standards for elementary, middle and high schools. Traditionally the school site has been recognized as a space of teaching and learning for students. Though its functions and needs have recently been changing from the areas for physical education and training to for various activities such as recreation, play, communication, informal and social areas etc. Moreover the school site is also a critical component of community life. Many communities have a significant shortfall in the amount of park and open space land available and accessible for use. In this viewpoint the standards of school facilities should develop a comprehensive approach to insure that students and residents are provided the opportunity to engage in appropriate types and amounts of everyday's activities during the school day and after school. In doing so, it surveys the school areas of the existing schools and the new schools built in Dongtan City. Finally, it points out the problems of government's regulation for school facilities and proposes the adequate directions for school area standards. This study would help to plan the optimum size of school area and ground and the reasonable expenditure for school facilities.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.95-107
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• 2017

The purpose of the study is to analyze the planning characteristics of outdoor space in apartment complexes in terms of child-care environment. We selected 8 apartment complexes in Cheongju, within three years from construction, of small and medium-sized apartments ($60-85m^2$) where a large number of families with young children are presumed to reside in. As a result of the study, it was found that whereas the factors that can be quantified such as the floor height differences, the angles of ramps, and the number of the rest facilities are excellent, the qualitative part which cannot be easily quantified such as the location and direction of the rest facility and play materials should be improved a lot. And the following improvements were suggested; separating the pedestrian passage from the vehicle road in the main entrance of the complex, utilizing the piloti for infant caring, making the entrance area of apartment safe for pedestrians from vehicles, reallocating resting spaces, redesigning resting spaces safer to infants, building or reallocating existing booths at the stops of kindergarten buses, redesigning the square safer from vehicles with shades, making it possible for guardians to watch infants in playing field from the resting space, allocating natural environments essential for child development.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2017

As fast-speed of aging in modern society has led to increased concern for aging and health improvement of senior citizens, desire about having healthy living-environment has also increased. Living space for senior citizens has to play role of healing for their body feature as well as decrease in mental and psychological function. Color, as important factor that supplements degenerated sense and coping ability caused by aging, it has been revealed through modern medical science that color is effective for making nervous or calming down when it is delivered to one's nerve through sight. The purpose of this study is to suggest basic resource for color arrangement palette of living space and application method by color therapy to improve seniors' mental health by considering psychological and physical features caused by aging. First, consider psychological and physical feature of seniors and color therapy effect through previous research. Second, extract RGB value after selecting color that is helpful for their mental health by using palette from 'Korea Agency for Technology and Standards'. Third, extract other 3 colors that are similar with extracted color from 'NCS 1950 Color System'. Fourth, deduct palette of 3 color arrangement by using 'NCS Navigator' program. Lastly, extract arrangement palette for them by considering difference in visual features, and then suggest arrangement application for each palette through Computer Simulation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.23
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• pp.124-131
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• 2000

In the nowadays years our city's housing environment which progresses rapidly social-economical development is posited the role in the nowadays multi-family housing brings about the individualism of the nowadays city, and makes muddy neighborhood meaning, and the quality of the nowadays city dwelling house environment becoming worse. This study was started with the cognition of the need of intermediate-space, in the our life in the neighborhood city. Intermediate-spaces, has same meaning to come into the action of consciousness of the neighborhood. For the improvement of the quality of city housing, we should cleary recognized the individual territory after we set the proper in intermediate-zone in the multi-family housing. Therefore, this study inquires ito the meaning of intermediate-zone, and catches the formation technique of intermediate-zone and the method of plan through the investigation of the use cases of the multi-family housing which is established intermediate-territory. and then I analyze the role of the formative space by this method. By this method, I grope for the effect of the use through the alternative plan of the design method of the intermediate-zone. If the methods of play use the role in the nowadays multi-family housing, high quality will build up.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.269-278
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• 2003

Microtunneling techniques play a crucial role in the construction of pipelines. In this paper shows the automatic tunneling algorithm of microtunneling system by using fuzzy logic technology to assist operators assuring the quality of microtunneling construction. To have effective output value of fuzzy controller, we slightly modified the conventional defuzzificaton methods. The proposed automatic tunneling algorithm shows good tunneling results comparable with those of experts.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.48.2-48.2
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• 2013

We present the near-infrared spectra (2.5-5.0 um) of shocked $H_2$ gas, observed with the Infrared Camera onboard the satellite AKARI. Two supernova remnants, IC 443 and HB 21, were observed. IC 443 shows a hint of non-equilibrium ortho-to-para ratio (OPR): 2.4 (-0.2, +0.3). HB 21 also shows an indication of a potential non-equilibrium OPR: 1.8-2.0. These non-equilibrium OPRs are first reported for shocked $H_2$ gas at E(v,J) > 7000 K, as far as we are aware. We concluded that the non-equilibrium OPR probably originates from dissociative J-shocks, considering several factors such as the shock combination requirement, the line ratios, and the possibility that $H_2$ gas can form on grains with a non-equilibrium OPR. The difference in the collision energy of H atoms on grain surfaces would give rise to the observed difference between the OPRs of IC 443 and HB 21, if dissociative J-shocks are responsible for the $H_2$ emission. Our study suggests that shocked-then-cooled $H_2$ gas may play as a heat reservoir with the non-equilibrium OPR.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.33.3-34
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• 2016

We explored the GALEX UV properties of optical red sequence galaxies in 4 rich Abell clusters at z ~ 0.1. In particular, we tried to find a hint of merger-induced recent star formation (RSF) in red sequence galaxies. Based on the NUV - r' colors of the galaxies, about 36% of the post-merger galaxies were classified as RSF galaxies with a conservative criterion (NUV - $r^{\prime}{\leq}5$), and that number was doubled (~ 72%) when using a generous criterion (NUV - $r^{\prime}{\leq}5.4$). Post-merger galaxies with strong UV emission showed more violent, asymmetric features on the deep optical images. Also it turned out that all massive RSF galaxies (Mr' < -22 and NUV - $r^{\prime}{\leq}5$) exhibited post-merger signatures. Our results suggested that only 30% of RSF red sequence galaxies show morphological hints of recent galaxy mergers. This implies that internal processes (e.g., stellar mass-loss or hot gas cooling) for the supply of cold gas to early-type galaxies may play a significant role in the residual star formation of early-type galaxies at a recent epoch.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.67.3-68
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• 2016

We present evidence of the bar driven secular evolution on disks from z~0.8 to z~0.01. Using $3.6{\mu}m$ images of nearby galaxies from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G) and images from the Cosmological Evolution Survey (COSMOS), we find that barred galaxies show a light deficit in the disk surrounding the bar within the bar radius. We quantify this light deficit and find that galaxies with a stronger bar (longer, higher Bar/T) show a more pronounced light deficit. We examine snapshots from N-body simulations and confirm that as a barred galaxy evolves, the bar becomes longer and the light deficit becomes more pronounced. Theoretical studies have predicted that bars evolve by capturing nearby disk stars and employing them to make the bar more elongated and stronger. Therefore the light deficit in the disk is likely produced by bars, and thus bars play a major role in shaping their host galaxies, redistributing not only the gaseous but also the stellar mass within galaxies, with important consequences to their subsequent evolution.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.145-155
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the awareness of apartment residents on their using tendency of community facilities established in apartment complex in order to verify a role that such facilities play in making contributions to lives of apartment dwellers and to analyze their using tendency of the facilities and subsequent problems. The study produced the important findings as follows. First, the level of exchange among residents and their satisfaction were raised high in the apartment complex that offered substantial community facilities. Second, in regard to physical aspect, community activities among dwellers were brisk in the apartment complex where community facilities were organically connected. Third, fitness center, shower room and golf course were excessive in terms of space provided while the space alloted for G.X room, a place used exclusively for class, was insufficient. Fourth, the analysis of using tendency and preference level showed that fitness center, shower room and G.X room were the required facilities. The rooms for using PCs and watching DVDs and the singing room were found to be unnecessary because such facilities were low in the effectiveness when the operating cost was considered.