• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2014

팔레놉시스 PLB (protocorm-like bodies) 조직을 이용하여 대량증식 및 신초재분화 체계 확립을 위하여 다양한 증식배지, 액체배지와 고체배지의 효과, sucrose 농도 등이 PLB 증식과 신초 재분화에 효과가 있는지 그리고 활성탄소, citric acid 및 ascorbic acid 등이 팔레놉시스 PLB 배양시 갈변화 현상을 감소하는데 효과가 있는지 알아 보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 난과 식물에서 증식배지로 널리 사용되는 VW, HCa, Orchimax 및 Kudson C 배지 중 VW 배지가 PLB 증식에서 타 배지와 비교해서 최소 1.3배에서 최대 2배의 증식효율 그리고 신초 재분화에서도 50% 이상 높은 효율을 보여 주었다. 최적 배지로 선정된 VW배지에 apple powder 및 banana powder를 첨가한 VWAB 배지를 기반으로 액체 및 고체배양에서 PLB 증식효율과 신초재분화율을 비교한 결과, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 발견되지 않았다. Sucrose 농도를 0 ~ 50 g 처리한 실험에서는 PLB 증식과 재분화 효율 둘 다 10 g 처리구에서 가장 좋은 결과를 보여 주었다. 마지막으로 팔레놉시스 PLB 증식 및 재분화 과정에서 자주 발생하는 갈변화를 감소시키기 위하여 활성탄소, citric acid와 ascorbic acid를 처리한 실험에서는 활성탄소 1 g이 1.5%의 가장 낮은 갈변율을 나타내었다. 이러한 실험결과는 향후 팔레놉시스 PLB를 이용한 대량증식 및 재분화 체계 확립에 크게 기여하리라 판단된다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제22권1_2호
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• pp.5-14
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• 1979

In several leguminous plants such as acasia, arrowroot and bushclover, growth rate and contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the tissues and the variation in the culture media were determined. In water cultrue which was free of added nutrients, nitrogen was found to be largely in the form of nitrate(NO3-N). This NO3-N is believed to be the result of nitrification from NH4-N which was apparently released form the plants. From the studies of organ culture with root segments, the amount of nitrogen released and absorbed was found to be proportional to the amount added to the mediuim. Especially, in the N-plot, the amount of nitrogen absorbed by the tissue reached more than 90% of the amount supplied to the medium already in early stage. On the contrary, in the amount free plot, the amount of nitrogen released from the tissue was lower than the minimum level in the N-plot. The amount of total N and P in the cultured tissue was found to be influenced by the amount of nitrogen addedin the medium. However, the amount of K in the tissue was not related to the nitrogen level in the medium, but rather it was influenced by the amount of added potassium. These findings present little difference in the metabolic pattern among the three species plants studied, and suggest that the woody leguminous plants have some common features in tehir metabolic pattern.

• Plant Resources
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.205-210
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• 2003

Ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is a perennial herbaceous plant which grows very slowly. It takes about 3 to 4 years from seeding to collecting the ripe seeds and the ginseng propagation is very difficult. and so, it is very difficult to breed ginseng plant. Ginseng tissue culture was started from at 1960, and ginseng commercial product by in vitro callus culture was saled, however upto now, regenerants were not planted to soil normally. Recently, plant genetic engineering to produce transgenic plants by introducing useful genes has been advanced greatly. In a present paper, transformation of ginseng plants was achieved by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium harboring the binary vector coding Proteinase-II gene, which confer resistant or tolerant to insect pests, The binary vector for transformation was constructed with disarmed Ti-plasmid and with double 35S promoter. The NPT II gene and introduced genes of the transgenic ginseng plants were successfully identified by the PCR. Especially the transgenic ginseng plants were regenerated using new techniques such as repetitive single somatic embryogenesis.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2019

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea on strawberry plants is an economically significant disease in Korea. The rates for diseased fruits are high during the strawberry harvesting period from December to February, especially in hydroponic cultivation. This study assessed the effect of the nitrogen type in the soil culture and the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution in a hydroponic culture on the gray mold incidence in 'Seolhyang' strawberry plants. The nitrogen sources assayed included calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CN4), calcium nitrate decahydrate (CN10), ammonium sulfate (AS), and commercial fertilizer 213 (213). The effect of the EC was tested at 0.5, 0.8, 1.0, and $1.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. The occurrence of gray mold varied according to the nitrogen type. The disease incidence and nitrogen content for the main nitrogen type were higher compared to the non-treated control. The AS treatment showed the highest occurrence of tipburn and gray mold. The incidence of gray mold as well as the nitrogen and phosphorus content of the leaves increased as the EC level was increased. These results indicate that the incidence of gray mold in strawberry plants is related to the nitrogen content of the leaf and the EC of the nutrient solution.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.54-60
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• 2019

Plant tissue culture techniques offer quick methods of regeneration of plants of medicinal importance but the survival chances of such plants are always questionable when shifted to the in vivo conditions. The present study enumerates the micromorphological developments in the leaves of in vitro regenerated and field transferred plantlets of Oldenlandia umbellata. The leaves developed in vitro after $4^{th}$ subcultures of multiplication phase and after 6 weeks of field transferred plants were used. Statistically significant differences in the number of stomata, veins, raphides, crystals and trichome density per square mm were observed. The improvements in stomatal apparatus and density (decreased from 41.85 to 32.20), developments in leaf architectural parameters and emergence of defense mechanism through increased numbers of raphides (8 to 15), crystals and trichomes (13.5 to 18.2) proved acclimation of tissue culture raised plantlets from in vitro to the in vivo environments lead to 100 % success in field establishment of the plantlets. The in vitro induced foliar abnormalities (changes in stomata, venation pattern, vein density, trichomes, crystals etc.) were repaired while hardening of plantlets in the greenhouse and finally in the field. The observed micromorphological response of leaves under altered environmental conditions could help in determination of proper stage of field transfer and prediction of survival percentage of in vitro regenerated O. umbellata plantlets.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.128.3-129
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• 2003

A leaf blight disease caused by a species of Phytophthora has been observed on castor bean plants growing near dwelling houses in Manchon-dong, Daegu since 1993. The first isolate that we have kept was producing papillate, ovoid-obpyriform to obpyriform sporangia with on a simple sympodial sporangiophore from diseased tissue placed on water agar plates. The pure isolate, however, did not sporulate on agar media, and rarely even in water, but produced mycelial swellings and chlamydospores in water. Sporangia measured 26.1-77.4 ${\times}$ 23.2-44.0$\mu\textrm{m}$. Chlamydospores were either terminal or intercalary, and measured 24-29.4$\mu\textrm{m}$ in diameter. Sex organs were not formed in a single culture. In 2003, another pure isolate was isolated from castor bean plants with similar symptoms at the same place. The second isolate was distinct from the first one in that the second isolate was readily and abundantly sporulating on V8 juice agar plates. Sporangia of the second isolate were papillate, ovoid and caduceus with a pedicel. Sporangia measured 19.5-48.8 x 17.6-34.3$\mu\textrm{m}$ with 3.7$\mu\textrm{m}$ high papilla and 4.1$\mu\textrm{m}$ long pedicel. No sex organs were formed in a single isolate culture. Both isolates were pathogenic on castor bean plants. Results of the efforts to identify the two species of Phytophthora will be discussed.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.167-180
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate effective ways to meet social and cultural interest in and needs of gardens and gardening. A total of 191 respondents who answered they were living in Gyeongnam region in the questionnaire were selected: 102 (53.4%) were males and 89 (46.6%) were females. In frequency of garden visits, 45% of the respondents answered they visited gardens once a year. Their preferred companion was family (43.6%), followed by friends/colleagues (24.3%). Their important motives of garden visits included admiration of gardens' scenery and ambience, pleasure in being outdoors, relaxing mentally and physically, and appreciation of plants. Relatively less important motives included understanding or educating about nature and environmental conservation, and interest in garden design and horticulture techniques. In the overall assessment of gardens and gardening, the quality of the establishment, management and operation of botanic gardens and arboreta in Gyeongnam region scored 3.32 scale, which was close to the level of 'fair.' Also, the respondents agreed at 3.91 scale that it was necessary to improve the garden creation, gardening, and garden culture. Meanwhile, many people in Gyeongnam region did not clearly understand differences between garden and public park, also had a very obscure perception of public garden. The results of importance-performance analysis (IPA) indicated that it is necessary to concentrate on directing and developing some programs such as admiration of beautiful and exotic plants, and education on garden culture including garden making and horticultural techniques.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2019

Objectives : The aim of the research is to study the edible parts and cooking methods for the Korean medicinal plants using documents of Japanese occupation era. Through this study, we expect that it will be used as a basis data on further Korean traditional edible herb. Methods : The research analyze the usage of 74 species of medicinal plants that are listed in the 『Wild Food Plants of Chosen(Korea)』 along with analyzing 8 extra documents about famine relief plants and cooking method written during Japanese occupation. Results : The result shows that the sprouts and buds are the most popular for the edible purposes but they are never used for medical reason. Roots and fruits take the highest percentage when it comes to medical purposes. Types of medicinal plants that were used a lot of cooking methods were side dishes such as 'Namul, Saengchae, Jangajji'. Conclusions : Using medicinal plants for edible and medical purposes were traditionally familiar with Korean culture but the changes provoked by industrialization forbid the knowledge to pass through. However, recently, the trend of having a healthy life interests people to backtrack this traditional way of using medicinal plants with new purposes. To inherit traditional knowledge and for the future development of Korean traditional ingredients, further research should be conducted.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-40
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• 2001

벼의 약배양 배지 내에 콜히친 첨가에 의한 염색체 배가 방법을 확립하기 위하여, 콜히친의 농도를 0.001∼0.1 mg/L까지 조절하여 약배양하였을 때 콜히친의 농도가 증가할수록 캘러스 형성률과 식물체 분화율은 점점 감소하였으며, 그 감소폭은 농도가 증가됨에 따라 점점 커지는 경향이었다. 자포니카 3품종과 통일형 1품종을 콜히친이 첨가되지 않은 배지에 약배양하였을 때 반수체의 출현빈도가 50%이상 높게 나타난 반면, 이배체는 40% 이하의 낮은 발생빈도를 나타내었다. 그러나 0.001 mg/L의 콜히친이 약배양 배지에 첨가될 경우 품종에 따라 다소간의 차이는 있으나, 반수체의 출현빈도는 상대적으로 감소되고 이배체의 발생 비율이 54.3∼60%로 증가하였다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.361-365
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• 2011

To evaluate the indoor air quality of food manufacturing plants, the presence of viable bacteria and fungi was assessed in the indoor air of the facilities at which 9 food items were manufactured. Air samples were collected from the general zone, low clean zone and clean zone of each factory with an air sampler, in combination with plate counts agar using for bacteria, and dichloran-glycerol agar for fungi. The samples were incubated at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 to 7 days. After culture, the colony forming units (CFU) on each plate were counted and corrected with a positive hole conversion table. The average concentration of bacteria was $2.2{\times}10^3\;CFU/m^3$ in the general zone, $1.2{\times}10^3\;CFU/m^3$ in the low clean zone and $7.3{\times}10^2\;CFU/m^3$ in the clean zone. The average concentration of fungal microbes was $2.5{\times}10^3\;CFU/m^3$ in the general zone, $2.6{\times}10^3\;CFU/m^3$ in the low clean zone, and $2.0{\times}10^2\;CFU/m^3$ in the clean zone. No meaningful differences were detected between the general zone and the low clean zone, but the clean zone had significantly lower concentrations than the other zones. Additionally, the identification of the fungi was performed according to morphological method using a giant culture and slide culture. The fungi were identified as belonging to 18 genera, and the genera Cladosporium(33%), Penicillium(29%) and Aspergillus(26%), predominated. Aspergillus isolates were identified to species level, and A. ochraceus, a mycotoxigenic species, was identified. As part of the effort to control the quality of the indoor air of food manufacturing plants, our results show that continued studies are clearly warranted.