• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.89-104
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out to the development of ecological planting model to make up of coastal windbreak forest on the Suncheon-bay in Sucheon-si, Korea. Make up of coastal windbreak forest in this site was needed for appropriate bioresource, biodiversity and ecological structure, and for conservation of the eco-tour resource and protection of human life and property by the unforeseen disaster from the coast. Based on the plant-social principle, the planting model of windbreak forest was developed to facilitate growth of trees, considering planting locations. The ecological planting model for the coastal windbreak was composed of warm temperate evergreen and windbreak forest which is spreading around the inland area in Korea. The horizontal forest style was composed of forest edge community and inner forest community, and the vertical forest style was composed of upper, middle, low and ground planting class. The target of the present model was quasi-natural forest, and the species of tree were selected based on the adaptability to surroundings depending on a goal to create a forest and forest style. To achieve both functions of wind break forest and visual effect in short period of time, small trees and seedlings were planted with high-density of 40,000/ha in an expectation of easy natural maintenance in the future. The significance of the present study is a suggestion for a guideline to create ecological coastal windbreak forest in the Suncheon-bay in which the harmony of human life and the ecological conservation is of great importance. Also, the ecological coastal windbreak forest model should be developed further through the long term monitoring after construction of forest.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.61 no.2
• /
• pp.104-112
• /
• 2016

A double-cropping system with soybean (Glycine max) following the cultivation of potato, garlic, and onion is widely adopted in the southern region of Korea. For this system, marginal dates for planting must be determined for profitable soybean yields, because the decision to plant soybean as a second crop is occasionally delayed by harvest of the first crop and weather conditions. In order to investigate the effect of planting date on soybean yield, three cultivars (early and late maturity) were planted on seven different dates from May 1 to July 30 in both paddy and upland fields across 2012 and 2013. Soybean yields were significantly different among the planting dates and the cultivars; however, the interaction between cultivar and planting date was not significant. Based on linear regression, the maximum yield of soybean was reached with a June 10 planting date, with a sharp decline in yield for crops planted after this date. The results of this study were consistent with those of a previous one that recommends early and mid-June as the optimum planting period. Regardless of soybean ecotype, a reduction in yield of greater than 20% occurred when soybean was planted after mid-July. Frost during soybean growth can reduce yields, and the late maturity cultivars planted on July 30 were damaged by frost before completing maturation and harvest; however, early maturity cultivars were safely harvested. For sufficient time to develop and reach profitable yields, the planting of soybean before mid-July is recommended.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.839-845
• /
• 2018

As a solution to the rural shortage of labor, mechanization crop production is necessary, but in some cases, the mechanization can cause problems such as a decrease in products due to the expansion of the necessary moderate workspace. The purpose of this study was to compare the yields of pepper by the planting-density for the mechanization of pepper cultivation. Experiments were done with three planting-density levels of $900{\times}300mm^2$(A-T), $1200{\times}450mm^2$(B-T), and $1500{\times}600mm^2$(C-T). In the analysis of growth, the highest values in plant height and thickness and the number of branches were observed with the B-T. C-T showed the highest values in the number of green-pepper and red-pepper and weight of the green-pepper and red-pepper, followed by B-T and A-T. In the analysis of growth, it was concluded that the proportion of the pepper body to the total length increased as the planting-density decreased. C-T had the biggest maximum diameter of the body, followed by B-T and A-T. On the other hand, A-T had the biggest minimum diameter of the body, followed by B-T and C-T. It was judged that the larger the planting-density was, the shorter the length was and the thicker the form was. As a result of measuring the chromaticity, there was no significant statistical difference in quality. Based on the experiment results, the ranking in total yields was in the order of C-T, B-T, and A-T. The reduced planting-density seemed to increase the productivity, while the labor intensity and time were reduced due to the improvement of the working environment.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.27 no.A
• /
• pp.31-38
• /
• 2007

Recently produced concrete has a tendency to overcome environmental defects. Porous and planting Eco-concrete requires the neutralization process and enough void in concrete to contain water, to pass air freely, and provides necessary nutrients to vegetation roots. The biological environment in concrete is not suitable for planting because the concrete possesses strong alkali constituent of pH 11-13. This study evaluated the strength and serviceability of concrete as well as the chemical characteristics of concrete mixed by low-grade iron ore left in the abandoned mine and treated by Ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$. Test variables include two kinds of coarse aggregates such as crushed stones and low-grade iron ore, the duration time and the period for neutralization treatment by Ammonium monohydrogen phosphate, $(NH_4)_2HPO_4$, and the proportion ratio of cement, blast furnace slag and silica fume.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• v.22
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2004

Pod-edible bean or snap bean is a fairly new crop to domestic farmers but the national demand is steadily increasing in recent years along with the development of western food business and change in dietary patterns. At the same time, much efforts are being made to export it to foreign country, mainly to Japan. The amount of seeds introduced from outside is also continuously increasing along with the enlargement of area planted for the crop. Hybridization breeding for the crop has already been started to supply the cheaper and better seeds which will reduce the seed costs and foster the higher income to the farmers. In this experiment, several technologies related with the production of quality seeds are preliminary investigated. Some of the results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Highly significant interaction was recognized between planting dates and no. of pods per plant and no. of branches but no interaction between planting dates and plant height and no. of nodes on main stem. Days to maturity was proportionally reduced to later planting dates. 2. Rate of viviparous pods and seeds was gradually increased in later planting dates but rate of germination was increased in earlier planting dates with lower germination rate in white seed coat grains than in colored seed ones. 3. Seed yield was higher in the earlier planting dates with a great deal of varietal difference. Early to mid April was considered to he the optimum planting dates for snap bean in Kyungbuk area. High correlation was recognized between seed yield and no. of pods per plant, no. of seeds per plant, and 100 seed weight. 4. Days to flowering was three and seven days longer in Cheongsong, high mountainous area than in Kunwi, somewhat prairie lowland. One hundred seed weight was also higher in Cheongsong than in Kunwi. Rate of viviparous grains, pods, and decayed seeds was higher in Cheongsong but, at the same time, the rate of germination and seed yield was also higher in Cheongsong. 5. One hundred seed weight of KLG5007 increased continuously up to 35days after flowering and decreased thereafter but that of KLG50027 increased to 40days after flowering and slowly reduced thereafter. The content of crude oil reached to maximum at 40 days after flowering and reduced thereafter. The rate of germination in Gangnangkong 1 was the highest, 89.3%, at 35 days after flowering and reduced thereafter while that in KLG50027 reached to maximum, 70.7%. at 40days after flowering and reduced thereafter. Thus, the optimum harvesting time for snap bean was considered to be 35~40days after flowering. 6. The snap bean pods at yellow bean stage easily became viviparous ones under saturated moisture conditions for 24 hours at $25{\sim}30^{\circ}C$. Therefore, it is recommended to harvest pods somewhat earlier than yellow-bean stage and let them do post maturing, especially when it is to be rained.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.151-156
• /
• 1986

Two soybean cultivars different in plant type, Hwanggeumkong and Suweon-125, were planted under two different planting densities to investigate the proper planting densities after barley crops. The results obtained are summarized as follow: 1. No apparent varietal differences due to the planting densities were observed in flowering time and maturity. 2. The number of nodes of main stem showed significant differences between plant types, while they were not significantly different between planting densities. The number and length of branches per plant were apparently decreased as the planting densities were higher. 3. The number of pods per plant, and number and weight of grain per plant decreased as the planting densities increased and they showed also significant differences between planting densities. However, the number of pods, and number and weight of grain per unit land area were increased as the planting densities increased. 4. The grain yield per 10a showed significant cultivar difference under different planting densities. The Hwanggeumkong, determinate type, showed highest grain yield at the planting densities of $60{\times}7.5cm$, while Suweon-125, indeterminate type, highest at the planting densities of $60{\times}5.0cm$.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.62 no.4
• /
• pp.367-372
• /
• 2017

This work was conducted to identify sweet potato [(Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.)] cultivars showing high yield and processing suitability in the Jeonbuk region of Korea. Shoot-slips (30 cm in length) of 14 cultivars were planted with a planting density of $75{\times}25cm$ on May 30, and cultivated with black film mulching. Vine elongation at 30 days after planting was significantly increased (> 90 cm) in 'Dahomi' and 'Sinhwangmi', and was excellent (> 250 cm) 120 days after planting in 'Sinhwangmi', 'Shinyulmi', 'Daeyumi', 'Jinhongmi', and 'Yeonhwangmi'. The branch number per plant showed a dramatic increase in 'Shinzami' 30 and 120 days after planting. The leaf number per plant showed the highest increase in 'Shinzami' 30 days and in 'Sinhwangmi' 120 days after planting. Total weight, mean weight, and number of marketable tubers per plant were significantly higher 150 days after planting than that 120 days after planting. Marketable tuber yield at 120 days was high, over 2.5 ton/10a in 'Daeyumi', 'Dahomi', and 'Jeonmi', and was considerably increased, from 3.2 ton/10a to 3.5 ton/10a, 150 days after planting. Total weight of marketable tubers per plant and marketable tuber yield 120 and 150 days after planting had significant positive correlations with vine length and number of nodes 30 days after planting. Starch value was significantly higher 150 days after planting than that 120 days after planting. 'Daeyumi' and 'Jeonmi' had good growth vigor, high yield, and high starch content; 'Dahomi' also exhibited beneficial traits such as good growth vigor, high yield, and bright orange-colored flesh.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.68 no.4
• /
• pp.431-437
• /
• 2023

This study evaluated the ecological characteristics related to spike heading time of three Korean foxtail millet cultivars, i.e., one early and two late maturities, and a finger millet cultivar in the north-central region of the Korean Peninsula, Kangwon Province. The changes in heading time occurred due to the changes in planting time from mid-May to late June. The heading time of the early-maturity cultivars was early August, with 80 days required for heading (DH) for the mid-May planting; late August, with 65 DHs for the late June planting; and mid-late August, with 100 DHs and mid-October, with 65 DHs, respectively, for the late-maturity cultivars. The accumulated temperature at heading time ranged from 1,700℃ of mid-May planting to 1,500℃ of late June planting in the early-maturity cultivars. In contrast, it ranged from 2,100℃ to 1,900℃ in the late-maturity cultivars. The photoperiod at heading time ranged from 14.0 h to 13.2 h in the early-maturity cultivars, whereas it was from 13.2 h to 12.5 h in the late-maturity cultivars. Considering that the limiting heading time of Korean foxtail millet and finger millet in the northern region of Kangwon Povince is late August, the limiting accumulated temperature at the heading time was evaluated to be approximately 1,500℃ and 2,000℃ for early and late-maturity cultivars, respectively. The mean daily temperature from planting to heading time showed a negative correlation with the DH, which was shortened with the increase in mean daily temperature. This suggests that delaying the planting time from May to June in the north-central region of the Korean Peninsula increases the mean daily temperature during vegetative growth periods, resulting in the decrease of the DH and the accumulated temperature.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.428-432
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to develop and investigate integrated mechanization system for culture of carrot. Compared with the conventional hand planting, use of a mechanical planter for pelleted seeds resulted in a saving of planting time by 225 hours. An additional saving of 460 hours was obtained for thinning the seedlings. Besides seeds could be saved by 72%, planting and thinning be done only in 35 hours per ha field when the pelleted seeds were planted with a planter. Work hour reduced by adopting the mechanical planting of pelleted seeds sharply contrasted to that of 720 hours required for hand-planting the thinning hours, resulting in a reduction of labor by more than 95%. SMP followed pelleting tended not only to increase the percentage of seedling emergence in the field but to induce an a day earlier germination.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
• /
• 2022.10a
• /
• pp.55-55
• /
• 2022

Purple com Saekso 1 was developed by Maize Research Institute (Hongcheon, Gangwon, Korea) and registered in 2011. Saekso 1 is a anthocyanin-rich hybrid variety that is yellow grain, purple husk and cob. Purple husk and cob of Saekso 1 is as a resource for the bioactive material by health food. In order to investigate optimum sowing date and planting density of Saekso 1. Agronomic characteristics were compared by sowing times April 25, May 15 and June 5. Husk dry weight were 68,72 and 70kg·10a-1, respectively. Cob dry weight were 90, 92 and 92kg·10a-1, respectively. Content of cyanidin-3-glucoside in husk were 0.56, 0.62 and 0.56% and in cob were 0.19, 0.14 and 0.17%. Therefore, the sowing time to increase husk and cob weight and content of cyanidin-3-glucoside is appropriate for planting in mid-May. The number of plants in planting density trial was 9,400, 7,000, 5,700 and 4,700 plants in 10a area. Plant height at each trial were 249, 250, 246 and 248cm, respectively. Husk dry weight were 76, 67 and 63 and 60kg·10a-1, respectively. Cob dry weight were 112, 92, 87 and 81kg·10a-1, respectively. Content of cyanidin-3-glucoside in husk were 0.70, 0.71, 0.71 and 0.75% and in cob were 0.21, 0.28, 0.26 and 0.20%. Therefore, appropriate sowing time was in mid-May and planting density was 5,700~7,000 plants·10a-1 in order to increase the yield and content of cyanidin-3-glucoside of purple com in South Korea.