• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.182-185
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• 2009

Amoora cucullata (Meliaceae), a mangrove plant, has folkloric reputation as a medicinal agent in Bangladesh. In this study, the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of the stem bark of this plant were subjected to microbiological investigation and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. In case of antimicrobial screening, the ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts appeared to be potent in terms of both zone of inhibition and spectrum of activity showing the average zones of inhibition 8 - 14 mm and 9 - 16 mm, respectively. In the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, the methanolic extract demonstrated highest cytotoxicity having $LC_{50}$ of $0.549{\mu}g/ml$, whereas the ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract showed $LC_{50}$ of 7.943 and $17.180{\mu}g/ml$, respectively.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2002

It was found that the purified extract from A. gigas Nakai (polysaccharide, M.W., 25 kD) controled differentiating human ES cells. Its optimal supplementation concentration was decided as 0.8 $({\mu}g/ml)$ to efficiently control the differentiation. It also enhanced the cell growth, compared to the control. However, most widely used and commercially available differentiating agent, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) negatively affected on the cell growth even though it controls the differentiation of ES cells, down to 40-50 % based on morphological observation and telomerase activity. It was presumed that the extract first affected on cell membrane and resulted in controlling signal system, then amplify gene expression of telomere, which enhanced the telomerase activity up to three times compared to the control. LIF only increased the enzyme activity up to two times. It was confirmed that the extract from A. gigas Nakai could be used for substituting currently used differentiation controlling agent, LIF from animal resources as a cheap plant resource and not affecting the cell growth. It can broaden the application of the plants not only to functional foods and their substitutes but also to fine chemicals and most cutting-edge biopharmaceutical medicine.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2018

Helminthostachys zeylanica is a rare plant grows in lightly shaded areas. The fern was traditionally used as antipyretic and antiphlogistic agents. This study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial potential of H. zeylanica on foodborne Bacillus cereus. The chemical composition of its ethanolic extract was also determined. The plant samples were collected at Kampung Kebun Relong, Kedah, Malaysia. The ethanolic extract showed significant inhibitory activity on B. cereus with a sizeable clear zone detected on disc diffusion assay. On broth microdilution assay, the MIC of the extract on B. cereus was 6.25 mg/ml and the MBC was 12.5 mg/ml. The inhibitory activity of the extract on B. cereus was bactericidal. In the growth dynamic study, the antibacterial efficacy of the extract was concentration dependent, where a lower colony forming unit count was obtained with increased extract concentration. The SEM micrograph of extract treated B. cereus cells showed invaginations of cell wall. The bacterial cell structure collapsed after 24 h exposure to the extract. The GCMS analysis of the extract showed that the major constituents of the extract were phenol (36.26%) and quercetin (29.70%). This study is important as it shows the potential use of H. zeylanica as an effective agent to control B. cereus related infections.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2009

We examined the inhibitory effects of loquat methanol extract on the adhesion, migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. Cells were cultured with DMSO or with 10, 25, or 50 ${\mu}g/ml$ of loquat methanol extract. Both leaf and seed extracts significantly inhibited growth of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner, although leaf extract was more effective. Adhesion and migration were significantly inhibited by loquat extracts in a dose-dependent manner. Loquat extract also inhibited the invasion of breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and leaf extract was more effective than seed extract. MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also inhibited by loquat extract. Our results indicate that methanol extracts of loquat inhibit the adhesion, migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells partially through the inhibition of MMP activity and leaf extract has more anti-metastatic effects in cell based assay than seed extract. Clinical application of loquat extract as a potent chemopreventive agent may be helpful in limiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2006

A growing body of evidence supports lipid peroxidation as having a role in the pathogenesis of liver disease. Although the probable cause of damage to human hepatocytes may be multifactorial, free radicals have been implicated in a variety of liver diseases, particularly in the presence of iron overload and toxic substances such as ethanol. Consequently, antioxidants, particularly those of plant origin such as flavonoids, may help to reduce the risk of developing these diseases. Silybum (S.) marianum, a medicinal plant widely used in traditional European medicine for the treatment of liver disorders, was evaluated for antioxidant activity. Thin layer chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography analyses of crude extract of the plant confirmed the presence of a number of flavonoids reported in the literature. The antioxidant activity of these flavonoids was measured through inhibition of lipid peroxidation and 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging. The crude plant extract showed marked antioxidant activity in both assays. These results suggest that S. marianum contains flavonoids with antioxidant activity, capable of inhibiting or scavenging free radicals, thus supporting its traditional use as a hepatoprotective agent.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.74-79
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• 2016

본 연구에서 루꼴라(E. sativa)에 대한 다양한 생리활성을 조사하여 기능성소재 응용가능성을 검토하였다. 루꼴라 추출물은 멜라노마 세포에 대하여 낮은 세포독성을 나타냈다. 세포독성이 거의 없는 농도에서 루꼴라 추출물 처리 시 항산화 활성($ID_{50}$, 17.60 mg/L)이 매우 우수하게 나타났으며 루꼴라 추출물 처리시 높은 tyrosinase 활성저해($ID_{50}$, 132.54 mg/L) 및 멜라닌 함량 저하($ID_{50}$, 158.90 mg/L)를 보여주었다. 또한, 루꼴라 추출물 농도 의존적으로 tyrosinase 발현이 억제되었으며, 이는 루꼴라 추출물이 직접적인 tyrosinase 활성저해 및 세포 내 tyrosinase 발현을 억제시킴으로서 멜라닌 합성을 저해하는 것으로 판단된다. 이와 같은 결과로 미루어 볼 때 루꼴라 추출물은 피부미백 소재 등 피부개선 효과를 지닌 기능성 화장품에 활용하기 위한 매우 효과적인 재료가 될 수 있다고 판단되며 향후 주름개선 효과 등 추가적인 실험을 통하여 화장품 소재 개발 응용 가능성을 타진할 것이다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.535-541
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 카카오 추출물의 알칼로이드계 성분의 함량을 관찰하고 항산화, 항균, 항염증 활성을 확인하였다. CAEt, CAMe추출물 함유 Gel을 제조하여 물리적 안정성을 관찰하였다. 카카오 추출물의 생리활성을 관찰하기 위해 DPPH, SOD 측정을 진행하였으며 세포독성 및 LPS로 유발시킨 일산화질소의 소거능에 대한 연구를 진행하였다. 또한 알칼로이드계 퓨린 구조를 가진 카카오 추출물을 첨가시킨 Gel을 제조하여 60일 동안 상온에서의 안정성을 평가하였다. 카카오 추출물의 항산화 활성 검증에서는 CAEt 추출물에서 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $43.14{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, CAMe 추출물의 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $35.42{\mu}g/m{\ell}$로 관찰되었다. SOD 측정에서도 CAEt 추출물에서 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $90.9{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, CAMe 추출물의 $IC_{50}$ 값은 $52.6{\mu}g/m{\ell}$로 관찰되었다. MeOH 조건에서 추출한 CAMe 추출물의 항산화능이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 추출물 3%가 함유된 gel (CAEt-Gel, CAMe-Gel)을 제조하였다. 항균활성 측정 결과 CAMe 추출물이 함유된 gel 제형이 더 높은 항균성을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. MTT assay로 관찰한 세포독성은 80%이상의 세포 생존율을 보였으며, LPS로 활성화된 Raw 264.7 세포에서 NO 발생을 관찰한 결과 CAMe-Gel을 처리한 군에서 NO 생성량이 유의하게 억제되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서는 위와 같은 결과를 근거로 카카오 추출물의 알칼로이드계 성분을 인체내에 적용하기 위해 제조한 Gel은 화장품 및 의료용 소재로 다양한 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.510-516
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• 2021

Whitening agents derived from natural sources which do not have side effects are sought after. Schizophragma hydrangeoides is an edible plant that grows wild on Jeju Island. We aimed to determine whether S. hydrangeoides extracts show anti-melanogenic activity. Here, we found that 70% ethanol extracts of S. hydrangeoides leaf suppressed α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. This activity of anti-melanogenesis in B16F10 cells were investigated by determining melanin content and tyrosinase activity, and by performing western blotting. The 70% ethanol extract downregulated tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1. In addition, the n-hexane fraction of S. hydrangeoides leaf (HFSH) exhibited significant anti-melanogenic activity among the various solvent fractions tested without reducing the viability of B16F10 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that extracts from S. hydrangeoides leaf can influence cellular processes via modulation of tyrosinase activity. Hence, S. hydrangeoides can be used as a whitening agent in the cosmetic industry and as a therapeutic agent for treating hyperpigmentation disorders in the clinic.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.227-231
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• 2007

구강청정제에 사용되는 많은 항미생물 성분들은 치주조직의 착색 및 작열감 등의 부작용을 가지고 있다. 이러한 취약점을 해결하고, 좀 더 생체친화적인 항미생물 물질을 찾기 위하여,한국식물추출물은행에서 소장하고 있는 2,125종의 식물추출물을 검색하였다. 항미생물 능력을 확인하기 위해, 잘 알려진 치과 병원균(치주질환 3종, 충치 1종)에 대한 성장억제 효과를 측정하였다. 대표적인 치주질환 유발세균인 Porphyromonas gingivalis에 대해서 19중의 식물 추출물이 항생효과를 나타내었으며, 17종이 Prevotella intermedia에 대해, 45종이 Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans에 대해, 그리고 85종의 추출물이 충치 유발세균인 Streptococcus mutans 에 대해 효과를 나타내었다. 이중에서 총8종의 식물추출물이 실험에 사용한4종의 미생물 중 3종 이상에 대해 항생작용을 나타내었다. 또한 Cudrania tricuspidata, Morus bombycis와 Mallotus japonicas가 실험에 사용된 4종의 치과 병원균 모두에 대해 항생작용을 나타내어 치과용 재료 혹은 양치액에 항미생물 물질로 사용될 가능성을 나타내었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2001

We have reported that kalopanaxsaponin A (KPS-A) Isolated from Kalopanax pictus have anti-rheumatoidal activity in the rat treated with Freunds complete adjuvant (FCA) reagent. In addition, it has been also reported that KPS-A is a potent antioxidant in the rheumatoidal rat. This research was undertaken to examine whether the saponins of KPS-A and -1 could adjust the abnormal lipid metabolisms and hematological changes in immunological diseases. KPS-A significantly inhibited the increases in both triglycerides and total proteins in addition to the decrease in total cholesterol induced by FCA reagent treatment. KPS-A treatment decreased the number of leucocytes elevated by FCA reagent treatment. Excess dose of the methanol extract produced no severe toxicity on the body weight, wet organ weights and hepatic functions. Since $LD_50$ value of K. pictus methanol extract was shown to be 4,033 ${mg/kg}$, it could be estimated to be a safe agent for anti-rheumatoidal herbal medicines.