• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.271-278
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• 2002

The effect of five plant population densities [5 (D$_1$), 10 (D$_2$), 20 (D$_3$), 30 (D$_4$), and 40 (D$_{5}$) plants/m$^2$] of four groundnut cultivars [ICGV 86699, ICG (FDRS) 10, ICGS 11 and TMV 2] and fungicide application (Kavach, chlorothalonil) to manage late leaf spot (LLS) and rust were studied in a field experiment during the 1995 and 1996 rainy seasons. LLS and rust severities were low in fungicide sprayed plots in all the cultivars irrespective of plant densities. Severities of LLS and rust, and percentage defoliation caused by LLS were significantly more in higher plant densities (D$_4$, D$_{5}$) than in lower plant densities (D$_1$, D$_2$, D$_3$) in fungicide sprayed and unsprayed plots in all the cultivars. All the cultivars gave significantly higher haulm and pod yields in fungicide sprayed plots than in unsprayed plots. Haulm and pod yields were significantly higher in higher plant densities than in lower plant densities. A combination of higher plant densities (D$_4$, D$_{5}$) and fungicide protection against LLS and rust gave maximum yield.yield.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.252-258
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• 1989

This study was investigated to find out the optimum planting densities of Aptum graveolns L. about growth characters, yield components and yi-eld at 9 planting densities by transplanting cultureThe results obtained are summarized as follows ;1 . Studying the correlationship, the highly negative significances we-re found between planting densities and petiole weight , planting d-ensities and plant weight , respectively .2. Plant hight was longest in spacious planting, and was short in dense3 . Petiole yield was thinkest in planting densities(50$\times$35n), and wasthin in planting densities(40$\times$25n) .4. Yield of Petiole was increased in PLanting densities(50$\times$25cn) ,quality and yield of petiole were highest by optimum plantting densi-ties (50$\times$35cn ) .

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.143-147
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• 1994

The experiment was carried out to study the influence of planting densities and on some agronomic characters and yield of rresh weight in Agastache rugoso. The results obtained are summarized as fol-lows; stem length was long in dense planing and short in spacious Planting. Stem diameter was thickIn spacious planting, and was thin in dense planting. Yield was higher in dense planting densities (20x20cm : 2spiants/m, 30$\times$20cm : 17plants/m).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.929-934
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• 2000

Optimum stand density of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varies with locations and climates. Stand density is one of the factors that determines herbage yield, forage quality and persistence of alfalfa. As establishment costs increase, the question arises whether present population densities are optimum for obtaining maximum herbage yield and forage quality. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine the optimum plant density for highest herbage yield and forage quality for the dehydrated alfalfa industry under Edmontons climatic conditions in Alberta, Canada; 2) to compare herbage yield and forage quality of the cultivars 'Algonquin' and 'Vernal' grown at a range of stand densities. Alfalfa seedlings of both cultivars were either transplanted at spacings of 6, 10, 15 and 25 cm or direct seeded at the 4.5 cm plant spacings, providing population densities of 494, 278, 100, 45 and $16plants/m^2$. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with a split-plot arrangement having three replicates; the main plots consisted of two alfalfa cultivars Algonquin and Vernal, and the sub-plots were the five population densities. The cultivar Vernal had significantly higher annual yield than did the cultivar Algonquin. There was no significant effect of plant density on herbage yield. There was no difference in crude protein (CP) between the two cultivars. At the first cut, there was a significant quadratic effect of plant density on CP content and the greatest CP occurred at the 100 plants/m2 density. Crude protein was not affected by plant density at the second cut. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were not affected by plant density. The cultivar Algonquin usually had a lower ADF and NDF than cultivar Vernal. In conclusion, high population densities ($278plants/m^2$ or more) of alfalfa did not improve herbage yield and forage quality compared with low plant population densities ($100plants/m^2$ or less) of alfalfa.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 1986

Two soybean cultivars different in plant type, Hwanggeumkong and Suweon-125, were planted under two different planting densities to investigate the proper planting densities after barley crops. The results obtained are summarized as follow: 1. No apparent varietal differences due to the planting densities were observed in flowering time and maturity. 2. The number of nodes of main stem showed significant differences between plant types, while they were not significantly different between planting densities. The number and length of branches per plant were apparently decreased as the planting densities were higher. 3. The number of pods per plant, and number and weight of grain per plant decreased as the planting densities increased and they showed also significant differences between planting densities. However, the number of pods, and number and weight of grain per unit land area were increased as the planting densities increased. 4. The grain yield per 10a showed significant cultivar difference under different planting densities. The Hwanggeumkong, determinate type, showed highest grain yield at the planting densities of $60{\times}7.5cm$, while Suweon-125, indeterminate type, highest at the planting densities of $60{\times}5.0cm$.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 1989

The statistical characteristics of three year old American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium 1.) root yields from Lytton, British Columbia, Canada are presented. Ginseng root yield is related to plant density, with the highest yields generally obtained from the sites with the highest plant densities. However, these higher yields are made up of a larger proportion of smaller roots while the proportion of larger roots remains almost constant throughout the range of plant densities sampled. Further, it is suggested that relatively small samples can provide significant insight into crop performance and growth.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.340-344
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• 1991

This study was investigated to find out the optimum planting densities fo Solanum njrum L. about growth characters. yield components and yield at 6 planting densities by direct sowing culture. The results obtained are summarized as follows: Studying the correlationship. the highly negative significances were found between planting densities and fresh eights weights per plant, on the other hand, the highly positive significances were found between planting densities and plant height. Plant height was long in dense planting, and short in spacious planting by direct sowing culture. Stem diameter was thick in spacious planting. and was thin in dense planting. Fresh wt. per plant was decreased in dense planting and was increased in spacious planting by direct sowing culture. Yield was highest in dense planting densities (10 x 20cm : 50plants/$m^2$) by direct sowing culture. Fertilizing ((N： P$_2$O$_{5}$ $K_2$O=6 : 6 : 6Kg/10a) was increased than without fertilizing because plant height and number of branch was good.d.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 1988

This study was invesigated to find out the optimum planting densities of Sculellaria baicalensis GEORGE about growth characters, yield components and yield at 6 planting densities by direct sowing culture. The results obtained are summarized as follows ; Studying the correlationship, the highly negative significances were found between planting densities and dry wights of root, leaves and stem ; on the other hand, the highly positive significances were found between planting densities and plant hight, stem diameter, respeitively. Plant height was long in dense planting, and short in spacious planting by direct sowing culture. Stem diameter was thick in spacious planting, and was thin in dense planting. Length and dry weight of root per plant were decreased in dense planting and were increased in spacious planting by direct sowing culture. Quality and yield of dry root weight were highest in optimum planting densities (30${\times}$10cm ; 33plants/m$^2$) by direct sowing culture.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.295-299
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• 2001

The relative density of phytoplasmas in witches'broom (WB)-infected jujube trees was investigated using compatitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR). During dormant and defoliating seasons, the densities of phytoplasmas were about the same in roots and twigs. In early growing season, the density showed the highest rates in roots, then in twigs and in petioles. however, the density was highest in petioles and the lowest in roots during actively growing season. Throughout the year, root samples did not show any serious fluctuation compared with that of t2wigs and petioles. Density was lowest during actively growing season in root samples. In contrast, petiole sample densities varied to a great extent depending on the season, very high during actively growing season, but very low during the early growing season, In twig samples, the densities were very high and almost the same in both defoliating and dormant seasons. Among the parts of the trees, phytoplsma density was the most stable in root samples throughout the year. The highest densities of phytoplasmas were about the same in all tree parts. These results suggest that the phytoplasmas may overwinter not only in roots but also in twigs, and that multiplication rate of phytoplsma becomes very high right after the early growing season.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.471-477
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• 2022

This field experiment aimed to identify the optimal planting density for establishing a management plan for ground-cover plants under roadside trees. Liriope platyphylla and Hosta longipes both widely used for planting under trees were selected as the plant materials and planted under Prunus serrulata var. spontanea at different planting densities. Based on the distance between each plant, 4 planting densities were used: 11%, 25%, 49%, and 83% with three replications. To estimate plant growth, plant height, number of leaves and tillers, fresh and dry weight, and visual quality were investigated. Liriope platyphylla exhibited relatively better growth at the highest planting density of 83%. For Hosta longipes, however, the lower growth was positively correlated with high planting density. Therefore, the optimal planting density for Liriope platyphylla is 83% and for Hosta longipes is 11%.