• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2011

Analysing companion species from unrelated taxa concentrated so far mainly on identifying biosurrogacy in terms of conservation biology. No study has investigated companion bird and plant species to predict breeding and migrant habitats of a bird genus. In this study we recorded and analysed companion bird and plant species of the breeding bird Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca and four migranting Oenanthe species on Cyprus. We found characteristic companion species in Cyprus Wheatear's, Wheatear migrant's and in control habitats where no Wheatears were present. We show that plant and bird companion species can be used as discriminating factors to predict breeding and migrant habitats of the genus Oenanthe on Cyprus. Furthermore, habitat preferences of Cyprus Wheatear's companion species indicate bushy and vegetation rich habitats avoiding woodland on the one hand and managed farmland on the other hand. In comparison, migrant Wheatear and control habitats were characterised by companion species pointing to a high openness. These results support former habitat descriptions of Cyprus Wheatear and migrant Wheatears. In more general, this study shows that companion species from unrelated taxa can be used to predict breeding and migrant habitats of a bird genus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2014

Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) are widely used medicinal plants with similar morphology but different medicinal efficacy. Roots, flowers, and processed products of Korean and American ginseng can be difficult to differentiate from each other, leading to illegal trade in which one species is sold as the other. This study was carried out to develop convenient and reliable chloroplast genome-derived DNA markers for authentication of Korean and American ginseng in commercial processed products. One codominant marker could reproducibly identify both species and intentional mixtures of the two species. We further developed a set of species-unique dominant DNA markers. Each species-specific dominant marker could detect 1% cross contamination with other species by low resolution agarose gel electrophoresis or quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Both markers were successfully applied to evaluate the original species from various processed ginseng products purchased from markets in Korea and China. We believe that high-throughput application of this marker system will eradicate illegal trade and promote confident marketing for both species to increase the value of Korean as well as American ginseng in Korea and worldwide.

• Plant Resources
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2005

Tissue culture systems to optimize regeneration plant species of Ocimum spp were evaluated as a method to micropropagate individual plants and to better study their biology in vitro. Ocimum species were also evaluated for the production of natural plant products during and following the regeneration process. The primary goal of this project was to enhance the regeneration efficiency of basil. Several factors were examined using different Ocimum species and commercial varieties. The effect of cytokinin combination, activated charcoal, gelling agents, and different carbon sources were investigated. Anthocyanin callus spots were produced only in four varieties among six tested. 'Sweet Dani' showed the best results on anthocyanin accumulation, while 'African beauty', 'Tree basil' and 'Methylcinnamate' produced only a few spots. Shoot regeneration was only achieved from 'Sweet Dani' explants. As the activated charcoal concentration increased, callus formation rate decreased respectively compare to the controls for all varieties. There was a decrease in callus growth with increasing concentration of agar and phytagel.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.356-360
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• 2020

A new distribution of Trichosanthes cucumeroides (Ser.) Maxim. ex Franch. & Sav. is discovered in Korea. This species was collected from forest margins on Ando Island, Ando-ri, Nam-myeon, Yeosu-si, in Jeollanam-do. T. cucumeroides is clearly distinguished from other species of the genus by having three- or five-lobed leaf blades, linear-lanceolate and minute bracts with entire margins, and oblong to triangular-ovoid seeds. Here, we provide precise description, a taxonomic key to the Korean Trichosanthes species, illustrations, and photographs of its habitat. The Korean name for the species is established as 'Bul-geun-ha-neul-ta-ri' considering the reddish color of its fruit.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Background: The positive effects of Arctic plants on the soil environment and plant-species co-occurrence patterns are known to be particularly important in physically harsh environments. Although three dominant plants (Cassiope tetragona, Dryas octopetala, and Silene acaulis) are abundant in the Arctic ecosystem at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, few studies have examined their occurrence patterns with other species and their buffering effect on soil-temperature and soil-moisture fluctuation. To quantify the plant-species co-occurrence patterns and their positive effects on soil environments, I surveyed the vegetation cover, analyzed the soil-chemical properties (total carbon, total nitrogen, pH, and soil organic matter) from 101 open plots, and measured the daily soil-temperature and soil-moisture content under three dominant plant patches and bare soil. Results: The Cassiope tetragona and Dryas octopetala communities increased the soil-temperature stability; however, the three dominant plant communities did not significantly affect the soil-moisture stability. Non-metric multidimensional scaling separated the sampling sites into three groups based on the different vegetation compositions. The three dominant plants occurred randomly with other species; however, the vegetation composition of two positive co-occurring species pairs (Oxyria digyna-Cerastium acrticum and Luzula confusa-Salix polaris) was examined. The plant species richness did not significantly differ in the three plant communities. Conclusions: The three plant communities showed distinctive vegetation compositions; however, the three dominant plants were randomly and widely distributed throughout the study sites. Although the facilitative effects of the three Arctic plants on increases in the soil-moisture fluctuation and richness were not quantified, this research enables a deeper understanding of plant co-occurrence patterns in Arctic ecosystems and thereby contributes to predicting the shift in vegetation composition and coexistence in response to climate warming. This research highlights the need to better understand plant-plant interactions within tundra communities.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2002

본 연구는 환경부의 '전국 무인도서 자연환경조사 보고서(1999년∼2001년)'에서 발췌한 261개의 무인 도서를 대상으로 섬의 지리적 환경과 섬에 분포하는 관속식물의 종수 및 분포사이의 상관성을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 261개 도서의 평균 면적은 75,000㎡이며, 면적의 분포범위는 최소 1,l00㎡에서 최대 961,200㎡였다. 육지와의 최단거리 평균은 14.9km(150m∼51.4km)이었다. 261개 도서에서 관찰된 전체 종수는 30과 1,109 종으로, 각 도서당 관찰된 종수의 평균은 98.7종이었다. 자생식물은 1,003종(90.4%)이었으며, 귀화식물은 106종(9.6%)로 조사되었다. 그리고 조사된 전체 종수 중에서 국화과가 114종으로 가장 많았으며, 벼과 (90종), 콩과(54종), 장미과(53종) 순으로 나타났다. 261개 섬은 출현한 식물종의 구성에 근거하여 다차원척도분석을 실시한 결과 '남해그룹(130개 섬)'과 '서해그룹(131개 섬)'의 두 지역으로 뚜렷이 구분할 수 있었다. 서해그룹에 속하는 섬들은 남해그룹의 섬들에 비해 면적이 더 넓었으나(서해그룹 평균=93,000㎡, 남해그룹 평균=57,000㎡), 도서당 출현 종수는 적었다(서해그룹 평균=192, 남해그룹 평균=233). 또한 서해그룹보다는 남해그룹에만 한정적으로 분포하는 종들이 두 그룹을 구분하는데 더욱 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나서, 위도에 따른 식물 분포를 반영하고 있다. 출현하는 식물 종수에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 인자는 섬의 면적이었으며, 육지와의 최단거리와 인간의 간섭 인자 순으로 나타났다. 식물종수에 미치는 환경인자들은 서해그룹과 남해그룹에서 각기 다르게 나타났으며, 남해그룹의 섬들이 서해그룹의 섬들에 비하여 육지와의 거리가 가깝고 단위면적당 출현 종수가 많았기 때문에 보다 다양한 환경인자들에 의해 민감하게 영향을 받는 것으로 생각된다. 따라서 이상의 결과들은 무인도서 생태계 보존을 위해 중요하게 활용될 것으로 기대되며, 앞으로 인간간섭과 귀화식물종이 무인도서 생태계에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구가 계속적으로 이루어질 것이다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• nspc5호
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• pp.81-104
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• 2005

Based on our insect collecting trip to the Is. Jin-do, Jeollanam-do Province from June 29 to July 1, 2005, a total of 573 lepidopterous species belonging to 37 families are reported, with adding 122 species new to the locality During our survey, the most dominant species was Cryptolechia malacobyrsa Meyrick (Oecophoridae), followed by Sandrabatis crassiella Ragonot (Pyralidae) and Yponomeuta tokyonellus Matsumura(Yponomeutidae), and the family Noctuidae (165 spp.) was the most diverse taxon in species number. We here also discuss the species representing the climatic feature in the island and compare the species diversity with those of other two major islands in Korea, Is. Geoje-do and Is. Jeju-do. Among the species recognized in this study, two species, Epilepia dentata (Matsumura and Shibata) and Meganola costalis (Staudinger) are recorded in Korea for the first time, in spite of the presence of previous notes on the species which is invalid. The adults and genitalia of the two species are illustrated and described briefly.

• Journal of Species Research
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2019

Five free-living nematode species belonging to the order of Rhabditida are described for the first time in Korea. Two unrecorded species of Rhabditidae, Cruznema tripartitum (Linston, 1906) Zullini, 1982, and Poikilolaimus oxycerca de Man, 1895, and one species of Peloderidae, Pelodera strongyloides Schneider, 1860, were collected in Korea. C. tripartitum has nine pairs of genital papillae arranged in 2+2+1+4 differently from similar species of C. scarabaeum which has ten genital papillae arranged in 2+1+4+3. Poikilolaimus oxycerca has shorter tail (shorter than anal body diameter) compared to similar species of P. regenfussi which has longer tail(longer than anal body diameter). Pelodera strongyloides has shorter tail(1-1.5 times anal body diameters long) than P. punctata (4 anal body diameters long). Two unrecorded species of Panagrolaimidae, Panagrolaimus apicatus Schuurmans Stekhoven & Teunissen, 1938 and Panagrolaimus rigidus (Schneider, 1866) Thorne, 1937 were collected in Korea. P. apicatus has rounded and lower lip compared to similar species, P. margaretae Massey, 1964 which has finely pointed lip. P. rigidus has slender tail and lips rounded and flat barely separated when compared to similar species, P. subelongatus(Cobb, 1914) Thorne, 1937 which has plumper tail and lips are well separated.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.16-16
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• 2018

Flora investigations have been conducted by many researchers for a long time in Korea. Even though large amount of investigation data has been accumulated, there is no accurate statistics or database because most of data were published in a printed form. We developed a web-based database of flora investigation, named as the Integrated Korean Flora Database (http://www.floradb.net/) to understand distribution patterns and habitats of plants in Korea. Till now, 480 published paper, 356 thesis, 76 reports and books, and 8 unpublished papers written in between 1962 and 2017 were collected and their species lists from 280 papers were parsed into the database. From 124,105 records, 3,100 species belonging to 206 families and 965 genera were identified via comparing with two major Korean plant species lists. 55 endangered species, 159 endemic species, and 367 rare species were identified. The most frequently surveyed species were Commelina communis in herbaceous and Rosa multiflora in woody plants. Microclimate data provided by Korea Meteorological Administration were also integrated and analyzed to assign cold hardness zones for each species. By comparing minimum temperature (<2%) acquired from automated weather stations (AWS) near by plant species, 6a to 10b zones (7b is the most frequent zone) were identified. Integrated Korean Flora Database will be a fundamental platform of korea flora investigation as well as a new standard for classifying distribution of plants based on accurate microclimate data. Moreover, it can also provide evidences of investigated plant species, such as specimen and/or pictures with connecting to the InfoBoss Cyber Herbarium (http://herbarium.infoboss. co.kr/) and Biodiversity Observation Datbase (BODB; http://www.biodiversitydb.org/).

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.633-640
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• 2007

The diurnal changes of chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidative enzyme activity were investigated in the leaves from four subtropical plant species (Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum Bak., Osmanthus insularis Koidz., Asplenium antiquum Makino and Chloranthus glaber Makino) under the natural habitats in summer and winter. The intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence was lower in O-, I-, J-, P-steps of O-J-I-P transient in winter than summer, and prominent diurnal change was not found in the fluorescence intensity of four subtropical plant species in winter. The activity and isoenzyme pattern of SOD and catalase did irregularly change seasonally and diurnally in four subtropical plant species. In contrast, the peroxidase activity and isoenzyme pattern was different depending on plant species and growth seasons; The activity increased slightly more in winter than in summer in four subtropical plant species, and several isoenzymes appeared in the leaves from C. asiaticum var japonicum, O. insularis and A. antiquum in winter.