• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.147-170
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• 2013

The Free Trade Agreement between Korea and Peru entered into force in 2011. Under the agreement, both countries will eliminated all tariffs within ten years after it takes effect. The Korea-Peru Free Trade Agreement turned out to have significantly boosted Korea's exports to the South American state, as well as its relative share in the local import market. Korea mainly imports resources such as zinc and copper, and exports such goods as passenger car and color televisions. The FTA opens up a larger market for Korean home appliances like color televisions. Korea's trade with Peru has been mainly about concentrated investment into mining and exporting limited variety of export items. This paper analyzes the recent trends of problems of trade between Korea and Peru and suggests solutions for boosting trade to provide proper strategic guidelines for Korea that are planning to expand to Peruvian market

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 1998

To make practical application of the MR image for stereotactic radiosurgery, the target point-achieved by acquisition of MR image in stereotactic radiosurgery planning system must agree with the actual isocenter of irradiation in real treatment. And the amount of distortion of the MR image must be known to make a correction for the agreement. A radish containing abundant water content was chosen as a homogeneous phantom for the purpose of verification of the agreement in this experiment. A dosimetric film was firmly attached to the small specially fabricated acryl plate and needle puncture was made through the film just into the acryl plate and a drop of oil was dropped into the hole of the film. The acryl plate with film was inserted into the radish and the dorp of oil represented the target point in MR image. After the image acquisition by stereotatic radiosurgery planning system, we achieved stereotactic coordinate of the target point represented by the oil drop. And we proceeded to actual irradiation to the target point according to the procedure of stereotactic radiosurgery. After the irradiation, the film in the radish was developed and processed and the degree of coincidence between the center of the radiation distribution and the target point represented by the hole in the film was measured. The discrepancy between two points was under 0.5 mm. so we could confirm good coincidence in homogeneous phantom such as radish. On the other hand, authors tried to use our home-made device for estimation of distortion of MR image.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_3
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• pp.1731-1745
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• 2023

Within the framework of the post-2020 climate regime, the Paris Agreement's emphasis on Nationally Determined Contributions and Biennial Transparency Reporting is paramount in addressing its long-term temperature goal. A salient issue is the treatment of wetland ecosystems within the context of Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry, as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. In the 2019 National Inventory Report, wetlands were recategorized as emission sources due to their designation as inundated areas. This study employs C-band radar imagery to discriminate between inundated and non-inundated regions of wetlands, enabling the quantification of their spatial dynamics. The research capitalizes on 24-period Sentinel-1 satellite data to cover both the inundation and desiccation phases while centering its attention on Ungok Wetland, a Ramsar-designated inland wetland conservation area in Korea. The inundated area is quantitatively assessed through the integration of multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Single-Look Complex (SLC) data, aerial orthophotography, and inland wetland spatial information. Furthermore, the study scrutinizes fluctuations in the maximum and minimum inundated areas, with substantial changes corroborated via drone aerial reconnaissance. The outcomes of this investigation hold the potential to make substantive contributions to the refinement of national greenhouse gas absorption and emission factors, thereby informing the development of comprehensive greenhouse gas inventories. These efforts align directly with the overarching objectives of the Paris Agreement.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.43-53
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• 2011

The Landscape Act was enacted in 2007 introducing a new procedure of the Local Landscape Agreement and the Local Landscape Improvement Projects. The act has granted local governments a legal basis to support residents participation activities in order to create, improve, and maintain the townscape quality of their neighborhood environments. The degree of utilization of this particular process, however, is far below the expectation. Partly, it is due to the lack of field experience and concrete guidelines for preparation and implementation in actual landscape planning process. This study aims to seek for detailed solution to lead the residents participation for local landscape improvement in Korea through consideration for institutional strategies and cases about the local landscape planning and management in Japan. Local landscape improvement projects in Japan are progressing successfully in concurrence with a variety of local participants such as residents participation, administrative supporting and supporting of local company. And it will be possible to support systematically with systematization of participants, such as NPO and a council.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.116-125
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• 2018

With rapid economic development in Korea, interests in interior design have increased gradually. However, interior design markets were poorly evaluated from 2015 Korean Consumer Evaluation. It is necessary to identify what kinds of problems, defects, and consumer claims have arisen during interior design planning and construction procedures. Therefore the purpose of this study is to investigate claims and disputes in interior design project procedures and to find out when defects or claims take place in those procedures in order to reduce claims or defects. Email questionnaires were distributed to KOSID members (professional interior designers) using Google Survey. In addition, a focus group interview was conducted. A total of 54 responses were collected and analyzed using SPSS 19. As a result, in an agreement stage, alteration in materials is the major source of claim. More than a half of respondents addressed time shortage for programming and planning. During the construction stage, approximately 31% respondents experienced client dissatisfaction with materials and finishes. The reason for project completion delay was due to claims during construction. The claims most frequently appealed by clients were related to painting. The satisfaction with project quality is positively related to the quality and contents of design documents including design drawings and specifications. Regulations and communication with clients are important issues to reduce the gaps between interior designers and clients/ consumers.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.71-82
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• 2013

School Landscape Planning in Korea recently due to the implementation of green building certification system as a whole outside of the school environment and create eco-friendly, but not has not been linked with the curriculum. The purpose of this study is linked to the curriculum that can be used actively in learning activities is to landscape the school. Considering curriculum for elementary landscape plan provides direction results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, the elementary school years in Chapter 3, the type and number of species of plants and animals that appear in the textbooks examined the results of the analysis that appears to know what plants and animals were the most common. Second, seven schools in Gyeonggi Province in Chapter 4 investigated the status of the landscape. The current landscape of the school curriculum, whether in agreement with the results of this comparison indicate that much of a difference could be seen. Therefore, future elementary landscape plan in accordance with the finality of education curriculum will be developed to fit.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 2011

Skeptical responses to urban design based on the Physical Planning theory assuming the existence of social agreement and the absolute authorities of planners bring about alternatives such as Participatory Planning and Community Design derived from Harbermas' Communicative Rationality. But the normative contentions do not progress any more to the stage of presenting practical strategies. This is the cause why there should be systematic approaches to reveal the relationships among various concepts or variables. With regard to the Community Design this study intends to take a statistical approach to find relationship between project scale and its accomplishment. The hypothesis that the smaller scale of project begets the better outcomes was tested to be rejected as a result of the analysis of variance. But the result also shows that appropriate density in relatively large area makes residents' expected satisfaction high. Although this discovery has its own meaning the tryout is anticipated to laying the cornerstone of quantitative analyses in the following studies.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.85-98
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• 2014

Purpose - This study primarily aims to represent the current trend of research on CPFR as a promising supply chain collaboration program and proposes a new framework for analyzing any collaboration programs in terms of three key collaborative features. Research design, data, and methodology - This study employs a literature review of selected studies that conduct research on CPFR. CPFR is analyzed based on the proposed framework that characterizes collaboration programs in terms of three key collaborative features. Results - The analysis based on the proposed framework reveals that the current form of CPFR continues to have some collaborative features that are not fully utilized to create an advanced collaboration program. The literature review indicates that most past studies ignore critical issues including the dynamic nature of the multiple-stage supply chain system and negotiation process for collaborative agreement in CPFR implementation. Conclusions - Results indicate that CPFR can become a better supply chain collaboration program by incorporating coordinative cost payment and joint decision making processes. Based on observations on the existing literature of CPFR, this study indicates several important issues to be addressed by future studies.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.111-128
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• 2014

President Park Geun-hye Administration has established the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) to build a creative economy using Information and Communication Technology (ICT). July 2, 2013, The National Assembly has legislated the special act on the ICT promotion and convergence so called special ICT Act. This special ICT Act has reduced the legal basis through legislative process and departmental agreement. Therefore many experts worried that since the MSIP's key functions and roles are being reduced, there will be a limit to the MSIP's endeavor for the advancement of science technology and the ICT promotion and convergence. The establishment of the Agency, together with the formation of 'IT Strategy Committee', is considered to be one of the core items of the Special Act on ICT. MSIP originally planned to integrate the ICT R&D functions scattered across many governmental organizations, including Korea Communications Agency (KCA), KEIT and Korea Creative Contents Agency (KOCCA), into the Agency to separate the national ICT R&D from private R&D and streamline the process of 'discovery-selection-evaluation-commercialization'. The analytical results in this study are supposed to the establishment of efficient ICT governance systems as the practical strategies to actively cope with the changes of ICT convergence environment. It is also expected to the revision on the special ICT Act in the ICT budget and governance. Therefore, MSIP should cover research and development (R&D) as well as major ICT promotion functions to a creative economy.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the diverse characteristics of a novel commercial bolus, CLEANBOLUS-WHITE (CBW), to ascertain its suitability for clinical application. Methods: The evaluation of CBW encompassed both physical and biological assessments. Physical parameters such as mass density and shore hardness were measured alongside analyses of element composition. Biological evaluations included assessments for skin irritation and cytotoxicity. Dosimetric properties were examined by calculating surface dose and beam quality using a treatment planning system (TPS). Additionally, doses were measured at maximum and reference depths, and the results were compared with those obtained using a solid water phantom. The effect of air gap on dose measurement was also investigated by comparing measured doses on the RANDO phantom, under the bolus, with doses calculated from the TPS. Results: Biological evaluation confirmed that CBW is non-cytotoxic, nonirritant, and non-sensitizing. The bolus exhibited a mass density of 1.02 g/cm³ and 14 shore 00. Dosimetric evaluations revealed that using the 0.5 cm CBW resulted in less than a 1% difference compared to using the solid water phantom. Furthermore, beam quality calculations in the TPS indicated increased surface dose with the bolus. The air gap effect on dose measurement was deemed negligible, with a difference of approximately 1% between calculated and measured doses, aligning with measurement uncertainty. Conclusions: CBW demonstrates outstanding properties for clinical utilization. The dosimetric evaluation underscores a strong agreement between calculated and measured doses, validating its reliability in both planning and clinical settings.