• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.362-370
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a novel optical implementation of a 3DES algorithm based on dual XOR logic operations for a cryptographic system. In the schematic architecture, the optical 3DES system consists of dual XOR logic operations, where XOR logic operation is implemented by using a free-space interconnected optical logic gate method. The main point in the proposed 3DES method is to make a higher secure cryptosystem, which is acquired by encrypting an individual private key separately, and this encrypted private key is used to decrypt the plain text from the cipher text. Schematically, the proposed optical configuration of this cryptosystem can be used for the decryption process as well. The major advantage of this optical method is that vast 2-D data can be processed in parallel very quickly regardless of data size. The proposed scheme can be applied to watermark authentication and can also be applied to the OTP encryption if every different private key is created and used for encryption only once. When a security key has data of $512{\times}256$ pixels in size, our proposed method performs 2,048 DES blocks or 1,024 3DES blocks cipher in this paper. Besides, because the key length is equal to $512{\times}256$ bits, $2^{512{\times}256}$ attempts are required to find the correct key. Numerical simulations show the results to be carried out encryption and decryption successfully with the proposed 3DES algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.103-108
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• 2021

Knowledge graph is a technology that improves search results by using semantic information based on various resources. Therefore, due to these advantages, the knowledge graph is being defined as one of the core research technologies to provide AI-based services recently. However, in the case of the knowledge graph, since the form of knowledge collected from various service domains is defined as plain text, it is very important to be able to analyze the text and understand its meaning. Recently, various lexical dictionaries have been proposed together with the knowledge graph, but since most lexical dictionaries are defined in a language other than Korean, there is a problem in that the corresponding language dictionary cannot be used when providing a Korean knowledge service. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an ontology based on the parts of speech of Korean. The proposed ontology uses 9 parts of speech in Korean to enable the interpretation of words and their semantic meaning through a semantic connection between word class and word class. We also studied various scenarios to apply the proposed ontology to vehicle services.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.285-287
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• 2014

This paper describes a design of area-efficient/low-power cryptographic processor for lightweight block cipher algorithm HIGHT which was approved as a cryptographic standard by KATS and ISO/IEC. The HIGHT algorithm which is suitable for the security of IoT(Internet of Things), encrypts a 64-bit plain text with a 128-bit cipher key to make a 64-bit cipher text, and vice versa. For area-efficient and low-power implementation, we adopt 32-bit data path and optimize round transform block and key scheduler to share hardware resources for encryption and decryption.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.777-779
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• 2014

The LEA(Lightweight Encryption Algorithm) is a 128-bit high-speed/lightweight block cipher algorithm developed by National Security Research Institute(NSRI) in 2012. The LEA encrypts plain text of 128-bit using cipher key of 128/192/256-bit, and produces cipher text of 128-bit, and vice versa. To reduce hardware complexity, we propose an efficient architecture which shares hardware resources for encryption and decryption in round transformation block. Hardware sharing technique for key scheduler was also devised to achieve area-efficient and low-power implementation. The designed LEA cryptographic processor was verified by using FPGA implementation.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.15.1-15.7
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• 2019

Automatically detecting mentions of pharmaceutical drugs and chemical substances is key for the subsequent extraction of relations of chemicals with other biomedical entities such as genes, proteins, diseases, adverse reactions or symptoms. The identification of drug mentions is also a prior step for complex event types such as drug dosage recognition, duration of medical treatments or drug repurposing. Formally, this task is known as named entity recognition (NER), meaning automatically identifying mentions of predefined entities of interest in running text. In the domain of medical texts, for chemical entity recognition (CER), techniques based on hand-crafted rules and graph-based models can provide adequate performance. In the recent years, the field of natural language processing has mainly pivoted to deep learning and state-of-the-art results for most tasks involving natural language are usually obtained with artificial neural networks. Competitive resources for drug name recognition in English medical texts are already available and heavily used, while for other languages such as Spanish these tools, although clearly needed were missing. In this work, we adapt an existing neural NER system, NeuroNER, to the particular domain of Spanish clinical case texts, and extend the neural network to be able to take into account additional features apart from the plain text. NeuroNER can be considered a competitive baseline system for Spanish drug and CER promoted by the Spanish national plan for the advancement of language technologies (Plan TL).

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.873-877
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• 2010

CAPTCHA is a security tool that prevents the automatic sign-up by a spam or a robot. This CAPTCHA usually depends on the smart readability of humans. However, the common and plain CAPTCHA with text-based system is not difficult to be solved by intelligent web-bot and machine learning tools. In this paper, we propose a new sub-image based CAPTCHA system totally different from the text based system. Our system offers a set of cropped sub-image from a whole digital picture and asks user to identify the correct orientation. Though there are some nice machine learning tools for this job, but they are useless for a cropped sub-images, which was clearly revealed by our experiment. Experiment showed that our sub-image based CAPTCHA is easy to human solver, but very hard to all kinds of machine learning or AI tools. Also our CAPTCHA is easy to be generated automatical without any human intervention.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.31 no.6D
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• pp.849-856
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• 2011

This paper proposes a method for transforming unstructured text contents of engineering documents, which have complex hierarchical structure of subtitles with various heading symbols, into a semi-structured XML document according to the hierarchical subtitle structure. In order to extract the hierarchical structure from plain text information, this study employed a method of document structure extraction which is an analysis technique of the document structure. In addition, a method for processing enumerative text contents was developed to increase overall accuracy during extraction of the subtitles and construction of a hierarchical subtitle structure. An application module was developed based on the proposed method, and the performance of the module was evaluated with 40 test documents containing structural calculation records of bridges. The first test group of 20 documents related to the superstructure of steel girder bridges as applied in a previous study and they were used to verify the enhanced performance of the proposed method. The test results show that the new module guarantees an increase in accuracy and reliability in comparison with the test results of the previous study. The remaining 20 test documents were used to evaluate the applicability of the method. The final mean value of accuracy exceeded 99%, and the standard deviation was 1.52. The final results demonstrate that the proposed method can be applied to diverse heading symbols in various types of engineering documents to represent the hierarchical subtitle structure in a semi-structured XML document.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.423-430
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• 2013

With the active Internet e-commerce and the financial sector, mutual authentication between users and service providers has become very important. Because ID- and password-based authentication is of low security, one-time password authentication methods are widely used. The existing one-time password authentication scheme of S/Key authentication method is fraught with a number of issues in addition to plain text transmission, and the method of Kim Gong-ki et al. does not offer suggestions for session key generation and distribution method. Proposed in this paper is a protocol that solves these problems.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.68-78
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• 2005

A new emotion-based image retrieval method is proposed in this paper. The research was motivated by Soen's evaluation of human emotion on color patterns. Thirteen pairs of adjective words expressing emotion pairs such as like-dislike, beautiful-ugly, natural-unnatural, dynamic-static, warm-cold, gay-sober, cheerful-dismal, unstablestable, light-dark, strong-weak, gaudy-plain, hard-soft, heavy-light are modeled by 19-dimensional color array and $4{\times}3$ gray matrix in off-line. Once the query is presented in text format, emotion model-based query formulation produces the associated color array and gray matrix. Then, images related to the query are retrieved from the database based on the multiplication of color array and gray matrix, each of which is extracted from query and database image. Experiments over 450 images showed an average retrieval rate of 0.61 for the use of color array alone and an average retrieval rate of 0.47 for the use of gray matrix alone.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.1495-1500
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• 2011

Dynamic cipher has the property that the key-size, the number of round, and the plain text-size are scalable simultaneously. In this paper we propose the block cipher algorithm which is symmetrical in the dynamic network. We present the method for designing secure Dynamic cipher against meet-in-the-middle attack and linear crytanalysis. Also, we show that the differential cryptanalysis to Dynamic cipher is hard.