• Title/Summary/Keyword: Pisum sativum L.

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Characterization of Neutral Invertase from Fast Growing Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Seedlings after Gibberellic Acid (GA) Treatment (GA 처리 후 급 성장하는 완두콩(Pisum sativum L.) 발아체로부터 분리된 중성 invertase의 특성)

  • Kim, Donggiun
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.25 no.9
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    • pp.1021-1026
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    • 2015
  • Invertase (β-D-fructosfuranosidase, EC 3.2.1.26) catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose into D-glucose and D-fructose. Three biochemical subgroups of invertases have been investigated in plants: vacuolar (soluble acid), cytoplasmic (soluble alkaline), and cell wall-bound (insoluble acid) invertases. An isoform of neutral invertase was purified from pea seedlings (Pisum sativum L.) and treated with gibberellic acid (GA) by sequential procedures consisting of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography, absorption chromatography, and reactive green-19 affinity chromatography. The results of the overall insoluble invertase purification were a 430-fold increase. The purified neutral invertase was not glycosylated and had an optimum pH between neutral and alkaline (pH 6.8-7.5). It was inhibited by Tris, as well as by heavy metals, such as Hg2+ and Cu2+. Typical Michaelis–Menten kinetics were observed when the activity of the purified invertase was measured, with sucrose concentrations up to 100 mM. The Km and Vmax values were 12.95 mM and 2.98 U/min, respectively. The molecular mass was around 20 kDa. The sucrose-cleaving enzyme activity of this enzyme is similar to that of sucrose synthase and fructosyltransferase, but its biochemical characteristics are different from those of sucrose synthase and fructosyltransferase. Based on this biochemical characterization and existing knowledge, neutral INV is an invertase isoform in plants.

Identification of Amino Acid Conjugates of Indole-3-acetic Acid in Etiolated Pea(Pisum sativum L.) Shoots (완두 유묘중 IAA-amino acid 복합체의 확인)

  • Park, Chang-Kyu;Park, Ro-Dong
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 1985
  • To identify amino acid conjugates of indole-3-acetic acid(IAA) in plants, 23 amino acid conjugates of IAA were synthesized and characterized by UV and IR spectroscopies, and thinlayer and high performance liquid chromatographies. In etiolated pea(Pisum sativum L. var. Sparkle) shoots, aspartic and glutamic acid conjugates of IAA were tentatively identified as metabolites of endogenous IAA by thin-layer and high performance liquid chromatography, and by alkaline hydrolysis of the conjugates.

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Effect of N-Methylmesoporphyrin IX on the Branch Point of the Tetrapyrrole Pathway in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Chloroplasts

  • Yu, Gyung-Hee
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.523-526
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    • 1995
  • Administering ${\delta}-aminolevulinic$ acid (ALA) to isolated pea (Pisum sativum L.) chloroplasts resulted in an increase of heme synthesis in the heme branch of the tetrapyrrole pathway. At 0.1 mM ALA, in the presence of 1 mM $FeSO_4$ heme synthesis was stimulated up to 7 fold of that in the absence of $FeSO_4$. N-Methylmesoporphyrin IX (NMMP), a powerful inhibitor of ferrochelatase, inhibited heme synthesis by 95% at one micromolar concentration. The addition of A TP to the chloroplasts caused not only heme synthesis, but Mg-protoporphyrin IX synthesis in the chlorophyll branch of the tetrapyrrole pathway. In the presence of NMMP, however, inhibition of Mg-protoporphyrin IX synthesis was not observed whereas heme synthesis was inhibited completely.

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Production of Indole-3-Acetic Acid by the Cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis Strain MMG-9

  • Ahmed, Mehboob;Stal, Lucas J.;Hasnain, Shahida
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.20 no.9
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    • pp.1259-1265
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    • 2010
  • The filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis strain MMG-9 was isolated from a rice field. The ability of this strain to synthesize the bioactive compound indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was demonstrated. IAA was extracted from the culture of A. platensis strain MMG-9 and its identity was confirmed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) as well as by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The IAA precursor L-tryptophan was required for IAA biosynthesis. Released IAA increased with the increase of the initial concentration of L-tryptophan in the medium and with the incubation time. A. platensis strain MMG-9 accumulated more IAA than it released into the medium. The bioactivity of the secreted IAA was shown by its effect on the formation of roots by Pisum sativum. There was a significant positive effect of the supernatant of cultures of A. platensis strain MMG-9 on the number of lateral roots of P. sativum, whereas a negative effect on root length was observed.

Shoot Induction and Genetic Stability of in vitro Cultured Pea

  • Kantayos, Vipada;Bae, Chang-Hyu
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2019.10a
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    • pp.30-30
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    • 2019
  • Pea (Pisum sativum) is one of important legume crops in the world. It is commonly used as a protein source for animal and human diet, and also used as a natural nitrogen source which is produced by a symbiotic bacterium in their root nodule and helpful for terrestrial ecosystem. The successful in vitro manipulation is depended on three main factors including physiology of plant donor, in vitro manipulation approach, and stress physiology during plant cultivation. Moreover, genotype is an important for plant manipulation; different genotype gives the different response to regeneration efficiency. An efficient condition of shoot induction for pea (Pisum sativum cv. 'Sparkle') was developed by using optimum explant, plant growth regulator concentrations, and pretreatment of BA onto explant. The average shoot number per explant showed the highest on two kinds of shoot induction media (MSB5 media containing 2 mg/L BA and a combination of 2 mg/L BA and 1 mg/L TDZ) with cotyledonary node explants culture. Moreover, the pretreatment of explant in 200 mg/L BA solution was found to be more effective in shoot induction than that of non-pretreatment. The analysis of genetic stability of regenerants by using 13 ISSR markers presented that in vitro regenerated plants showed polymorphism with 8.3% compared with their mother plants.

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Salt Tolerance in Transgenic Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Plants by P5CS Gene Transfer

  • Najafi F.;Rastgar-jazii F.;Khavari-Nejad R. A.;Sticklen M.
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.233-240
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    • 2005
  • Slices of embryonic axis of mature pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Green Arrow) seeds were used as explant. Transformation of explants was done via Agrobacterium tumefaciens bearing vector pBI-P5CS construct. The best results for inoculation of explants were obtained when they were immersed for 90 s at a concentration of $6{\times}10^8$ cell $ml^(-1)$ of bacterial suspension. Transformed pea plants were selected on $50\;mg\;l^(-1)$ kanamycin and successful transformants were confirmed by PCR and blotting. Transgenic plants were further analyzed with RT-PCR to confirm the expression of P5CS. Transgenic plants and non-transgenic plants were treated with different concentrations of NaCl 0 (control), 100, 150 and 200 mM in culture medium. Measurement of proline content indicated that transgenic plants produced more amino acid proline in response to salt in comparison with non-transgenic plants. Photosynthetic efficiency in transgenic plants under salt-stress was more than that of non-transgenic plants.

Analysis of Protein and Moisture Contents in Pea(Pisum sativum L. Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

  • Jung, Chan-Sik;Kim, Byung-Joo;Kwon, Yil-Chan;Han, Won-Young;Kwack, Yong-Ho
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.43 no.2
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    • pp.101-104
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    • 1998
  • This study was conducted to establish a rapid analysis method for determining protein and moisture contents of pea. Ninety and eighty pea (Pisum sativum L.) lines were analyzed to determine protein and moisture contents, respectively using near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. Simple correlations (${\gamma}$) of protein content in a ground sample and an intact grain sample by an automatic regression method were 0.978 and 0.910, respectively. Simple correlations by partial least square regression/principal component analysis (PLS/PCA) methods were 0.982 and 0.925, respectively. Standard error of performance (SEP) in protein content was the lowest value, 0.446 in ground sample by PLS/PCA methods. Simple correlation of moisture content was the highest at 0.871 in ground samples. when using a standard regression method. Accuracy for the moisture content was slightly lower than for protein content. It was concluded that the NIRS method would be applicable only for rapid determination of protein content in pea.

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Molecular Analysis of the Border Cell Differentiation in Root Cap of Pisum sativum L. (완두(Pisum sativum L.) 근관의 생장과 관련된 표피세포의 분화와 유전자 발현)

  • 우호영;장매희
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.169-173
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    • 1995
  • Border cells are differentiated cells which originate from meristematic cells in The root cap. Experimentally border cells can be released from the root cap by a physical treatment, for example dipping the root tip in the waters After 20-25 hours of release, the new border cell layer forms in the root cap. During the border cell differentiation, new gene expressions were observed in the root cap of pea which was determined by mRNA differential display These new gene expressions may be involved in the border cell differentiation Border cells had unique gene expressions which were determined by mRNA differential display, This suggests that border cells are differentiated cells which are different from the other tissues (ie., leaves, stems, roots or root caps).

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Identification of the Endogenous IAA Analogues in Pea(Pisum sativum L.) Shoots (백색(白色) 완두(豌豆) 유묘(幼苗)에서 IAA 유도체의 확인(確認))

  • Kim, Jeong-Bong;Park, Ro-Dong;Suh, Yong-Taik;Park, Chang-Kyu
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.162-169
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    • 1989
  • Tryptophan, indole-3-acetaldehyde, indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), and indole-3-aldehyde were identified as endogenous IAA analogues in etiolated pea(Pisum sativum L. var. 'Sparkle') shoots, which suggests a metabolic sequence(s) of tryptophan${\rightarrow}$(?)${\rightarrow}$indole-3-acetaldehyde${\rightarrow}$IAA${\rightarrow}$indole-3-aldehyde occurring in pea plants. IAA-rhamnose and IAA-glucose were tentatively confirmed as IAA conjugates.

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Expression of Pea Superoxide Dismutase Gene in Transgenic Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Plants (형질전환 오이(Cucumis sativus L.) 식물체에서 완두 Superoxide Dismutase 유전자의 발현)

  • 김재훈;오승용;이행순;조만현;이은모;우인식;곽상수
    • Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.201-206
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    • 1998
  • To develop the fruits of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) producing high yields of superoxide dismutase (SOD), the MnSOD cDNA from pea (Pisum sativum) under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter was introduced into cucumber using Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain LBA 4404)-mediated transformation. The kanamycin-resistant shoots were selected on the selection medium containing MS basal salt, 1.0 mg/L zeatin, 0.1 mg/L IAA, 300 mg/L claforan, and 100 mg/L kanamycin. After 6 weeks of culture on the selection medium, the shoots were transferred to MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L NAA to induce roots. PCR analysis using the primers for neomycin phosphotransferase (NPTII) gene revealed that three plantlets were transformed. The fruits of one transgenic plant had approximately 3.2-fold higher SOD activity than those of non-transgenic plants. MnSOD isoenzyme band was strongly detected on native gel in fruits of transgenic plants.

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