• 제목/요약/키워드: Pinus species

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청주시 매봉산 도시림의 식생, 토양특성 및 토양미소절지동물상 분석 (The Vegetation, Soil Characteristics, and Soil Microarthropods of Maebongsan Urban Forest in Cheongju-si, Korea)

  • 김흥태
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제19권6호
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2016
  • The study was aimed to understand the ecological status of the Maebongsan urban forest in Cheongju-si through investigating the vegetation, soil characteristics, and soil microarthropods. Phytosociological analysis for twenty plots revealed that the plant communities were classified into Pinus rigida community, Robinia pseudoacacia community, Castanea crenata community, Quercus acutissima community, Pinus strobus community, Pinus koraiensis community, and Larix kaempferi community. The importance value showed that afforestation tree species like Castanea crenata, Robinia pseudoacacia, and Pinus rigida dominate the urban forest. DBH analysis indicated that although the plant communities seem to be under the succession to Quercus forest, the dominance of Castanea crenata and Robinia pseudoacacia might still persist for several more decades. The properties of soils from the plant communities showed that loamy sand and sandy loam in soil texture, low organic matters, and severe acidification. The abundance of soil microarthropods were not different among the plant communities except Castanea crenata community and Pinus koraiensis community. The two communities showed especially low abundance of collembola and acarina. Thus, we can say that Castanea crenata community and Pinus koraiensis community seem to have been influenced strongly by anthropogenic activities.

한반도 후빙기의 저지대 식생사 (The Post-glacial Vegetation History of the Lowland in Korean Peninsula)

  • 최기룡
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.169-174
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    • 1998
  • This is the review of vegetational history of the post-glacial period in Korea. most of studies for vegetational changes are located in the lowland alluvial plain, especially below the hilly zone of western and eastern coastal regions of Korea. A couple of methods, pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating, have been employed in these studies. These results lead us to establish the pollen zonation in Korea as the followings. Yasuda et al.(1980) classified six period in Yongrang lake of sokcho. These are as follow I. 17,000-15,000yr B.P.: Picea, Abies, Pinus(Haploxylon), Larix stage, II.15,000-10,000yr B.P:Herb, Pteridophyta stage, III.10.000-6,700yr BP.:Quercus stage, IV.6,700-4,500yr B.P.:Pinus, Quercus, Carpinus stage, V.4,500-1,400yr B.P.:Quercus. Pinus stage, VI.1,400yr B.P.-present: Pinus, Herbs stage. Jo(1979) also divided the period into two stages from the outcomes of analysis done in Jumoonjin and other sites I.10,000-6,000yr B.P.:Quercus stage, II.6,000-present: Pinus-Quercus stage, and three substages: IIa.6,000-3,400 yr B.P.:lower Pinus stage, IIb.3,400-2,000yr B.P.:Pinus-Quercus stage, IIc.2,000-present: Pinus stage. Choi(1993, 1996) divided the period into three stages: I.6,000-5,000yr B.P.:Alnus, Quercus stage, II.5,000-4,000yr B.P.: Alnus, Quercus, Pinus stage, III.4,500-2,600yr B.P.: Alnus, Pinus stage. In the period around 6,000yr B.P. distinct dominant species clearly occupied the lowland of the eastern and western coasts. Thus, this strongly supports the fact that even if Korea experienced its warm and wet climate after the lateglacial, it underwent a different environmental change, dry climate, compared to the regions of Japan.

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First Report of Pitch Canker Disease on Pinus rigida in Korea

  • Lee, Jong-Kyu;Lee, Sang-Hyun;Sung-II Yang;Lee, Yin-Won
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.52-54
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    • 2000
  • Pitch canker of Pinus rigida, caused by Fusarium subglutinans f. sp. pini, was first noticed in Inchon, Korea, and is now being spread into other plantations of pines. Typical symptoms re resin flows from canders on the shoots, branches, and trunks, and resin-soaking of the sap wood under the bark. Pathogenic fungi were isolated from the infected shoots, branches, and sees on Fusarium-selective medium. Mycelial growth and microscopic characteristics were examined. Pathogenicity test was carried out by inoculating four common species of pines (P. rigida, P. densiflora, P. thunbergii, and P. koraiensis) in Korea. P. rigida and P. thunbergii showed symptoms identical to those of naturally infected trees, while P. densiflora and P. koraiensis remained free symptomless.

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옥수수(Zea mays L.)와 소나무(Pinus densiflora L.) 추출물의 생물학적 활성 (Biological Activity of Extracts from Zea mays L. and Pinus densiflora L.)

  • 주영규
    • 아시안잔디학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.203-210
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    • 1998
  • Environmental concerns arising from synthetic herbicides in plant management systems have led to an interest in plant-derived compounds as natural herbicides. Inhibitory effects of compounds extracted with 50% methanol from corn (Zea mays L.) and pine (Pinus densiflora L.) were evaluated on large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.), annual bluegrass Poa annua L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) The aqueous extracts inhibited seed germination and had postemergence activity on the four species. The stability of biological activity of corn grain, stover, and root extracts was not affected by heating to $135^{\circ}C$ or freezing/thawing treatments when applied at levels above 0.25kg m(sup)-2 based on dry weights of powders before extraction. Heating reduced the activity of pine litter and bark extracts at all levels except the highest application level but had little effect on pine needle extracts.

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리기다 소나무, 밤나무, 느티나무의 연소성질 비교 (Comparison of Combustion Properties of the Pinus rigida, Castanea sativa, and Zelkova serrata)

  • 정영진
    • 한국화재소방학회논문지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.73-78
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 콘칼로리미터를 사용하여 한국 리기다 소나무, 밤나무, 느티나무의 연소성질을 조사하였다. 이들 종에 대한 열방출율과 연기 발생량을 측정하였다. 숯생성으로 인한 연소성 억제 증대에 대하여, 느티나무는 리기다 소나무, 밤나무에 비하여 좋은 성질을 보였다. 밤나무는 리기다 소나무, 느티나무에 비하여 높은 CO수율과 높은 $CO/CO_2$ 수율을 나타내었다.

국산 주요 간벌 소경재의 무결점재에 대한 휨특성 (Flexural properties of dear specimens made from small diameter thinned trees)

  • 차재경
    • 임산에너지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.44-48
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    • 2003
  • 국산 간벌 소경재인 리기다소나무(Pinus rigida Mill.), 소나무(Pinus densifora Sieb. et Zucc), 일본잎갈나무(Larix kaemferi Carr) 및 상수리나무(Quercus acutissima Carr.)로 만든 무결점재에 대한 휨특성을 조사하였다. 휨강도와 탄성계수는 수종에 따라 차이가 있었다. 비중이 큰 상수리나무가 가장 큰 휨강도와 탄성계수를 나타냈으며, 비중이 작은 일본잎갈나무가 가장 작은 값을 나타냈다. 휨탄성계수와 휨강도는 응력파 탄성계수와 양호한 정의 상관관계를 나타내어 응력파 탄성계수에 의해 휨 특성 예측이 가능하였다.

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성균관대학교 학술림 식생 분석 (Vegetation Analysis at Sungkvunkwan University Forest)

  • 이상화;이규석;김재철
    • 한국환경복원기술학회지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.85-95
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    • 2008
  • This study was carried out to analyze Sungkyunkwan University Forest vegetation at Pocheon. Employing the releve method of Braun-Blanquet, 20 plots were sampled. The communities were classified into Larix leptolepis community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus koraiensis community and Pinus densiflora community. Average coverage rate was 91% in tree layer, 39% in subtree layer, 44% in shrub layer, 43% in herb layer, respectively. The importance values were 61.79% in Larix leptolepis, 52.08% in Quercus mongolica, 44.6% in Pinus koraiensis, 30.35% in Pinus densiflora, 17.78% in Styrax obassia, 10.9% in Fraxinus rhynchophyllia. DBH range of most Quercus mongolica was between 6cm and 15cm. Therefore, Quercus mongolica will be dominant species in the study area for several more decades.

천연경신(天然更新)에 의한 소나무 유령임분(幼齡林分)의 구조와 무육방법(撫育方法) (Structure and Tending Method for Naturally Regenerated Young Pinus Densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. Stands)

  • 배상원
    • 한국산림과학회지
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    • 제83권1호
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    • pp.50-62
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    • 1994
  • 본 연구는 강원도(江原道) 지역(地域)에 있는 9개의 소나무 천연경신(天然更新) 임분(林分)을 대상으로 임분(林分) 구조(構造)와 경신(更新) 상태(狀態)를 파악하여 현재 시행하고 있는 천연경신(天然更新) 방법(方法)의 적합성(適合性) 그리고 무육(撫育) 방법(方法)을 고찰하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었다. 특히 본 연구는 소나무와 활엽수(신갈나무) 간의 경쟁(競爭) 상황(狀況)에 따른 치수(稚樹) 무육(撫育) 방안(方案)을 고려하였다. 소나무의 생육본수(生育本數), 생장력(生長力) 그리고 임분(林分) 구조(構造) 분석(分析) 결과에 의하면 소나무의 집중적인 무육(撫育)이 없이는 임분(林分)을 구성하는 주수종(主樹種)이 되기가 힘든 상태이며 활엽수와의 경쟁(競爭)에서 열세(劣勢)인 것으로 나타났다. 개벌작업(皆伐作業)이나 모수작업(母樹作業)에 의한 소나무 천연경신(天然更新)은 지피식생(地被植生)의 번성(繁盛)으로 인하여 성공하기가 힘든 것으로 판단되었다. 단기(短期) 산벌(傘伐) 작업(作業)이나 상태벌(狀態伐)이 가능성있는 방법으로 제안할 수가 있다. 치수(稚樹) 무육(撫育) 방법(方法)은 소나무 위주의 무육(撫育) 방법(方法)보다는 생장력(生長力)과 분포(分布)에 따라 소나무, 신갈나무의 군상(群狀) 혼효림(混淆林)을 유도하는 무육책(撫育策)이 유리하게 판단되었다.

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대덕연구단지 산림식생 구조 (Forest Vegetation Structure in Daedeok Science Town)

  • 송호경;이규석;이선;지윤의;이미정;허승녕
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.169-180
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    • 2001
  • 대덕연구단지의 산림식생은 이차림식생과 조림식생으로 구분되었다. 이차림식생은 소나무군락(Pinus densiflora community)과 상수리나무군락(Quercus acutissima community)으로, 조림식생은 아까시나무군락(Robinia pseudoacacia community), 리기다소나무군락(Pinus rigida community), 곰솔군락(Pinus thunbergii community), 밤나무군락(Castanea crenata community)으로 구분되었다. 본 조사지역에서 출현한 종수는 총 217종이었으며, 각 군락별 평균 출현종수는 소나무군락이 21종, 상수리나무군락 20종, 아까시나무군락 20종, 리기다소나무군락 21종, 곰솔군락 21종, 밤나무군락 18종으로 밤나무군락에서 출현종이 가장 적었고, 이차림군락과 조림군락 간에는 차이가 없었다. 귀화식물은 조사구내에서 닭의장풀, 미국자리공, 개망초, 가중나무 등 12종이 출현하였고, 등산로와 산림주변부에서는 오리새, 미국가막사리, 도꼬마리, 까마중 등 19종이 출현하여 총31종의 귀화식물이 조사되었다.

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주요(主要) 침엽수(針葉樹)의 섬유(纖維) 경사도(傾斜度)와 비틀림 (Slope of Grain and Twist of Major Softwood Species)

  • 강선구;심상노
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 1993
  • Surveyed results on the slope of grain and the twist of sawn lumber of Pinus koraiensis, Larix leptolepis, and Pinus densiflora were summarized as follows: 1. The slope of grain of Pinus koraiensis has a Z-grain in the stem axis. The slope of grain was found to be the lowest at near to the pith and then constantly increased. At the height of 0.2m from the base of stem. a cross section of 35 annual rings was found to have a repeatedly increasing and decreasing slope of grain and then constantly decreased. At the height of 1.2m to 7.2m from the base of stem, the slope of grain increased conspicuously until the 10th annual ring, after which it increased near to the bark with repeatedly increasing and decreasing trends. 2. Pinus densiflora has a S-grain in the stem axis. The lowest slope of grain was found at near to the pith, and the highest in the 10 to 35 annual rings from the pith. 3. Larix leptolepis has a S-grain. At the height of 3.2m from the base of stem, the big fluctuation of the slope of grain was found without any particular trend. 4. The slope of grain and the twist between natural and reforested timber of Pinus koraiensis were found to be almost the same trend in viewpoint of the annual ring. The maximum slope of grain of imported Siberian timber of Pinus koraiensis was found at the 10 annual rings, which was quite similar to that of native species in Korea, but the big difference of the twist was found at 140 annual rings. 5. The twist was little at the mature wood of reforested Pinus koraiensis and Siberians and the duplicated part of mature and juvenile woods of those. On the contrary, the twist was great at the duplicated part of mature and juvenile woods of Pinus koraiensis. 6. The twist of Larix leptolepis showed the S-direction which coincided with that of slope of grain. The twist was greatest at the part of juvenile wood and little at the duplicated part of mature and juvenile woods, and little difference of twist was found between mature and juvenile woods. 7. Siberian larix having a minimum slope of grain showed the lowest twist, and the twist at the duplicated part of mature and juvenile woods showed a middle level of both mature and juvenile woods' portions.

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